Testing in an Agile Context 2011

Testing in an Agile Context “What he needs is some way to pay back. Not some way to borrow more.” - Will Rogers Chris Sterling VP of Engineering AgileEVM Inc. Web: www.AgileEVM.com Email: chris@agileevm.com Blog: www.GettingAgile.com Follow Me on Twitter: @csterwa Hash Tag for Presentation: #swdebtWednesday, June 8, 2011

Chris Sterling – Sterling Barton, LLC Partner, Sterling Barton, LLC Author of Book “Managing Software Debt: Building for Inevitable Change” Consults on software technology, Agile technical practices, Scrum, and effective management techniques Email: chris@sterlingbarton.com Web: http://www.agileevm.com Certiﬁed Scrum Trainer Blog: http://www.gettingagile.com Follow me on Twitter: @csterwa Innovation Games® Trained Facilitator Open Source Developer © 2009-2010, 2Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Presentation Agenda Agile - Find Issues Earlier Effects of Quality Debt Deﬁnition of Done Quality Dashboard Agile Test and Integration Strategies Acceptance Test-Driven Development Test-Driven Design Agile Regression Test Triangle Conﬁguration Management Debt Strategy Questions and Answers © 2009-2010, 3Wednesday, June 8, 2011

“Stuff” Rolls Down Hill... Requirements Specification Design Construction Testing (Validation) This is too late to ﬁnd issues Integration and respond effectively Maintenance © 2009-2010, 5Wednesday, June 8, 2011

The Agile Manifesto* We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value: Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.” Kent Beck James Grenning Robert C. Martin Mike Beedle Jim Highsmith Steve Mellor Arie van Bennekum Andrew Hunt Ken Schwaber Alistair Cockburn Ron Jeffries Jeff Sutherland Ward Cunningham Jon Kern Dave Thomas Martin Fowler Brian Marick 55 6 © 2009-2010, * www.agilemanifesto.orgWednesday, June 8, 2011

Principles Behind the Agile Manifesto* 1. Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software. 2. Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customers competitive advantage. 3. Deliver working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale. 4. Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project. 5. Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done. 6. The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation. 7. Working software is the primary measure of progress. 8. Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely. 9. Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility. 10. Simplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential. 11. The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams. 12. At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and © 2009-2010, adjusts its behavior accordingly. 56 7 * www.agilemanifesto.org/principlesWednesday, June 8, 2011

Effects of Quality Debt “Promises make debt, and debt makes promises.” - Dutch Proverb 9Wednesday, June 8, 2011

“For every [dollar] of competitive advantage gained by cutting quality, it costs $4 to restore it; and software is an organizational asset and decisions to cut quality must be made by executive management and reﬂected in the ﬁnancial statements.” - Ken Schwaber © 2009-2010, 11Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Deﬁnition of Done Deﬁnes work products that will be delivered with each feature as it is ready for acceptance. Typical entries... Code includes unit tests, reviewed, checked in Tests described and executed Build, release notes Compliance documentation updated to include current functionality Example of “average” DoD What else? © 2009-2010, 17Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Definition of Done as a Compliance Checklist Acceptance defined criteria for each Code checked in with reference to user story US#/Task# Unit tests written and passed Tested on FE Code compiles with no errors and no Integration test written & passes warnings Test code reviewed New code doesn’t break existing code Environment requirements documented Test case review (Dev to review test case written) Interface document updated/added and checked in to SVN Architectural impact assessed and artifacts updated if necessary Acceptance criteria verified complete Comments in code All P1-P3 bugs for the story are closed Error codes added Test approves user story Code reviewed by peer Story demonstrated to product owner © 2009-2010, 18Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Another Deﬁnition of Done Example Story and Unit Tests Functional Acceptance Build System Task Status Passed Tests Passed Tests Passed Compiles Updated Story Code Code Code is Code Meets Published to Implements Comments Reviewed Standards Dev Server Logging Updated Product Past Product No Compile Demo Owner Acceptance Owner Warnings in Prepared Sprint Demo Tests Passed Acceptance Code Bugs Deployment Release Code Committed in Docs Notes Repository Sprint Resolved Updated Updated is Tagged Release to Deployment Deployment Release Stage Testing Docs Notes Release Server Passed Delivered Delivered Infrastructure Integrated Build Change Notes Stress Testing Requirements Delivered Passed Met © 2009-2010, 19Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Test-Driven Design (TDD) Lets go through an example session using TDD to drive the implementation of a user story to meeting its acceptance criteria. 23Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Jitter – Example TDD Session Fake micro-blogging tool named “Jitter” is made by Seattle- based ﬁctitious company that focuses on enabling coffee injected folks to write short messages and have common online messaging shorthand expanded for easy reading. The user story we are working on is: So it is easier to read their kid’s messages, Mothers want to automatically expand common shorthand notation The acceptance criteria for this user story are: LOL, AFAIK, and TTYL are expandable Expand lower and upper case versions of shorthand © 2009-2010, 24Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Expand LOL to “laughing out loud” public class WhenMotherWantsToExpandMessagesThatContainShorthandTest { @Test public void shouldExpandLOLToLaughingOutLoud() { JitterSession session = mock(JitterSession.class); when(session.getNextMessage()).thenReturn("Expand LOL please"); MessageExpander expander = new MessageExpander(session); assertThat(expander.getNextMessage(), equalTo("Expand laughing out loud please")); } } © 2009-2010, 25Wednesday, June 8, 2011

But wait…what if…? What if LOL is written in lower case? What if it is written as “Lol”? Should it be expanded? What if some variation of LOL is inside a word? What if characters surrounding LOL are symbols, not letters? Write these down as upcoming programmer tests as comments so I don’t forget them. // shouldExpandLOLIfLowerCase // shouldNotExpandLOLIfMixedCase // shouldNotExpandLOLIfInsideWord // shouldExpandIfSurroundingCharactersAreNotLetters © 2009-2010, 26Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Expand LOL If Lower Case @Test public void shouldExpandLOLIfLowerCase() { when(session.getNextMessage()).thenReturn("Expand lol please"); MessageExpander expander = new MessageExpander(session); assertThat(expander.getNextMessage(), equalTo("Expand laughing out loud please")); } This forced use of java.util.regex.Pattern to handle case insensitivity. public String getNextMessage() { String msg = session.getNextMessage(); return Pattern.compile("LOL”, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE) .matcher(msg).replaceAll("laughing out loud"); } © 2009-2010, 27Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Don’t Expand “Lol” – Mixed-Case @Test public void shouldNotExpandLOLIfMixedCase() { String msg = "Do not expand Lol please"; when(session.getNextMessage()).thenReturn(msg); MessageExpander expander = new MessageExpander(session); assertThat(expander.getNextMessage(), equalTo(msg)); } This forced me to stop using Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE ﬂag in pattern compilation. Only use “LOL” or “lol” for now. public String getNextMessage() { String msg = session.getNextMessage(); return Pattern.compile("LOL|lol").matcher(msg) .replaceAll("laughing out loud"); } © 2009-2010, 28Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Don’t Expand “LOL” If Inside Word @Test public void shouldNotExpandLOLIfInsideWord() { String msg = "Do not expand PLOL or LOLP or PLOLP please"; when(session.getNextMessage()).thenReturn(msg); MessageExpander expander = new MessageExpander(session); assertThat(expander.getNextMessage(), equalTo(msg)); } The pattern matching is now modiﬁed to use spaces around each variation of valid LOL shorthand. return Pattern.compile("sLOLs|slols").matcher(msg) .replaceAll("laughing out loud"); © 2009-2010, 29Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Expand “LOL” If Not Inside Word @Test public void shouldExpandIfSurroundingCharactersAreNotLetters() { when(session.getNextMessage()).thenReturn("Expand .lol! please"); MessageExpander expander = new MessageExpander(session); assertThat(expander.getNextMessage(), equalTo("Expand .laughing out loud! please")); } Final implementation of pattern matching code: return Pattern.compile("bLOLb|blolb").matcher(msg) .replaceAll("laughing out loud"); © 2009-2010, 30Wednesday, June 8, 2011

The Agile Regression Testing Triangle* Automated Unit Tests Make up largest portion of regression tests and are developed by programmers © 2009-2010, * The Agile Triangle has been modiﬁed from Mike Cohn’s original version 31Wednesday, June 8, 2011

The Agile Regression Testing Triangle* Integration Tests Automated & Exploratory Automated Unit Tests Make up largest portion of regression tests and are developed by programmers © 2009-2010, * The Agile Triangle has been modiﬁed from Mike Cohn’s original version 31Wednesday, June 8, 2011

The Agile Regression Testing Triangle*Smoke++ TestsRisk-based UI & Integration Tests API Automated Automated & Tests Exploratory Automated Unit Tests Make up largest portion of regression tests and are developed by programmers © 2009-2010, * The Agile Triangle has been modiﬁed from Mike Cohn’s original version 31Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Conﬁguration Management Debt “If releases are like giving birth, then you must be doing something wrong.” - Robert Beneﬁeld 32Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Thank you Questions and Answers 34Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Chris Sterling – Sterling Barton, LLC Partner, Sterling Barton, LLC Author of Book “Managing Software Debt: Building for Inevitable Change” Consults on software technology, Agile technical practices, Scrum, and effective management techniques Email: chris@sterlingbarton.com Web: http://www.agileevm.com Certiﬁed Scrum Trainer Blog: http://www.gettingagile.com Follow me on Twitter: @csterwa Innovation Games® Trained Facilitator Open Source Developer © 2009-2010, 35Wednesday, June 8, 2011

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Testing in an Agile Context 2011

by Chris Sterling on Jun 09, 2011

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Testing in an Agile Context 2011 — Presentation Transcript