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1. NASAL INTEGUMENT - AN
INDICATOR OF MAXILLARY
SKELETAL PATTERN
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
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17.
NASAL INTEGUMENT AS AN
INDICATOR OF MAXILLARY
SKELETAL PATTERN
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18. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Evaluate nasal morphology in sagittal and
vertical maxillary excess.
Evaluate nasal morphology in sagittal and
vertical maxillary deficiency.
To correlate the nasal morphology to class II
skeletal and class III skeletal patterns.
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19. MATERIALS AND METHODS
DATA PRESENTATION
Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs
of 40 patients / 4 sub groups
10 Patients Sagittal Maxillary Deficiency
10 Patients Sagittal Maxillary Excess
10 Patients Vertical Maxillary Deficiency
10 Patients Vertical Maxillary Excess
5Male and 5Female in each subgroup
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20. SOURCE OF SAMPLE
Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of
Sample selected from the patients who are
visiting department of orthodontics at Narayana
dental college.
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21.
INCLUSION CRITERIA
1. AGE > 18 Years for both Male and Female samples
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
1. Prior history of Orthodontic treatment
2. History of Trauma or Surgery to Facial region
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26.
SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION WERE SEEN BETWEEN THE
FOLLOWING SKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUE NASAL
VARIABLES
1.ANTERIOR FACIAL HEIGHT AND NASAL LENGTH
AFH
NASAL LENGTH
2.ANGLE OF INCLINATION AND NASAL LENGTH
- AOI
NLTH
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27. 3.UPPER ANTERIOR FACIAL HEIGHT AND NASAL
DEPTH
- AFH
ND
4.AOI AND NASAL DEPTH
AOI
ND
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29.
CONVEX NASAL PROFILE IS SEEN IN CLASS II CASES
CONCAVE NASAL PROFILE IS SEEN IN CLASS III CASES
NASAL DEPTH IS INCREASED INCREASED MAXILLARY
SAGITTAL DIMENSIONS
NASAL LENGTH INCREASED IN CLASS III SKELETAL
PATTERNS
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31.
Subtelny [AJO 1959;45:481-507],
- first demonstrated downward and forward growth of
mandible during maturity.
-nose grows more vertically when compared to its
growth in sagittal dimension.
Meng etal [AJO1988 ],
-Supported the subtelny conclusions
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32.
Scott [Br.Dent J 1953;95:37-43],
- Nasal septum is determinant of midfacial growth
Lathum [J Anat 1970;107:47-78],
-nasal septum acted as a starter mechanism ,pulling
the premaxillae and maxillae forward via the so
called septo-premaxillary ligaments
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33.
Grymer et al [Rhinology 1997;35: Abstract],
- Deficient nasal septum growth along with decreased
anteroposterior growth of the maxilla leads to an
upward displacement of the anterior part of the
maxilla indicating a strong relationship between nasal
growth and inclination of the maxillary plane.
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34.
Robinson et al [AJO 1986;89:499-506],
-Their cephalometric study on the
relationship between skeletal facial pattern and soft
tissue nasal form concluded that nasal shape followed
the underlying skeletal pattern very closely in the
sagittal dimension.
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35.
Peter H. Buschang [JCO 1992;26:111-118],
-Horizontal growth at pr and sn is closely associated
with horizontal growth at ANS and A POINT
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37. -Nasal length was seen to be significantly correlated to
upper anterior facial height and inclination of palatal
plane.
-An upturned nose in an adult individual was
significantly correlated with anti-clockwise rotation
of maxilla.
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38. -SIgnificant correlation is present between nasal
projection and nasal length with sagittal
maxillary dimensions.
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39.
Growth and development of any structure will
occur in three dimensions of space simultaneously
and the overlying integument adapts in three
dimensions.so,its wise to understand the concept
in three dimensions of space than analyzing in one
or two dimensions.
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40. Thank you
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Editor's Notes
Integument is derived from the Latin word "integumentum", which literally means "a covering". As a general term in biology the word "integument" refers most commonly to the natural covering of an organism or an organ, such as its skin, husk, shell, or rind and then onwards determines HOMEOSTASIS and the MORPHOLOGICAL GROWTH of underlying structures.YES it follows the underlying skeleton pattern, but initially it determines the underlying skeleton pattern growth and developmentand laterit adopts itself in camouflaging according to the DETERINANTS of the same (growth and development)
Integument is derived from the Latin word "integumentum", which literally means "a covering". As a general term in biology the word "integument" refers most commonly to the natural covering of an organism or an organ, such as its skin, husk, shell, or rind and then onwards determines HOMEOSTASIS and the MORPHOLOGICAL GROWTH of underlying structures.YES it follows the underlying skeleton pattern, but initially it determines the underlying skeleton pattern growth and developmentand laterit adopts itself in camouflaging according to the DETERINANTS of the same (growth and development)
As There exists a strong relationship between nasal morphology and maxillary skeletal pattern. It is essential to have a knowledge about this relationship for proper orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Therefore the primary purpose of this study was to