2. What is Imagism?
A poetic movement established in1912
by American and English poets Ezra
Pound, Hilda Doolittle, Richard Aldington,
and F. S. Flint
Inspired by the critical views of T.E.
Hulme, in response to the careless
thought and Romantic optimism he saw
prevailing in the literary arena.
3. …continued
Led by Ezra Pound, this poetic movement
was part of a poetic insurgence against
genteel poetry, which was overly
sentimental and emotionally dishonest.
Imagist poets believed that Romantic art
was oveexcessively subjective, and
argued for a renewed emphasis on the
object-like nature of the art-work.
Imagists penned concise verses with dry
piercing clarity, exacting visual images and
imagery.
4. Key Works
Imagist publications
Des Imagistes, 1914;
Some Imagists, 1915, 1916, 1917
The magazines Poetry (from 1912) and
The Egoist (from 1914)
5. Influences on Imagism
Imagist poems were influenced by
Japanese haiku poems of seventeen
syllables which usually present only
two juxtaposed images.
This poetry strives to suggests more
than its literal meaning, yet avoids
overt figurative devices like allegories
and metaphors.
6. Influences on Imagism
Ezra Pound’s poem “In a Station of the
Metro” is a clear example of Japanese
influence. Pound states, “I wrote a thirty-
line poem, and destroyed it because it was
what we call work 'of second intensity.'“ Six
months later I made a poem half that
length; a year later I made the following
hokku-like sentence:—
“The apparition of these faces in the crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.”
7. Influences on Imagism
According to the modernist principle of
"making it new," Pound does not copy
haiku, but adapts it to the modern world.
Other ancient short forms were "made
new" by the imagists, most notably the
four-line Chinese lyric and the short poems
and fragments from ancient Greece
collected in the Greek Anthology.
8. From “A Retrospect” by Ezra
Pound
1. Direct treatment of the ‘thing,’ whether
subjective or objective.
2. To use absolutely no word that did not
contribute to the presentation.
3. As regarding rhythm: to compose in
sequence of the musical phrase, not in
sequence of the metronome.
9. Ezra Pound on Imagism
4. An 'Image' is that which presents an
intellectual and emotional complex in
an instant of time.
5. It is better to present one Image in a
lifetime than to produce voluminous
works.
6. Use no superfluous word, no
adjective which does not reveal
something.
10. Pound continued
7. Do not intertwine an abstraction with the
concrete. This mistake comes from the
writer not realizing that the natural
object is always the adequate symbol.
8. Do not retell in mediocre verse what has
already been done in good prose.
9. Don't be descriptive; remember that the
painter can describe a landscape much
better than you can, and that he has to
know a good deal more about it.
11. Amy Lowell: Imagism is
presentation not representation.
“Imagism, then, is a particular
school, springing up within a larger,
more comprehensive movement, the
[Modern American Poetry]
Movement. We can safely claim it to
be a ‘renaissance,’ a re-birth of the
spirit of truth and beauty. It means a
re-discovery of beauty in our modern
world, and the originality and
honesty to affirm that beauty in
whatever manner is native to the
poet.”
12. Amy Lowell on Imagism
To use the language of common speech, but to
employ always the exact word, not the nearly-
exact, nor the merely decorative word.
To create new rhythms -as the expression of new
moods -- and not to copy old rhythms, which
merely echo old moods. The individuality of a poet
may often be better expressed in free-verse than
in conventional forms. In poetry a new cadence
means a new idea.
To allow absolute freedom in the choice of
subject.
To present an image (hence the name: "Imagist").
Poetry should render particulars exactly and not
deal in vague generalities, however magnificent
and sonorous.
To produce poetry that is hard and clear, never
