Making asterisk feel like home outside north america

Escape from North America:Elastix localization for the world!

Agenda• What might we want to change?• Where can we change it?• How can we change it?• But first, a quick test...

A bit about me...• Chartered Engineer• Telecoms for the last 20+ years...• A firm belief that Telecoms is fun• Background in Civil Aviation air-ground comms, Wireless Local Loop, Computer Telephony• Qualified trainer• dCAP qualified Asterisk specialist• Contributed the ‗Internationalization‘ chapter (9) to Asterisk: The Definitive Guide

A bit about TeleSpeak...• Founded in 2006• Located close to Oxford, UK• Whole business is focussed around Asterisk – Elastix Training Partner – Digium Authorised Training Partner – Xorcom certified Distributor/Support Specialist • Permanent Asterisk Training Facility – Consultancy – Support

HOW TO LOCALISE YOUR IMPLEMENTATIONS

What might we need to change?• System prompts • Telephony interfaces – (language, accent) – (physical and• Caller ID electrical) – (reception and • Times and dates transmission) – (not only the actual• Tones time zone, but the way times and dates are – (generation and read out) recognition)

Let’s start with tones

Let’s start with tones• Tones – IP devices (e.g. SIP)• Tones – analogue channels• Tones – internal calls

Where do we change those tones?• Tones – IP channels (SIP phones, ATAs) – On the device!!• Tones – analogue channels – /etc/dahdi/system.conf • loadzone = uk • defaultzone = uk• Tones – internal calls – /etc/asterisk/indications.conf • country = uk

The Linux file system / bin The /etc/asterisk directory is created boot when Asterisk is installed dev etc asterisk home extensions.conf lib lost+found indications.conf media dahdi** sip.conf misc chan_dahdi.conf mntWhere net **system.conf lives in the /etc/dahdi directory as it is not part of Asterisk opt proc This is the home directory of the ‘root’exactly? user – if you are logged in as ‘root’ and root (~) start a terminal from the graphical selinux environement, you will start in this directory srv The /usr/src directory is where we put the sys LibPRI, Zaptel and Asterisk tarballs tmp usr var src asterisk-1.6.x.x.tar.gz asterisk-1.6.x.x dahdi-linux-2.x.x.tar.gz dahdi-linux-2.x.x dahdi-tools-2.x.x.tar.gz dahdi-tools... libpri-1.x.x, dahdi-xxxx-2.x.x and Asterisk-1.x.x subdirectories will be created in /usr/src when we ‘untar’ the tarballs

Time and date localisation• Actual time and date for the system is set in Linux• Asterisk can be made aware of many time zones – These zones can be used to change the way times and dates are presented, and even spoken

Where can you change times and dates?• When would you need to do this?• It mainly comes down to voicemail!!! – Accordingly, configuration occurs in /etc/asterisk/voicemail.conf – The [zonemessages] section is where the timezone, time and date presentation and pronounciation are set – The voicemail context (e.g. [default]) is where each mailbox is assigned a zone, if required

Where can you change times and dates?/etc/asterisk/voicemail.conf[zonemessages]central=America/Chicago|vm-received Q digits/at IMpUK=Europe/London|vm-received a b d digits/at HM[default]809=>1234,David Duffett,dd@xyz.com,,tz=UK810=>0000,Mark Spencer,markster@digium.com,,tz=central

Changing the language (or accent) of system prompts• By default Asterisk stores system prompts (sound files) in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds• Within this directory sub-directories are used for the storage of differing prompts

Changing the language (or accent) of system prompts• E.g. – /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/ for English – /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/es/ for Spanish• Filenames need to be known to Asterisk – E.g. hello.gsm would contain • ―hello‖ in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/hello.gsm • ―hola‖ in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/es/hello.gsm

So where do you specify the language?• In the channel...• So for SIP, it would be in sip.conf (or sip_xxxxxxx.conf• For IAX2, it would be in iax.conf• For analogue or digital channels (connected by a Digium card) it would be in chan_dahdi.conf or dahdi-channels.conf• Or in the dialplan

Specifying the language in the Channel/etc/asterisk/sip.conf[general]language=escontext=custom-internaldeny=0.0.0.0/0[dd-phone]type=friendlanguage=fr/etc/asterisk/extensions_custom.conf (the dialplan)[custom-internal]exten => _6001,1,Playback(hello)

Specifying the language in the Dialplan/etc/asterisk/extensions_custom.conf (the dialplan)[custom-internal]exten => _6001,1,Playback(hello)[language-menu]exten => s,1,Background(choose_language); 1 for French, 2 for German, 3 for Spanishexten => s,n,WaitExten(5)exten => 1,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=fr)exten => 2,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=de)exten => 3,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=es)exten => _[1-3],n,Goto(custom-internal,6001,1)

What about Caller ID?• Many different formats around the world• In the UK we use V23 (FSK)• Asterisk can be made to understand different types of Caller ID signalling• ...and to send it to analogue phones too!

Setting the Caller ID format /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf or dahdi-channels.conf group=1 signalling=fxo_ks cidsignalling=v23 ;BT standard cidstart=polarity ;start indication sendcalleridafter=2 ;the number ; of rings before sending the data context=from-analogue channel => 1-4 group=2 signalling=fxs_ks callerid=asreceived context=from-outside channel => 5-8

Telephony Interfaces• Physical characteristics• Electrical characteristics – UK uses 50V DC to power phones – UK uses 75v ac @ 75Hz to ring phones

Basic telephonyFXS - Station FXO – Office

Physical characteristics Hybrid Speaker Telephone Line with an impedance = YMicrophone Impedance = Z

Digium Analog Interfaces

Basic rate interface (BRI) B1 B2 D B = Bearer D = Data

Primary rate interfaces (PRI) – North AmericaT1 1 frame = 125 s x 24 time slots + 1 fb = 1.544 Mbps20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 1 framing bit (fb) ISDN – NI2, AT&TT1 1 frame = 125 s x 24 time slots + 1 fb = 1.544 Mbps20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 1 framing bit CAS – T1 robbed bit

Primary rate interfaces (PRI) – Everywhere else...E1 1 frame = 125 s x 32 time slots = 2.048 Mbps31 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 0framing signalling octet octet ISDN – Euro ISDN, QSIG CAS – MFC R2, E1LS

Observe the Protocol

Digium Digital Interfaces

PRI connectorisation• What is the impedance of the line? – Europe 120 ohm, North America 100 ohm commonly • Typically RJ45 connectors – Might be 75 ohm • Typically BNC connectors

We all need approval• To connect equipment to the national PSTN, approval is often required• Digium hardware is approved in many countries• If connecting to a internal PABX, approval is not required

Questions or comments?

Recap• What might we want to change? – Language or accent of prompts, time zone – Tones, telephony interfaces• Where can we change it? – Asterisk, DAHDI, or individual devices• How can we change it? – Configuration files in Asterisk or DAHDI – Web interface (or provisioning) for IP phones and ATAs

http://ofps.oreilly.com/titles/9780596517342/ Table 9.1. Internationalization cheat sheet What to change Where to change it •IP phones—on the phone itself Call progress tones •ATAs—on the ATA itself •Analog phones—DAHDI (/etc/dahdi/system.conf) DAHDI—/etc/dahdi/system.conf and Type of PRI/BRI and protocol /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf •Balun if required for PRI Physical PSTN connections •Get the analog pair to middle 2 pins of the RJ11 connecting to the Digium card Caller ID on analog circuits Asterisk—/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf •Channel—/etc/asterisk/sip.conf, /etc/asterisk/iax.conf, Prompt language and/or accent /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf, etc. •Dialplan—CHANNEL(language) function Voicemail time/date stamps and pronunciation Asterisk—/etc/asterisk/voicemail.conf Asterisk—/etc/asterisk/indications.conf Tones delivered by Asterisk

May all your Elastixdeployments feel at home!

TeleSpeak Trainingdavid.duffett@telespeak.co.uk Thank you

Making asterisk feel like home outside north america

by Palosanto Solutions on Nov 19, 2011

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