Instituto IMDEA Materiales de la Comunidad de Madrid: una experiencia basada en el liderazgo y la atención de talento.

1. Instituto IMDEA Materiales de la
Comunidad de Madrid: una
experiencia innovadora basada en el
liderazgo y la atracción de talento
José Manuel Torralba
Instituto IMDEA Materiales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

2. IMPOSSIBLE IS NOTHING
2

4. 1987
1996
2008
4

5. 1987-1995
> 1.000 k€
> 10 PhD thesis
> 80 papers JCR
5

6. ‹#›

7. IMDEA es una red de organizaciones independientes de investigación,
sin animo de lucro, promovidas por el gobierno de la Comunidad de Madrid

8. MISSION
MISION
- Realizar investigación de excelencia
- Promover la transferencia de tecnología a la industria y
mejorar la competitividad
- Atraer talento a la Comunidad de Madrid

9. Investigación de excelencia
- Publicar en las mejores revistas (non multa sed multum)
- Definir progamas de investigación y capacidades
- Visibilidad internacional
- Referencia en la dirección y tutorización
- Liderazgo
Transferencia de tecnología
- Colaboración estratégica con empresas (nacionales y multinacionales)
- La colaboración con la industria se basa en proyectos de investigación (que
permita publicar o patentar), no en desarrollo de ingeniería o ensayos.
- Las patentes siempre pensando en licenciarlas.
- Transferencia de talento a la industria.
Atracción de talento
-
Crear un ambiente que facilite atraer talento de forma individual de cualquier lugar
del mundo
Jovenes investigadores que quieran formar su grupo de investigación
independiente y con potencial para conseguir una ERC StG
En qué areas queremos ser una referencia internacional?

10. MISSION
Algunos comentarios
- Para que una mesa de tres patas se mantenga estable y plana, las
tres patas tienen que tener la misma longitud.
- Para hacer investigación de excelencia, hay que atraer talento.
- El gobierno y la sociedad (los políticos) son muy sensibles a la
transferencia de tecnología.
- Necesitamos socios industriales para cubrir el presupuesto
(especialmente en la actual situación económica)
- Colaboración en equipo vs. metas individuales

15. La iniciativa IMDEA ha promovido siete institutos independientes en
distintas áreas (agua, alimentación, energía, materiales, nanociencia, redes
y software).

16. ORGANIZACION DEL INSTITUTO
PATRONATO
COMISION
PERMANENTE
COMITE
CIENTIFICO
CONSEJO DIRECCION
Director, Director Adjunto, Gerente
COMITÉ TECNICO
2 semanas
COMITE DE GESTION
Director, Director Adjunto, Gerente,
Director técnico, Groupleaders
Gerente, Director Técnico,
Direccion personal
Mes.
2 semanas
CONSEJO INSTITUTO
Director, Director Adjunto, Gerente,
Groupleaders, representantes PhD
3 meses

17. El instituto IMDEA Materiales está gobernado por un patronato que
incluye (4) representantes de la Comunidad de Madrid, (4) instituciones de
investigación (UPM, UCM, UC3M, CSIC), (5) científicos de prestigio
internacional y la industria (ITP, Airbus, Gamesa, Alciturri, Antolín)

18. Prof. Dr. Manuel Elices
Professor
Universidad Politécnica de
Madrid. Spain
Prof. Dr. Dierk Raabe
Director Max-Planck Institute
for Iron Research (MPIE)
RWTH Aachen University.
Germany
Dr. Pedro Muñoz-Esquer
Independent Consultant
Prof. Dr. Peter Gumbsch
Director Fraunhofer
Institute for Mechanics of
Materials (IWM)
University of Karlsruhe.
Germany
Prof. Dr. Eugenio Oñate
Director CIMNE
Universidad Politécnica
de Cataluña. Spain
Prof. Dr. Andreas
Mortensen
Director Institute of
Materials
Ecole Federale
Polytechnique of
Lausanne (EPFL).
Switzerland
Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Miranda
Director IMDEA
Nanoscience Institute
Universidad Autónoma de
Madrid. Spain
Prof. Dr. Brian Cantor
University of Bradford. UK
Dr. Gary Savage
Independent Consultant
Prof. Dr. Bill A. Curtin
Ecole Federale
Polytechnique
of Lausanne (EPFL).
Switzerland
Prof. Dr. Bill Clyne
Cambridge University. UK
Prof. Dr. John R. Willis
Cambridge University. UK
Prof. Dr. John E. Allison
Univ. of Michigan. USA
Prof. Dr. Yiu-Wing Mai
Director Centre for
Advanced Materials
Prof. Dr. Randall M. German
Technology (CAMT)
Associate Dean of
University of Sydney.
Engineering
Australia
San Diego State University.
USA
18

19. RESEARCH LINES
Tratamos de combinar investigación aplicada (de acuerdo con los
intereses a medio plazo de los socios industriales) con investigación
fundamental (topicos en la frontrera del conocimiento que nos propicie
liderazgo tecnológico a largo plazo).

20. PERSONNEL
Llamadas internacionales (2007, 2008 & 2010) para reclutar
investigadores de plantilla
- Más de 300 solicitudes de 35 países
- Evaluación preliminar del Comité Científico (≈ 10%)
- Selección final después de entrevista
En la actualidad:
- 68 investigadores de 15 países: 7 senior, 8 junior, 3 visitantes, 13
postdoctorales, 37 doctorandos.
- 50% de los investigadores extranjeros
- 70% de los doctores hicieron el doctorado fuera de España:
España: UPM (4), UPC, UPV, UCM (4), Univ. de Valladolid, Univ. de Zaragoza, …
Europa: Cambridge (2), Max Planck for Iron Research, Delft University of Technology,
University of Leoben, Dublin City University, Grenoble INP, …
America: MIT, UC Berkeley, Dayton University, State Univ. Campinas, …
Asia: India Institute of Technology, NIMS Japan, China Central South University, Sichuan
University, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Seoul National University, …

21. Design & Simulation
Composite Structures
Dr. C. S. Lopes
Structural Composites
Dr. C. Gonzalez
Solidification Processing
& Engineering
Dr. S. Milenkovic
Solid State Processing
Prof. J.M. Torralba
Nano-Architectures
& Materials Design
Dr. R. Guzmán de Villoria
Physical Metallurgy
Dr. M. T. Perez-Prado
Multifunctional
Nanocomposites
Dr. J. J. Vilatela
Physical Simulation
Dr. I. Sabirov
Computational Alloy
Design
Dr. Y. W. Cui
Polymer
Nanocomposites
Dr. D. Y. Wang
Mechanics of Materials
Prof. J. LLorca
Atomistic
Materials Modeling
Dr. I. Martín-Bragado
Theoretical & Applied
Mechanics
Prof. P. Ponte-Castañeda
Multiscale Materials
Modeling
Dr. J. Segurado
Nanomechanics &
Micromechanics
Dr. J. M. Molina
RESEARCH
GROUPS

22. RESEARCH PROGRAMS
Next generation of Composites
Nanomaterials & Nanomechanics
-Graphene and 2D materials,
nanotubes and nanofibers
-Nanomaterials for energy generation
and storage
-Nanomechanics
-In situ characterization of materials at
the nm and µm scale
Novel Alloy Design, Processing &
Development
- Metallic alloys for high temperature
structural applications (Ni/Co, TiAl,
NiAl, etc.)
- Light alloys and their composites
- Casting, solidification & welding
- Optimization of properties by means
of thermo-mechanical treatments
- Low-cost processing of high
performance composites (out-ofautoclave, hot-forming, in-situ
consolidation of thermoplastics)
- New frontiers of structural
performance (high temperature,
impact, self-healing, nonconventional lay-up configuration)
- Composites with multifunctional
capabilities (fire resistance,
electrical and thermal conductivity)
Integrated Computational
Materials Engineering
- Virtual design, virtual processing
and virtual testing
- Multiscale materials modelling
(molecular mechanics, kinetic
MonteCarlo, computational
thermodynamics, phase-field, finite
element, homogenization, etc.)

23. SINGULAR RESEARCH
INFRASTRUCTURES
Carbon Nanotube Fibre Spinning Reactor
CVD Reactor to manufacture graphene, 2D materials & nanotubes
Processing of structural composites (pultrusion, RTM, infiltration, hot-press)
Injection processing of polymer and polymer nanocomposites
Directional solidification and casting
Thermo-mechanical processing of metallic alloys (Gleeble 3800)
X-ray computer-assisted tomography scanner
Dual-beam FIB FEGSEM with EBSD
In situ mechanical testing (SEM, AFM, XCT) at high temperature (700ºC)
Fire testing (cone calorimeter, UL94, LOI)
Nanoindentors (up to 750ºC)
High performance computer cluster (232 processors)

24. RESULTS (2012)
Publications, conferences and patents
- 65 articles in SCI Journals: Acta Mater (4), J Mech Phys Solids, Phys Rev
Let, Int J Plasticity (2), Carbon (2), Langmuir, Chem Sus Chem, Composites
Sci Techno (4), Scripta Mater (2), Metall Mater Trans A (3), etc.
- Organization of 6 international symposia
- 23 plenary/keynote lectures at international Conferences
- 20 invited seminars at universities and research centers (Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Beijing University of Science and Technology, Oxford
University, Cambridge University, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de
Lausanne, Osaka University, Arizona State University,
- 2 patent submissions, 2 software packages licensed
- 2 PhD theses and 7 MEng theses. 33 PhD theses on going.
Current research projects: 38
- 1 regional, 3 national, 15 european, 6 international and 13 industrial

25. PROYECTOS INVESTIGACION ACTIVOS
Structural composites and nanocomposites:
- IMS&CPS (Electrical prop. & fire resistance nanocomposites, EU 7th FP, NMP)
- Fire retardant polymer nanocomposites (Tolsa)
- Development of shields against high velocity impact on A30X fuselage, Airbus)
- SELF HEALING (Self-healing polymer-matrix composites, Acciona)
- Semi-cured processing of structural composites (Airbus)
- NFRP (Nano-Engineered Fiber-Reinforced Polymers, EU 7th FP, People)
- MUFIN (New multifunctional fiber for new multifunctional composites, EU 7th FP)
- MUDATCOM (Damage-tolerant, multifunctional structural composites, MEC)
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering:
- MICROMECH (microstructure-based modelling of IN718, EU 7th FP, JTI)
- SIMCREEN (Simulation for screening properties of composites, Airbus)
- VMD (Virtual Materials Design platform, Abengoa Research)
- MODENA (Mutiscale modeling of PU foams, EU 7th FP, NMP)
- ICMEg (Integrated Computational Materials Engineering Network, EU 7th, NMP)

26. PROYECTOS INVESTIGACION ACTIVOS
Nanomechanics:
- RADINTERFACE (Nanoscale metallic multilayers, EU 7th FP, NMP)
- NANOLAM (Metal-ceramic multilayers, USA-Spain Materials World Network)
- HOTNANOMECH (Nanomechanics of strong solids at high temperature, MEC)
Advanced metallic materials:
- MAGMAN (Mg-RE alloys, USA-Spain Materials World Network)
- TiAlES (Processing & simulation of TiAl, ITP)
- VANCAST (Casting of superalloy NGV, ERA-Net Matera+, EU 7th FP)
- LIMEDU (Nanostructured Al and Ti by SPD, ERA-Net Matera+, EU 7th FP)
- NEWQP (Advanced high strength steels by QP process, EU, RFCS)
- VINAT (Ti-based nanomaterials, EU 7th FP, NMP)
- EXOMET (Novel liquid processing routes of light alloys, EU 7th FP, NMP)
- NECTAR (Advanced NiAl-based Eutetic Alloys, EU 7th FP, People)
- PILOTMANU (Advanced manufacturing metals & cemets, EU, 7th FP, SME)

27. PROYECTOS INVESTIGACION ACTIVOS
Materials for electronics:
- MasID (Modeling of advanced semiconductor integrated device, Global
Foundries Pte. Ltd., Singapore)
- MASTIC (MonteCarlo simulation of technological crystals, EU, 7th FP, People)
- COMPOSE3 (Compound Semiconductors for 3D integration, EU, 7th FP, ICT)
Materials for energy:
- CARINHYPH (Nanocarbon-inorganic hybrids for photocatalysis, EU 7th FP,
NMP)

28. •
•
•
•
•
PM steels
Iron Base Cermets
Powder injection moulding
PM Titanium Alloys
Aluminium and magnesium matrix
composites
• Intermetallics
• Coatings
• Spray pyrolysis
28

29. PM Ti alloys
Ti
Design of new low-cost Ti
alloys
•Modification of composition:
sustitution of V for Fe
•Conventional PM techniques :
pressing and sintering
Development of full dense
PM Ti alloys
•Consolidation for:
•Pressing & Sintering
HIP, Hot Pressing
•Heat treatments
•Ti-6Al-4V
•Ti-3Al-2.5V
•Ti-6Al-7Nb
29

30. PM Ti alloys
Ti
Design of new low-cost Ti
alloys
1, 3, 5 7 wt% Fe
ASC
Ti
(HDH)
+
1, 3, 5, 7 wt% Fe
Carbonyl
primary
Fe-25Ti
Master Alloy
Ti-7Fe (carbonyl) alloy sintered at
1300ºC-1h-5ºC/min.
30

31. PM Ti alloys
Comparison among materials
UTS comparable to
wrought Ti-6Al-4V
Ingot Metallurgy
Powder Metallurgy
31

32. PM Ti alloys
Ti
Development of full dense PM Ti alloys
Prealloyed powder
Ti-6Al-4V
HDH
Elemental Ti
HDH
+
Master Alloy
HEM
Elemental Al
Al:V (35:65)
Al:V (60:40)
CB
Ti64 PA
CB: Conventional blending
HEM: High Energy Milling
Ti64 MA
32

33. PM Ti alloys
Properties of Ti6Al4V alloy obtained from prealloyed powders
(PA) and master alloys (MA), sintered at different temperatures.
Comparison to wrought Ti (*)
Ti6Al4V alloy from MA powders, sintered at
1250ºC-2h.
UTS [MPa]
Ti (grade 4)
Ti-6Al-4V
(annealed)
550 - 662
900 - 993
(*) Guide to Engineered Materials (GEM 2002),
Advanced Materials and Processes, Vol. 159, Issue 12,
p29-184 December 2001
33

34. Ti base alloys by PM
Design of
alloys
Coloidal
processing
Agomerates of
particles and
sintered material
“net-shape” or “nearnet shape”
technologies
Ti-6Al-7Nb: 1350°C –
2h
Homogeneous
microstructure
Competitive properties
(UTS > 900 MPa)

35. •
•
•
•
•
Outline
PM steels
Iron Base Cermets
Powder injection moulding
PM Titanium Alloys
Aluminium and magnesium matrix
composites
• Intermetallics
• Coatings
• Spray pyrolysis
35

36. SECUENCIA DE FABRICACIÓN
Al matrix composites
Powder developed
by mechanical
alloying
Preform by
uniaxial pressing
or CIP
Hot extrusion without
canning and
degassing
36

37. Al matrix composites
20 m
37

38. The side views of the specimens compressed at (a) different temperatures and
strain rates to a strain of about 0.8, (b) 200 °C and 0.01 s-1 to the strains of
about 1.2 and 1.6.
38

39. The
processing
maps of
AZ91 alloy
developed
at the
strain of
0.1 (up)
and 0.5
(down)
39

40. •
•
•
•
•
Outline
PM steels
Iron Base Cermets
Powder injection moulding
PM Titanium Alloys
Aluminium and magnesium matrix
composites
• Intermetallics
• Coatings
• Spray pyrolysis
40

41. Intermetallics
Ti4522XD, Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn-0.8(%v.) TiB2
I. Centrifugal casting (CC):
Access e. V.
TechCenter
I.1. CC-blades:
II. PM – Prealloyed Powder
R. Gerling et al: Adv. Eng. Mat, 2004, vol. 6, N. 1-2
I.2. CC- samples:
II.1. PM - HIP II.2. PM – FAHP
Field assisted hot pressing
+ Heat Treatments
41

42. Intermetallics
Ti4522XD, Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn-0.8(%v.) TiB2
II. PM – Prealloyed Powder
Electrode Induction Melting Gas Atomization (EIGA)
R. Gerling et al: Adv. Eng. Mat, 2004, vol. 6, N. 1-2
42

43. Intermetallics
Experimental procedure: Material and Processing
Ti4522XD, Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn-0.8(%v.) TiB2
II.1. PM – Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP)
300
Heating rate: <10°C/min
HIP conditions: temperature: 1185°C ±10
Dwell
Dwell pressure: 1720bar ±50
Dwell time: 240min ±15
Cooling rate: <10°C/min
Atmosphere: Argon
Intensity (counts)
250
200
150
100
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Angle (‫)؛‬
43
70
80
90
100

44. Ti4522XD, Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn-0.8(%v.) TiB2
II.2. PM – FAHP (Field assisted hot pressing)
Nearly lamellar
microstructure
44

45. TiAl base composites
TiAl + Al2O3 (+ Al Ti2C)
• Near full density
Sintering
High energy milling
Compaction
LP
CIP
Reactive
Vacuum
Verde
Sinterizado
TiAl
Al2O3
 Mecanizado
• Low porosity (avoiding HIP)
• 30% - 40% volumen
• „In situ‟ formation of the
reinforcement

46. Sol-gel coatings
Porous coatings
Titanium,
316L
stainless
steel
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
COATINGS AND SURFACE
MODIFICATION
Termochemical coatings
Surface activity
Electrochemistry activity
Oxidation
Biocompability
46

47. Spray pyrolysis
“as prepared” particles
Primary particles
MET - 500 ºC
LiFePO4 system
Primary
30 nm
50 nm
particles:
<

48. ¡¡¡GRACIAS P
R SU ATENCION!!!
¿Preguntas?
48