1. VoIP , What is VOIP?
George Dallas
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2. Agenda
 What is VoIP?
 Why VoIP?
 What’s Required for VoIP Deployment?
 Need for SIP
 Recommendations
 What the Vendors are Saying
 Q/A
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3. What is VoIP?
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4. What is VoIP?
 VoIP = “Voice over Internet Protocol”
 Basically, VoIP means Voice transmitted over
a Digital Network”
 Also called IP Telephony
 Standards based (e.g., H.323, G.711, G.729,
RTP, UDP, IP, RSVP, SIP)
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5. What is VoIP?
 VoIP is the latest in a long series of actions to
change voice transmission from an all analog
to an all digital network
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6. Traditional Analog Systems
 Traditional Analog Systems have tremendous
Quality of Service Built In.
 They assign a dedicated end-to-end connection
for each pair of users
 These connections could carry more than just a
voice connection -- but they don’t
 A lot of potential bandwidth is wasted
 It’s like having your own personal Limo – ready to
take you anywhere at a moments notice
 Very Good service – but not very efficient
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7. VoIP Systems
 VoIP Systems differ from Analog Systems
 They convert voice into packets and then mix
several conversations onto the same wires (IP
Networks)
 These circuits can also carry data packets as well
 An efficient use of bandwidth
 It’s like having a fleet of shared taxis
 Make efficient use of resources – but you could
still end up standing in the rain trying to catch a
taxi
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8. IP Networks
 IP Networks were not designed with the
same Quality of Service as Analog Phone
Networks
 IP Networks anticipate that some packets may be
lost or delayed
 IP Networks contain provisions to request the re-
transmission of missing packets
 From a data standpoint, a user may wait an extra
second for a web page to load
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9. Need for Quality
 But Voice Networks cannot tolerate delay and
missing packets
 To be effective, Voice networks require a
continuous stream of packets
 You can’t have a random series of 2-3 second
delays in the middle of a sentence and have an
effective conversation
 This lack of Quality of Service initially proved to be
a barrier to the mainstream adoption of VoIP
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10. Need for Quality
 Voice is a Real-Time Application
 Delay < 150 (ITU-G114) - 200 ms OK in
Corporate network
 Jitter (delay variation) < 30 ms
 Packet Loss < 1%
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11. Recent Advances
 Recent advances in Networking have
overcome the Quality of Service Issues
 Protocols have been developed to provide an
adequate level of service and quality
 Network Switching equipment has evolved to give
Voice traffic priority over Data traffic
 Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) can
segregate Voice and Data traffic
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12. Why VoIP?
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13. Which Technologies Will
Drive Employee Productivity?
Virtual Private Networks 60%
IP Telephony 54%
Wireless LANs 47%
Wireless Email 30%
Mobile Technology 26%
Instant Messaging 18%
Other 2%
IP Telephony Ranked Second on List of Technologies Associated
with Improved Employee Productivity
Source: Sage Research, January 2003 13

14. Key Customer Drivers for IP
Communications
 Lower Cost of “Network”  Aggregate View on Drivers
Ownership
 Cost savings are the primary
short-term reason to converge 60%
voice, data and video onto a
single IP network
 This reflects the impact of the 40%
slowing economy on IT
investment 20%
 Enhanced Business
Communications
0%
 Creating new revenue streams 1st — 428 2nd — 397 3rd — 344
and deploying new applications
that can increase productivity To drive cost savings (easier infrastructure mgmt.)
or enhance customer care are To drive revenues
seen as significant and as To enable additional application capabilities
longer term benefits of Other
convergence
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Source: The META Group Multi-Client Study 2000/01

15. The Basic Theory
 Put Voice, Data and Video on to one Network
and achieve savings and flexibility
 Eliminate redundant Networks
 Consolidate IT Staff
 Simplify Administration and Maintenance
 Reduce hardware
 Reduce cabling – 1 cable for voice and data
 Reduce WAN Charges
 Converged Networks are the key
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16. Disparate Networks
Collaboration Calendar
Audio
Conferencing
DATA
VOICE
Voice
Messaging
Web
Email Application
Instant Telephone
Messaging Services
VIDEO
Video
Conferencing
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17. Converged Network
Calendar Instant
Messaging
Collaboration Web
Application
Video
Conferencing Audio
Conferencing
email
Telephone
Voice Services
Messaging
Security

18. What’s Required for VoIP
Deployment?
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19. Data Networks
 Data Networks must be robust enough to
support the additional Voice and possibly
Video Traffic
 Remember -- if the Data Network is down, you
can’t make phone calls
 Network Architecture needs to address
 Quality of Service
 Security
 Redundancy
 Availability
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20. Network Switches
 If your Data Network is more than 3 years old
it may not be able to support VoIP
 Newer Layer-2 and Layer-3 Switches are
designed to support VoIP
 VLAN Support
 QoS Support
 Security Features
 Gigabit Links
 POE
 Large Buffers
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21. Power
 Analog Phone Systems provide power to
Phones over the phone cabling
 Analog Phone systems have Battery Back Up
Systems
 If the Power goes off – The phones still work
 VoIP Phones are powered over the Data
Cable from the Network Switch
 Power Over Ethernet (POE)
 Requires Battery Back Up Systems (UPSs) in
each Data Closet
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22. Network Cabling
 Existing Voice Category-3 Cabling cannot
support VoIP
 Requires new cables for existing installations
 Minimum of one Category-5e Cable for all users
 VoIP can reduce cabling costs for new
deployments
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23. Network Architecture
 Data Networks need to be re-designed
 Separate VLANs are required to segregate traffic
 Voice
 Data
 Video
 Management
 Deploy Redundant Links
 Multiple Paths
 Rapid Spanning Tree Support
 Hardware Based Routing
 L-3 switches vs. Software based Routers
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24. Network Security
 Firewalls should be deployed where Voice
and Data Networks meet
 Prevent Data Network Attacks from affecting
Voice
 Users should be authenticated to gain access
to the network
 Radius Servers
 Authenticate Users
 Assign Policies
 Assign Users to VLANs based on Identity
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25. VoIP Systems
 Deploy standards based VoIP systems
 SIP support is a key
 Instruments
 Signaling
 System Servers should be distributed
 Determine if a Hybrid approach works best
for you
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26. Need for SIP
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27. SIP
 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an Open
Standard signaling protocol used for
establishing sessions in an IP Network
 It is a catalytic protocol that delivers key signaling
elements that can turn a VoIP Network into a true
IP Communications Network
 It replaces older and proprietary signaling
protocols
 It enables multiple vendors to interoperate
 It enables new services to be easily added
 Enables Presence Based Capabilities
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28. Why Sip?
Shared
Call
Appearance
Hold
Shared
with
Line
Music
Address
of
Record
Directed Group
Pickup Pickup
Call
Park
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29. Why Sip?
Multimedia
Call Center
Buddy list
Push-to-talk Presence
based
Routing
??????? Video, Chat,
IM Intelligent
Call
Screening
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30. SIP, H.323 and MGCP
Call Control and Signaling Signaling and Media
Gateway Control
Audio/
H.323 Video
H.225
H.245 Q.931 RAS SIP MGCP RTP RTCP RTSP
TCP UDP
IP
H.323 Version 1 and 2 supports H.245 over TCP, Q.931 over TCP and RAS over UDP.
H.323 Version 3 and 4 supports H.245 over UDP/TCP and Q.931 over UDP/TCP and
RAS over UDP.
SIP supports TCP and UDP.
SIP leverages other protocols.
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31. Recommendations
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32. Recommendations
 For new Installations
 Deploy a Converged Network
 Deploy VoIP System
 Deploy Advanced L-2 and L-3 Switches
 Take advantage of Reduced Cabling
Requirements
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33. Recommendations
 For existing Installations
 IP Enable your Existing PBX
 Deploy VoIP initially where needed
 Sales
 Call Centers
 Tele-workers - #1 application
 Wireless
 PDAs
 Soft Phones (Laptops)
 WoVoiP
 Implement VoIP on the WAN between Sites
 Phased approach – leverage existing investment
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34. Reasons to Switch to VoIP
 VoIP is the Strategic Direction of Carriers and
Vendors
 Conventional Systems will become outdated and
expensive to maintain and upgrade
 VoIP provides a Feature Rich and Cost
Effective Architecture
 New features and services will be added to VoIP
Systems
 Competitive Pressures will force many Industries
to Upgrade to keep pace
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35. Reasons to Switch to VoIP
 VoIP Investment Protection
 IP Enable Existing Systems
 Take advantage of new features where you need
them now
 Migrate based on budgets and business needs
 VoIP can Reduce Maintenance Expenses
 Moves, Adds, Changes are simplified
 Converged Networks = Fewer Systems
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36. Reasons to Switch to VoIP
 Flexibility and Portability
 IP Soft Phones
 Wireless IP Phones
 Dual Mode Cellular / Wireless IP Phones
 Key Applications
 SIP Based
 Presence Detection
 Follow Me
 Call Centers
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37. Reasons to Switch to VoIP
 Better Network Management
 VoIP Network Upgrades provide benefits for Data
Users as well
 Real Time Collaboration
 Video Telephony
 Presence Detection
 Instant Messaging
 Drag and Drop Conference Calls
 Improved Bandwidth Utilization
 Converged WAN Links for Voice, Data and Video
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38. NEC on IP Telephony
“IP Telephony is growing throughout the world as communications
decision makers begin to take advantage of the potential cost
savings afforded by converged infrastructures. NEC’s initiative is
to facilitate the migration to IP Telephony. One of the essential
aspects of NEC’s strategy is honoring our commitment to
investment protection for our customers. Therefore we have "IP
enabled" our existing line of traditional PBXs, Key Telephone
Systems and Document Solutions so that our customers can
enjoy the cost savings of IP Telephony without rendering
obsolete their existing systems.
 http://www.necunifiedsolutions.com/main/Solutions
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39. Final Thoughts
 Avoid the Hype
 One approach, which is hotly debated in the VoIP
market, is to rip out your old PBX, phones and wiring
and replace everything with IP phones. That might
work in some cases, particularly where the old PBX
is long past its expiration date, but it isn't always the
best approach.
 Consider deploying IP Telephony based on a
Phased Approach – See NEC’s migration strategy
 With a carefully targeted VoIP deployment you can
achieve 70% of the ROI with 30% of the investment
 Understand the benefits that the technology offers,
not just the costs
 Have a Plan
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