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Graphics, Infographics, and
 Data Visualization:
 An Economist’s Call for
 Better Visuals
     Jonathan A. Schwabish
     Congressional Budget Office
     jschwabi@yahoo.com
     @jschwabish
     October 2012


The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and should
not be interpreted as those of the Congressional Budget Office.
Graphics produced by
economists, policy and budget
analysts, government agencies…
can be better
Social Security Administration
Klerman and Danielson, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2011
Social Security Administration
Government Accountability Office
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
Bailey, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2012
Chinn 2011, LaFollette School WP No. 2012-006
Sala, Soderstrom, and Trigara, NBER WP No. 18434, 2012
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta
Bureau of Economic Analysis
U.S. Census Bureau
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
U.S. Department of the Treasury
Hanson, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2012
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Gokhale, Social Security: A Fresh Look at Policy Alternatives, 2010
Social Security Advisory Board
Modrek and Cullen, 14th Annual Joint Conference of the
          Retirement Research Consortium
Sum = 98%                                    Sum = 100%
            Social Security Administration
Holden and Fontes, Journal of Women, Politics, & Policy, 2009
Focus
Expertise
Knowledge
CBO’s Infographic Demographic

• Member of Congress
    Wants to get specific information on a topic,
    a broad overview, quick facts, or bullet points.

• Congressional Staffer
    Wants to get data quickly. Might be briefing
    Member on topics outside usual areas of
    responsibility.
CBO’s Infographics:
Bring the most important
information to the top
Understanding the Fiscal Cliff




      75 pages           10 pages
The purpose of visualization
is insight, not pictures
           -Card, Mackinlay and Shneiderman (1999)
Data        Government
Visualization    Agencies

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