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1.
2. An endangered species is any plant or animal
species that is in danger of extinction in the near
future, either because its populations have fallen
to very low levels or because it only occurs
naturally in very few, rare habitats.
An endangered species has been put under
pressure by different factors within the
surrounding environment, such as deforestation
(the destruction of habitat) and poaching (for
sport, etc.). It is these factors and more which
make an endangered species, endangered.
3. VULNERABLE SPECIES
• A species particularly at risk
because of low or declining
numbers or small range, but
now a threatened species
4. • A species whose population is not
yet low enough to be in immediate
danger of extinction, but who
certainly faces serious problems.
If the problems affecting these
species aren’t resolved, it is
probable that the species will
become endangered.
5. A species, plant or animal,
that is in immediate danger
of becoming extinct. Its
numbers are usually low,
and it needs protection in
order to survive.
12. • According to scientists. More than one and a half million
species exist on the Earth today. However, recent
estimates state that at least 20 times that many species
inhabit the planet.
• There are more than 1,000 animal species endangered
worldwide.
• There are more than 3,500 protected areas in existence
worldwide. These areas include parks, wildlife refuges
and other reserves. They cover a total of nearly 2 million
square miles or 3% of our total land area.
• The current global extinction rate is estimated at 20,000
species per year.
13. THE PRIMARY CAUSES OF SPECIES
EXTINCTION OR ENDANGEMENT ARE :
•Habitat destruction - deforestation
•Commercial exploitation – plant
collecting, hunting and various other
trades.
•Damage caused by non-native plants and
animals introduced into an area.
•Pollution – oil spills and air pollutions
14. • Species become extinct or endangered for a
number of reasons, but the primary cause is the
destruction of habitat by human activities. As
species evolve, most adapt to a specific habitat
or environment that best meets their survival
needs. Without this habitat the species may not
survive.
• Pollution, drainage of wetlands, conversion of
shrub-lands to grazing lands, cutting and clearing
of forests, urbanization, coral-reef destruction,
road and dam construction have destroyed or
seriously damaged and fragmented available
15. • A species that faces over exploitation is one that
may become severely endangered or even
extinct due to the rate in which the species is
being used. Unrestricted whaling during the 20th
century is an example of over exploitation.
• Worldwide commercial exploitation of animals for
food and other products has caused many
species to become extinct or endangered.
• Over-hunting has lead to the extinction of the
great auk, and the passenger pigeon, and puts
many other species under great pressure.
16. • Non-native species introduced into a new
ecosystem have caused serious native species
declines. The non-native, or exotic, species may
be introduced either accidentally or intentionally,
and either out-compete the native species, or
prey on them.
• Native plants and animals may have no defenses
against these invaders, which can exterminate,
or greatly reduce, the populations of many native
species. The damaging effects are generally
irreversible, and there is often no way to keep
the damage from spreading.
17. • Pollution is another important cause of extinction. Toxic
chemicals, especially chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have become
concentrated in food webs, the inter-connected food
chains that circulate energy through an ecosystem.
These toxic chemicals strongly affect species towards the
top of the food chain.
• Water pollution and increased water temperatures have
wiped out endemic species of fish in many habitats. Oil
spills destroy birds, fish and mammals, and may
contaminate the ocean floor for many years after the
event.
• Acid rain, the toxic result of extreme air pollution, has
18. • Don’t buy anything that has been poached upon. If
enough people refrain from demanding such goods, then
there is less profit for the poachers. Therefore, they will
hunt less, and so some endangered species will be
saved.
• Do not litter, and frequently recycle, as this will help to
reduce the intoxication of our endangered species.
• Protest and argue against things that may destroy a
particular species.
• Sponsor animals.
• Donate to charities involved with helping with the
preservation of endangered species.
• Participate in charitable projects.
