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Darwin in the City: How Civilization Drives Evolution
- 1. Darwin in the City: How Civilization Drives Evolution Carl Zimmer Director’s Lecture Series The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University March 24, 2014
- 5. Colliery John Wilson Carmichael - A View of Murton Colliery near Seaham, County Durham 1843
- 7. “…Most creationists and most evolutionists are well aware by now of the fall of the evolutionist’s icon, the peppered moth, which for many years had adorned the pages of introductory biology textbooks as the prime example of ‘evolution in action.’ Its removal has also been accompanied by a sad exposure of the world of scientific academia as often a world of pettiness, inordinate rivalry, and tender egos, sometimes tempting to near-fraud in the ‘tweaking’ of reported results.”
- 8. Naturally hidden Photo by Michael Majerus
- 9. Naturally hidden Photo by Michael Majerus
- 10. Cook L M et al. Biol. Lett. 2012;8:609-612
- 11. Genetics: one mutation arises van t’Hof et al, Science 2011 The Dark-Moth Gene
- 12. Over 100 British moth species with industrial melanic morphs Majerus, Evolution Education and Outreach 2008
- 13. Cook, Quarterly Review of Biology 2003 Evolution in reverse
- 14. Raven et al, Biology Fifth Edition Textbook Evolution
- 15. Colliery John Wilson Carmichael - A View of Murton Colliery near Seaham, County Durham 1843
- 16. Darwin saw human effects mostly in terms of dogs. George Stubbs (Yale Gallery of Art)
- 17. Evolution beyond our time, deep time, or in nature From Zimmer, The Tangled Bank (2nd Ed.) Evolution Long Ago…
- 18. Galapagos Islands (Daphne Minor) …And Evolution Far Away
- 19. Darwin's finches
- 20. Grants Peter and Rosemary Grant
- 21. From Zimmer, The Tangled Bank (2nd Ed.)
- 23. Peromyscus leucopus J.N. Stuart flic.kr/p/6wZdCe
- 24. Actually, civilization is a global evolutionary force-- Changed the landscape
- 25. Graph: nycevolution.org (Jason Munshi-South) Image Arthur Rackham via Wikipedia Signs of City Adaptation in Mice
- 27. Munshi-South & Kharchenko. 2010. Mol. Ecol. 19:4242-54. City Parks As Mouse Islands
- 28. The Origin of Species: HIV
- 29. From Zimmer, TheTangled Bank (Second Edition)
- 30. Where? From Zimmer, TheTangled Bank (Second Edition)
- 32. Sharp & Hahn 2008, Nature.
- 33. When? From Zimmer, TheTangled Bank (Second Edition)
- 34. Tissues preserved in paraffin from Kinshasa hospitals, 1959
- 35. Worobey et al, Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):661-4.
- 36. early 1900s From Zimmer, TheTangled Bank (Second Edition)
- 37. how? From Zimmer, TheTangled Bank (Second Edition)
- 38. Sharp & Hahn 2008, Nature.
- 39. Sharp & Hahn 2008, Nature. 1896 ca. 1955 Kinshasa (Leopoldville)
- 42. Corn bug Sarah Zukoff flic.kr/p/fCt4zt Corn Rootworm
- 43. Gassmann et al PNAS 2014
- 44. Todd Moon flic.kr/p/6o7zcD South Center Lake, Minnesota
- 45. Frisch et al, Ecology Letters 2013 Resurrecting water fleas
- 47. From Zimmer, The Tangled Bank (2nd Ed.)
- 48. Wikipedia
- 49. From Zimmer, The Tangled Bank (2nd Ed.)
- 50. The Evolution of Invaders
- 51. Jason Hollinger flic.kr/p/2xV7mw Knotweed! Polygonum cespitosum
- 52. Sultan et al, Evolutionary Applications 2013 6:266 2005 seeds 1994 seeds
- 53. Natural Human-drivenNatural Adapted from Hendry et al Molecular Ecology 2008 17:20
- 54. Adapted from Hendry et al Molecular Ecology 2008 17:20 Natural Human-drivenNatural Human-dominated
- 56. ecotope.org
- 60. Adapted to cold…
- 61. Adapted to heat?
- 62. Freeze-sensitive wild thyme is becoming more common in France (Thompson et al PNAS 2013 110:2893)
- 63. Sekercioglu,et al 2008. Conservation Biology 220:140
- 64. Ordovician 443 million years ago 86% of all species extinct Devonian 359 million years ago 75% Permian 251 million years ago 96% Triassic 200 million years ago 80% Cretaceous 65 million years ago 76% Anthropocene? Now? ??? Barnosky et al, Nature 2011 The Sixth Mass Extinction?
- 65. Cook, Quarterly Review of Biology 2003 Evolution in reverse
- 66. Thank you For more information, please visit carlzimmer.com
- 67. The World Is Human-Dominated, But Scientists Are Missing It Martin et al., Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2012 10: 195–201
- 69. Birds by the roadside: behavior
- 70. Humans being shaped by our own evolution
- 71. FIGURE 6.24 Humans domesticated cattle in both East Africa (left) and Northern Europe (right) several thousand years ago • In both places, mutations arose that enabled humans to digest milk as adults • These mutations spread rapidly because they raised fitness
- 72. Masai
- 73. German cowherd
- 74. linkage dis
- 75. Mosquito
- 77. Mosquito graph
- 79. Penicillin
- 80. Figure 1. Brown & Brown (2013). Source: Current Biology , Volume 23, Issue 6, Pages R233-R234 (DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2013.02.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions (Charles Brown, Mary B. Brown / Current Biology)
- 82. antibiotics