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1 Then David came to Nob to Ahimelech the
priest; and Ahimelech came trembling to meet
David and said to him, "Why are you alone and
no one with you?"
Alone, a Fugitive with no food or weapon.
2 David said to Ahimelech the priest, "The king
has commissioned me with a matter and has said
to me, 'Let no one know anything about the
matter on which I am sending you and with which
I have commissioned you; and I have directed the
young men to a certain place.' 3 "Now therefore,
what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of
bread, or whatever can be found." 4 The priest
answered David and said, "There is no ordinary
bread on hand, but there is consecrated bread; if
only the young men have kept themselves from
women."
5 David answered the priest and said to him,
"Surely women have been kept from us as
previously when I set out and the vessels of the
young men were holy, though it was an ordinary
journey; how much more then today will their
vessels be holy?" 6 So the priest gave him
consecrated bread; for there was no bread there
but the bread of the Presence which was removed
from before the LORD, in order to put hot bread in
its place when it was taken away.
And it happened that He was passing through the
grainfields on the Sabbath, and His disciples began to
make their way along while picking the heads of grain.
24 The Pharisees were saying to Him, "Look, why are
they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?" 25 And
He *said to them, "Have you never read what David did
when he was in need and he and his companions
became hungry; 26 how he entered the house of God
in the time of Abiathar the high priest, and ate the
consecrated bread, which is not lawful for anyone to eat
except the priests, and he also gave it to those who
were with him?" 27 Jesus said to them, "The Sabbath
was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath. 28
"So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath."
• Pharasaical Legalism
• Antinomial License
• Intent of the Law
• Lord of the Sabbath
God’s favour

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God’s favour

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. 1 Then David came to Nob to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech came trembling to meet David and said to him, "Why are you alone and no one with you?" Alone, a Fugitive with no food or weapon.
  • 4. 2 David said to Ahimelech the priest, "The king has commissioned me with a matter and has said to me, 'Let no one know anything about the matter on which I am sending you and with which I have commissioned you; and I have directed the young men to a certain place.' 3 "Now therefore, what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever can be found." 4 The priest answered David and said, "There is no ordinary bread on hand, but there is consecrated bread; if only the young men have kept themselves from women."
  • 5. 5 David answered the priest and said to him, "Surely women have been kept from us as previously when I set out and the vessels of the young men were holy, though it was an ordinary journey; how much more then today will their vessels be holy?" 6 So the priest gave him consecrated bread; for there was no bread there but the bread of the Presence which was removed from before the LORD, in order to put hot bread in its place when it was taken away.
  • 6.
  • 7. And it happened that He was passing through the grainfields on the Sabbath, and His disciples began to make their way along while picking the heads of grain. 24 The Pharisees were saying to Him, "Look, why are they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?" 25 And He *said to them, "Have you never read what David did when he was in need and he and his companions became hungry; 26 how he entered the house of God in the time of Abiathar the high priest, and ate the consecrated bread, which is not lawful for anyone to eat except the priests, and he also gave it to those who were with him?" 27 Jesus said to them, "The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath. 28 "So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath."
  • 8. • Pharasaical Legalism • Antinomial License • Intent of the Law • Lord of the Sabbath

Editor's Notes

  1. And you shall take fine flour and bake twelve cakes with it. Two-tenths of an ephah shall be in each cake. You shall set them in two rows, six in a row, on the table of pure gold before the Lord. And you shall put pure frankincense (i.e. symbolic of Christ’s work) on each row, that it may be on the bread for a memorial, an offering made by fire to the Lord. Every Sabbath he shall set it in order before the Lord continually, being taken from the children of Israel by an everlasting covenant. And it shall be for Aaron and his sons, and they shall eat it in a holy place; for it is most holy to him from the offerings of the Lord made by fire, by a perpetual statute (Lev. 24:5-9).
  2. Joseph Fletcher’s Four main Presupositions. (from:http://tere.org/assets/downloads/secondary/pdf_downloads/ALevel/SitEthics.pdf) 1. Pragmatism ~ Whether we like it or not, what is good must be judged on the basis of what works. 2. Relativism ~ Situation ethics is also based on the principle of relativism. This does not mean that everything is relative. It still claims the principle of love. However, the way in which love is carried out may be different from one situation to another. 3. Positivism ~ Faith claims cannot be proven to be true rationalistically. They can only be "posited" and affirmed by the person who chooses to believe their accuracy. Thus, situationism does not seek to prove that an ethical conclusion is true. It only seeks to provide justification (support) for the ethical decision. 4. Personalism ~ Ethics cannot be separated from people. To have an ethical system that is based upon a code or rule without regard for the people is pointless. Situationism, with love as its primary standard, focuses on love as it relates to people.
  3. The Actual Meaning Of The Text (from:http://www.christianlibrary.org/authors/LVarticles/ChristianSituationEthics.htm) To properly understand the events of Matthew 12 it is necessary to understand what the law of Moses taught. The law allowed for the disciples actions, “When you come into your neighbor’s standing grain, you may pluck the heads with your hand, but you shall not use a sickle on your neighbor’s standing grain” (Deuteronomy 23:25). The Pharisees objection was not in what the disciples did, but when they did it. Their tradition taught that the disciples were guilty of working on the Sabbath. But what they did was not work. The example of David Jesus responded by pointing out what David did when he was fleeing from Saul (I Samuel 21). The bread that David requested had been offered in the tabernacle and was only for the priests to eat (Leviticus 24:5-9). Jesus clearly states that the showbread that David took “was not lawful for him to eat” (Matthew 12:4). To assume that Jesus was defending David is just that, an assumption. Jesus’ point is very simple: the Pharisees would never have condemned David when he broke the law, but they readily condemned the disciples though they did not break the law. The priests The Sabbath law had recognized exceptions, and the priests served as an example of such. Though the command was not to work on the Sabbath, yet the priests had work to do. Other activities were allowed on the Sabbath as well. These included caring for the needs of animals (Deuteronomy 22:1-4; Matthew 12:11), circumcision (John 7:22), helping the needy (Luke 14:1-6). The Pharisaical approach to the law ignored mercy (Matthew 12:7; 23:23). They forbid what the law allowed. Mark 2:27 record, “And He said to them, ‘The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath.’” The Sabbath was a day of rest given for man’s benefit, and a day in which to remember the blessings of God (Deuteronomy 5:12-15). The Pharisees perverted this intent.