This document discusses the importance and widespread use of radio in developing nations. It notes that radio is affordable, portable, and overcomes issues of illiteracy and lack of electrification. Radio ownership dwarfs other communication technologies in many places. The document provides examples of how radio saves lives through disaster warnings, and helps rebuild communities after emergencies by providing vital information. It also discusses how radio ownership has grown significantly in many nations over the past 20 years as the technology has become cheaper and regulations have liberalized.
This document outlines the key benchmarks of a healthy community radio station. These include having a clear mission understood by all staff, an engaged audience, a distinct voice, independence and adherence to journalism standards, local content, strong leadership that empowers staff, ongoing evaluation, open stakeholder relations, financial independence, an active board, and a written code of ethics. Effective stations also have a culture of self-criticism to continuously improve and give community members a platform to discuss issues and hold officials accountable. Local radio can significantly impact conditions like poverty, disease, and corruption through relevant programming.
Radio Zibonele is a community radio station located in Khayelitsha, South Africa that began broadcasting illegally in 1993. It serves over 700,000 residents with programming focused on community health, education, and participation. The station has a clear mission of improving health standards and empowering the community. It produces content like health discussions, exam reviews, and arts programming. Radio Zibonele also actively works to solve community problems both on air and off air. It is supported by advertising and sponsors and involves volunteers alongside a small full-time staff.
This document discusses community radio as a tool for development. It provides background on community radio, including definitions and principles like access, participation, and community ownership. It discusses examples of community radio initiatives in India and other countries. It outlines the role community radio can play in areas like education, agriculture, disaster management, and gender empowerment. It also examines case studies of specific community radio programs in India and how they engage local communities.
Community radio stations provide important services for rural development in Bangladesh. There are currently 14 approved community radio stations and another 22 awaiting approval. Community radio facilitates information sharing, gives voice to marginalized groups, and enables development dialogues. It is owned and controlled by local people, allowing it to be highly participatory and well-attuned to local needs, challenges, and opportunities. Community radio is strengthening bonds between radio stations and local communities, and is becoming an integral part of rural life. The ultimate goals are to promote access to resources, fairer institutions, participation, and an enabling environment for rural communities.
Charles Chikapa : The role of community radio in climate adaptationAfricaAdapt
The document discusses the role of community radio in climate adaptation in Malawi. It describes how the Africa Farm Radio Research Initiative partnered with Dzimwe Community Radio to improve farm radio programming and provide technological advice to enhance food security and farming practices. Through participatory radio campaigns on improved maize varieties, the partnership saw increased adoption rates and knowledge of improved technologies among smallholder farmers. The lessons learned demonstrate the potential of community radio to disseminate information to rural communities and improve climate adaptation in agriculture.
Community radio (CR) is characterized by ownership and programming by a nonprofit organization that serves a specific community. CR aims for community participation in all aspects of programming and operations. It provides benefits like social inclusion, promoting local values, and serving as a platform for marginalized groups. CR stations in India must be at least 3 years old, have community ownership and management, and generate at least 50% locally produced content involving community participation. While CR is growing in India, the document discusses best practices, the licensing process, and a vision for expanding CR's role in creating an inclusive information society.
Community radio (CR) is characterized by ownership and control by a nonprofit organization whose structure provides for participation by local community members in management, operation, programming, and evaluation. CR programming is based on community access and participation and reflects the interests and needs of the listeners it serves. Benefits of CR include promoting democracy, social inclusion, local values and culture, and giving voice to marginalized groups. CR stations aim for social and financial sustainability through low-cost solutions and innovative programming. Indian policy guidelines require CR stations to serve a defined local community and include at least 50% community-generated content. The road ahead envisions over 4000 CR stations across India to create an inclusive information society.
This document outlines the key benchmarks of a healthy community radio station. These include having a clear mission understood by all staff, an engaged audience, a distinct voice, independence and adherence to journalism standards, local content, strong leadership that empowers staff, ongoing evaluation, open stakeholder relations, financial independence, an active board, and a written code of ethics. Effective stations also have a culture of self-criticism to continuously improve and give community members a platform to discuss issues and hold officials accountable. Local radio can significantly impact conditions like poverty, disease, and corruption through relevant programming.
Radio Zibonele is a community radio station located in Khayelitsha, South Africa that began broadcasting illegally in 1993. It serves over 700,000 residents with programming focused on community health, education, and participation. The station has a clear mission of improving health standards and empowering the community. It produces content like health discussions, exam reviews, and arts programming. Radio Zibonele also actively works to solve community problems both on air and off air. It is supported by advertising and sponsors and involves volunteers alongside a small full-time staff.
This document discusses community radio as a tool for development. It provides background on community radio, including definitions and principles like access, participation, and community ownership. It discusses examples of community radio initiatives in India and other countries. It outlines the role community radio can play in areas like education, agriculture, disaster management, and gender empowerment. It also examines case studies of specific community radio programs in India and how they engage local communities.
Community radio stations provide important services for rural development in Bangladesh. There are currently 14 approved community radio stations and another 22 awaiting approval. Community radio facilitates information sharing, gives voice to marginalized groups, and enables development dialogues. It is owned and controlled by local people, allowing it to be highly participatory and well-attuned to local needs, challenges, and opportunities. Community radio is strengthening bonds between radio stations and local communities, and is becoming an integral part of rural life. The ultimate goals are to promote access to resources, fairer institutions, participation, and an enabling environment for rural communities.
Charles Chikapa : The role of community radio in climate adaptationAfricaAdapt
The document discusses the role of community radio in climate adaptation in Malawi. It describes how the Africa Farm Radio Research Initiative partnered with Dzimwe Community Radio to improve farm radio programming and provide technological advice to enhance food security and farming practices. Through participatory radio campaigns on improved maize varieties, the partnership saw increased adoption rates and knowledge of improved technologies among smallholder farmers. The lessons learned demonstrate the potential of community radio to disseminate information to rural communities and improve climate adaptation in agriculture.
Community radio (CR) is characterized by ownership and programming by a nonprofit organization that serves a specific community. CR aims for community participation in all aspects of programming and operations. It provides benefits like social inclusion, promoting local values, and serving as a platform for marginalized groups. CR stations in India must be at least 3 years old, have community ownership and management, and generate at least 50% locally produced content involving community participation. While CR is growing in India, the document discusses best practices, the licensing process, and a vision for expanding CR's role in creating an inclusive information society.
Community radio (CR) is characterized by ownership and control by a nonprofit organization whose structure provides for participation by local community members in management, operation, programming, and evaluation. CR programming is based on community access and participation and reflects the interests and needs of the listeners it serves. Benefits of CR include promoting democracy, social inclusion, local values and culture, and giving voice to marginalized groups. CR stations aim for social and financial sustainability through low-cost solutions and innovative programming. Indian policy guidelines require CR stations to serve a defined local community and include at least 50% community-generated content. The road ahead envisions over 4000 CR stations across India to create an inclusive information society.
Community radio can be an effective mechanism for community education in Bangladesh. It provides lifelong learning opportunities through various educational programs on topics like health, agriculture, and disaster preparedness. Community radio stations involve local communities in content production and aim to disseminate knowledge while addressing cognitive and affective factors to facilitate behavioral changes. There are currently 16 operational community radio stations in Bangladesh reaching over 5.5 million people, with plans to launch 16 more stations. Challenges include ensuring programming has practical objectives and economic significance based on community needs and available resources.
Presentation by Bill Siemering, President of Developing Radio Partners, Annenberg Research Network on International Communication, USC, Oct. 18th, 2007
The role of radio broadcasting in public enlightenment (a case study of port...Newman Enyioko
This document summarizes a study on the role of radio broadcasting in public enlightenment in Port Harcourt Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study found that radio broadcasting has been effective in improving awareness and knowledge around issues like culture, rural development, education, hygiene, sanitation, agriculture, and local governance. It has also helped facilitate communication between community leaders and members. Additionally, radio broadcasting was shown to help promote small businesses by creating marketing opportunities and improving sales and incomes. The study recommends obtaining regular feedback from listeners to better understand their preferences and needs.
The document summarizes efforts to facilitate networking among women journalists living with HIV/AIDS in Eastern and Southern Africa. It discusses how the Panos Global AIDS Programme worked with existing media networks to provide support for journalists living with HIV/AIDS, especially women. Through training and networking opportunities, over 25 journalists living with HIV/AIDS, including 8 women in Southern Africa and 25 including 10 women in Eastern Africa, were able to connect and address stigma in the media sector. This has helped organizations like newspapers in Zimbabwe and radio stations in Kenya develop HIV/AIDS workplace policies and programming.
Abstract:
Man got civilized with exchange of information and freedom of expression among groups and masses over the period of time. The mainstream media especially public service broadcaster has tried to reach maximum socially and geographically in the country but did not reach to local expectation of the community and that’s why community radio came into existence as an alternative media. Whatever happens, happens for good, now, government realized the need of community radio within the geography and started allocating spectrum to the need base community so that community becomes responsible and accountable to each other including governments and empowered the community to get participative & live life democratically.
The radio today, is the effective source of information but to most of us it is a passion to get participative in the community at a large. India is a multi dimensional country in terms of population, culture, religion, ethnicity, perception and belief systems, therefore, the terrain of some of the areas is difficult, making them almost inaccessible and by far cut off from the mainstream and similar could be the case of community radios within the capacity limit. Therefore, Akashvani(AIR) has had the challenge of reaching out to even far flung of regions, hence both public service broadcaster and alternate media seems to be at a nascent yet promising and prospective stage, ripe of proper documentation and development of global tools and processes in this digital world. For now, integration remains an ad-hoc and highly individual enterprise. It is important to continue to document and share need based success & failure approach of public service broadcaster and community radios to enable successful adoption of new incarnations by community radio stations.
Distance to key services can impact quality of life in rural areas. In Norfolk, some rural settlements have greater distances to services like GPs, dentists, and banks. Specifically, certain areas are over 10km from essential services, highlighting geographic isolation issues. Improving access to services is important to reduce social exclusion, especially for those relying on public transport.
This document discusses the potential for local FM and community radio to promote health and development goals. It provides an overview of definitions of local/community radio, emphasizing participation and social integration. While definitions vary, most involve some community participation. Local radio is effective for development because it is cost-efficient, uses local languages and culture, and can reach large audiences, especially in rural areas with high illiteracy. Studies show radio can impact behaviors like contraceptive use. Local radio is flourishing as technology has made stations easier and cheaper to establish.
The document outlines the vision, mission, values and promise of the SABC to serve as a public broadcaster focused on total citizen empowerment in South Africa. It discusses setting the scene for the SABC's social report, including introductory comments and a statement by the Group Chief Executive Officer emphasizing the SABC's role in nation-building, democracy, and empowering citizens. It then highlights key findings from interviews with citizens who have benefited from expanded television and radio access, including positive impacts on health awareness, cultural understanding, and community connections.
The document discusses localism and the Big Society agenda in rural communities in England. It notes that rural areas have higher levels of civic engagement and volunteerism compared to urban areas. An estimated £3 billion worth of community assets are run by local volunteers in rural villages. The Localism Bill aims to empower local communities through measures like neighborhood planning, community rights, and decentralizing decision making. Parish and town councils are seen as important leaders and enablers for rural communities to take advantage of the new localism policies. Upcoming government initiatives like a rural growth review and rural statement will further impact rural areas.
Radio is a way to send electromagnetic signals over a long distance, to deliver information from one place to another. A machine that sends radio signals is called a transmitter, while a machine that "picks up" the signals is called a receiver or antenna. A machine that does both jobs is a "transceiver". When radio signals are sent out to many receivers at the same time, it is called a broadcast.
Local radio in Portland has 2.2 million listeners in the metro area and southwest Washington. The largest demographic is 35-44 years old at 22%, followed by 25-34 years old at 19%. Time spent listening to radio exceeds all other forms of audio entertainment combined. Radio reaches 8 out of 10 people aged 18-34 daily, more than newspapers and magazines. Local radio helped raise over $20 million for local charities in 2010. Radio and digital media form a dynamic partnership, with each adapting to better reach audiences.
The Rural Voices Network has completed the first phase of their project to understand rural Ontario better. They held 7 public forums across the province to gather citizen voices on challenges in rural communities. These findings will now form the basis for an online public survey to confirm and expand on barriers to rural civic engagement. The goal is to help governments and organizations improve how they serve rural areas.
Presentation- Overview of STAR-Ghana Media WorkstreamLamisi Dabire
This document summarizes STAR-Ghana's media work from 2010-2014. It provided over $3.9 million in grants and capacity building to media organizations to strengthen their collaboration with civil society and advocate for greater transparency and accountability in governance. 21 media organizations received grants totaling $2 million to produce issue-based coverage across health, oil and gas, education, and other sectors. This support helped media organizations more effectively convey citizen voices and influence government actions. While progress was made, challenges remain like weak media laws and organizational structures that limit specialization and grant management. Overall, STAR-Ghana found that with proper support, media can engage in important advocacy while moving past sensationalism.
Local radio in Portland has 2.2 million listeners in the metro area, with the largest demographics being ages 35-44 and 25-34. Time spent listening to radio exceeds all other forms of audio entertainment combined. Radio reaches 8 out of 10 people ages 18-34 daily, more than newspapers and magazines. Local radio stations helped raise over $20 million for local charities in 2010. Radio and digital media form a dynamic partnership, with digital platforms adapting to radio and radio expanding its reach through digital.
The document discusses strategies for improving information, education and communication (IEC) approaches for rural development programmes in India. It notes that past IEC efforts have faced challenges due to heterogeneous target groups and programme objectives. It calls for developing programme-specific, target-specific and area-specific IEC strategies. It proposes establishing project management units at state and block levels to coordinate IEC activities and develop local language content and materials. Regular village meetings, screening of films, and mobilizing volunteers are recommended to disseminate information at the community level.
The document discusses sanitation issues in South Africa from the perspective of the Western Cape Religious Leaders' Forum (WCRLF). It notes that over 400,000 people in Cape Town alone lack basic sanitation. Inadequate sanitation exacerbates health issues and crime rates in poor communities. The WCRLF has organized visits to informal settlements to witness conditions and advocate for improved sanitation. They call on government and civil society to prioritize addressing the backlog of sanitation needs.
1) A nonprofit organization called HELP used 3M Littmann Electronic Stethoscope Model 4100WS to provide telemedicine services to tsunami survivors in India.
2) The stethoscope reduced ambient noise by 75% and allowed clear transmission of lung and heart sounds to doctors in the US, enabling remote diagnosis of conditions like tuberculosis.
3) The stethoscope's recording and transmission capabilities helped overcome challenges of providing medical care in remote, noisy environments and allowed specialists to evaluate patients and medical histories remotely.
Roles and Functions of Mass Media Cape 2024DamianLewis12
Mass media plays an important role in the Caribbean region by informing, educating, and entertaining audiences. It also has the responsibility to provide accurate information in a timely manner. Mass media helps develop Caribbean culture through regional programming and portraying Caribbean life to the world. It facilitates the flow of economic and political information and provides feedback to governments. Mass media depicts changing social roles and is used in formal education, religion, and socialization. Regional media organizations like CBU, CANA, and CARIBVISION work to share news and programming across the Caribbean.
Community radio can be an effective mechanism for community education in Bangladesh. It provides lifelong learning opportunities through various educational programs on topics like health, agriculture, and disaster preparedness. Community radio stations involve local communities in content production and aim to disseminate knowledge while addressing cognitive and affective factors to facilitate behavioral changes. There are currently 16 operational community radio stations in Bangladesh reaching over 5.5 million people, with plans to launch 16 more stations. Challenges include ensuring programming has practical objectives and economic significance based on community needs and available resources.
Presentation by Bill Siemering, President of Developing Radio Partners, Annenberg Research Network on International Communication, USC, Oct. 18th, 2007
The role of radio broadcasting in public enlightenment (a case study of port...Newman Enyioko
This document summarizes a study on the role of radio broadcasting in public enlightenment in Port Harcourt Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study found that radio broadcasting has been effective in improving awareness and knowledge around issues like culture, rural development, education, hygiene, sanitation, agriculture, and local governance. It has also helped facilitate communication between community leaders and members. Additionally, radio broadcasting was shown to help promote small businesses by creating marketing opportunities and improving sales and incomes. The study recommends obtaining regular feedback from listeners to better understand their preferences and needs.
The document summarizes efforts to facilitate networking among women journalists living with HIV/AIDS in Eastern and Southern Africa. It discusses how the Panos Global AIDS Programme worked with existing media networks to provide support for journalists living with HIV/AIDS, especially women. Through training and networking opportunities, over 25 journalists living with HIV/AIDS, including 8 women in Southern Africa and 25 including 10 women in Eastern Africa, were able to connect and address stigma in the media sector. This has helped organizations like newspapers in Zimbabwe and radio stations in Kenya develop HIV/AIDS workplace policies and programming.
Abstract:
Man got civilized with exchange of information and freedom of expression among groups and masses over the period of time. The mainstream media especially public service broadcaster has tried to reach maximum socially and geographically in the country but did not reach to local expectation of the community and that’s why community radio came into existence as an alternative media. Whatever happens, happens for good, now, government realized the need of community radio within the geography and started allocating spectrum to the need base community so that community becomes responsible and accountable to each other including governments and empowered the community to get participative & live life democratically.
The radio today, is the effective source of information but to most of us it is a passion to get participative in the community at a large. India is a multi dimensional country in terms of population, culture, religion, ethnicity, perception and belief systems, therefore, the terrain of some of the areas is difficult, making them almost inaccessible and by far cut off from the mainstream and similar could be the case of community radios within the capacity limit. Therefore, Akashvani(AIR) has had the challenge of reaching out to even far flung of regions, hence both public service broadcaster and alternate media seems to be at a nascent yet promising and prospective stage, ripe of proper documentation and development of global tools and processes in this digital world. For now, integration remains an ad-hoc and highly individual enterprise. It is important to continue to document and share need based success & failure approach of public service broadcaster and community radios to enable successful adoption of new incarnations by community radio stations.
Distance to key services can impact quality of life in rural areas. In Norfolk, some rural settlements have greater distances to services like GPs, dentists, and banks. Specifically, certain areas are over 10km from essential services, highlighting geographic isolation issues. Improving access to services is important to reduce social exclusion, especially for those relying on public transport.
This document discusses the potential for local FM and community radio to promote health and development goals. It provides an overview of definitions of local/community radio, emphasizing participation and social integration. While definitions vary, most involve some community participation. Local radio is effective for development because it is cost-efficient, uses local languages and culture, and can reach large audiences, especially in rural areas with high illiteracy. Studies show radio can impact behaviors like contraceptive use. Local radio is flourishing as technology has made stations easier and cheaper to establish.
The document outlines the vision, mission, values and promise of the SABC to serve as a public broadcaster focused on total citizen empowerment in South Africa. It discusses setting the scene for the SABC's social report, including introductory comments and a statement by the Group Chief Executive Officer emphasizing the SABC's role in nation-building, democracy, and empowering citizens. It then highlights key findings from interviews with citizens who have benefited from expanded television and radio access, including positive impacts on health awareness, cultural understanding, and community connections.
The document discusses localism and the Big Society agenda in rural communities in England. It notes that rural areas have higher levels of civic engagement and volunteerism compared to urban areas. An estimated £3 billion worth of community assets are run by local volunteers in rural villages. The Localism Bill aims to empower local communities through measures like neighborhood planning, community rights, and decentralizing decision making. Parish and town councils are seen as important leaders and enablers for rural communities to take advantage of the new localism policies. Upcoming government initiatives like a rural growth review and rural statement will further impact rural areas.
Radio is a way to send electromagnetic signals over a long distance, to deliver information from one place to another. A machine that sends radio signals is called a transmitter, while a machine that "picks up" the signals is called a receiver or antenna. A machine that does both jobs is a "transceiver". When radio signals are sent out to many receivers at the same time, it is called a broadcast.
Local radio in Portland has 2.2 million listeners in the metro area and southwest Washington. The largest demographic is 35-44 years old at 22%, followed by 25-34 years old at 19%. Time spent listening to radio exceeds all other forms of audio entertainment combined. Radio reaches 8 out of 10 people aged 18-34 daily, more than newspapers and magazines. Local radio helped raise over $20 million for local charities in 2010. Radio and digital media form a dynamic partnership, with each adapting to better reach audiences.
The Rural Voices Network has completed the first phase of their project to understand rural Ontario better. They held 7 public forums across the province to gather citizen voices on challenges in rural communities. These findings will now form the basis for an online public survey to confirm and expand on barriers to rural civic engagement. The goal is to help governments and organizations improve how they serve rural areas.
Presentation- Overview of STAR-Ghana Media WorkstreamLamisi Dabire
This document summarizes STAR-Ghana's media work from 2010-2014. It provided over $3.9 million in grants and capacity building to media organizations to strengthen their collaboration with civil society and advocate for greater transparency and accountability in governance. 21 media organizations received grants totaling $2 million to produce issue-based coverage across health, oil and gas, education, and other sectors. This support helped media organizations more effectively convey citizen voices and influence government actions. While progress was made, challenges remain like weak media laws and organizational structures that limit specialization and grant management. Overall, STAR-Ghana found that with proper support, media can engage in important advocacy while moving past sensationalism.
Local radio in Portland has 2.2 million listeners in the metro area, with the largest demographics being ages 35-44 and 25-34. Time spent listening to radio exceeds all other forms of audio entertainment combined. Radio reaches 8 out of 10 people ages 18-34 daily, more than newspapers and magazines. Local radio stations helped raise over $20 million for local charities in 2010. Radio and digital media form a dynamic partnership, with digital platforms adapting to radio and radio expanding its reach through digital.
The document discusses strategies for improving information, education and communication (IEC) approaches for rural development programmes in India. It notes that past IEC efforts have faced challenges due to heterogeneous target groups and programme objectives. It calls for developing programme-specific, target-specific and area-specific IEC strategies. It proposes establishing project management units at state and block levels to coordinate IEC activities and develop local language content and materials. Regular village meetings, screening of films, and mobilizing volunteers are recommended to disseminate information at the community level.
The document discusses sanitation issues in South Africa from the perspective of the Western Cape Religious Leaders' Forum (WCRLF). It notes that over 400,000 people in Cape Town alone lack basic sanitation. Inadequate sanitation exacerbates health issues and crime rates in poor communities. The WCRLF has organized visits to informal settlements to witness conditions and advocate for improved sanitation. They call on government and civil society to prioritize addressing the backlog of sanitation needs.
1) A nonprofit organization called HELP used 3M Littmann Electronic Stethoscope Model 4100WS to provide telemedicine services to tsunami survivors in India.
2) The stethoscope reduced ambient noise by 75% and allowed clear transmission of lung and heart sounds to doctors in the US, enabling remote diagnosis of conditions like tuberculosis.
3) The stethoscope's recording and transmission capabilities helped overcome challenges of providing medical care in remote, noisy environments and allowed specialists to evaluate patients and medical histories remotely.
Roles and Functions of Mass Media Cape 2024DamianLewis12
Mass media plays an important role in the Caribbean region by informing, educating, and entertaining audiences. It also has the responsibility to provide accurate information in a timely manner. Mass media helps develop Caribbean culture through regional programming and portraying Caribbean life to the world. It facilitates the flow of economic and political information and provides feedback to governments. Mass media depicts changing social roles and is used in formal education, religion, and socialization. Regional media organizations like CBU, CANA, and CARIBVISION work to share news and programming across the Caribbean.
This document announces an online symposium hosted by the Young Neurosurgeons Forum on providing neurosurgical services during disasters. The symposium will discuss concepts like telemedicine, telesurgery, and mobile emergency/neurosurgical units. Speakers will include leaders from the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies on training neurosurgeons in developing areas and addressing public health issues. The document provides background on recent major earthquakes in Haiti and Chile to illustrate the need for rapid neurological response during disasters when infrastructure is damaged and communications fail.
Mass media refers to channels of communication that distribute messages to large audiences through technology. In the Caribbean, mass media includes electronic forms like radio, TV, and the internet as well as print forms like newspapers, magazines, and books. Mass media houses in the Caribbean, like the Caribbean Broadcasting Union, Caribbean News Agency, and Caribvision, work to share news and information across the region to promote integration. Mass media serves important roles like informing and educating audiences, and influencing culture, economic development, politics, and social roles in Caribbean societies.
GFAR webinar on farm radio, community radio and participatory radioGCARD Conferences
The webinar presentation discussed the use of radio to promote agriculture among youth in Tanzania. It described how the organization Well Told Story used their Shujaaz radio program to address factors influencing youth perceptions of agriculture, such as the need to see connections between agriculture and dreams/money, lack of knowledge about agriculture value chains, and few role models in the field. The presentation shared initial research findings on youth views and the strategies used in the radio program, such as featuring success stories and role models, to positively influence attitudes. It noted some lessons learned so far and goals to continue using radio to provide information and shift social norms regarding agriculture as a career.
Using Machine Learning to Analyse Radio Content in Uganda UN Global Pulse
The document describes a project that uses machine learning to analyze radio content in Uganda for development and humanitarian purposes. It details the development of a Radio Content Analysis Tool that can automatically analyze hundreds of hours of radio broadcasts daily and extract text to identify discussions on predefined topics. Several pilot studies were conducted using this tool to understand how radio data could provide insights on issues like refugee perceptions, disaster impacts, health services, and disease outbreaks. The document outlines the automated and human analysis processes used and discusses opportunities and challenges around using talk radio as a source of big data to inform development goals.
Adventist World Radio's mission is to broadcast Adventist messages in the hardest-to-reach languages and places using radio, podcasting, and other media. It broadcasts in over 75 languages to reach places missionaries cannot access. The document discusses how convergence of media through technologies like podcasting, satellite services, and shared content can help AWR fulfill its mission of spreading the gospel globally.
The Socio-Economic Impact of Mobile Telecommunication in the MENA RegionZain Group
Coinciding with the celebration of Zain Group’s 30th anniversary of operation, the study illustrates that by tapping the potential of emerging mobile solutions in areas such as commerce, education and health, the mobile telecom sector can truly become a catalyst for growth and prosperity in the MENA region.
The detailed study covers relevant topics including the key development challenges in Zain’s markets, and emerging business models in developing markets; through to the solutions that Zain has put in place to overcome market and industry challenges, and demographic shifts, affordability and accessibility to healthcare through mobile solutions.
Use of radio as a tool for promoting integrated pest management among farmers...Premier Publishers
This study took a look at the place of radio in the improvement of farming practices among the farmers in Shika community in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The focus of the study was the use of radio for sensitizing farmers on integrated pest management. The objectives of the study were; examining the importance of radio as a source of agricultural information to farmers in Shika, ascertaining the level of farmers’ awareness of chemical pest control and determining how Radio can be used as a communication channel for promoting chemical pest control among farmers in Shika. Survey research method was used for the study, while copies of structured questionnaire were administered to 60 respondents purposively selected and descriptive data analysis technique was used to present and analyze the data. The findings included the fact that people of Shika do not have requisite agricultural information needed for pest control hence, there is high rate of pest attacks on their farms, the radio stations in the area rarely broadcast issues related to pest control, while there is low extension attention to the community. Improved access to agricultural information on Radio, through the Hausa language could lead to pest control needed for improved agricultural productivity in Shika community.
What is Electronic Media? (Introduction)
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Radio is the transmission of electromagnetic signals carrying sound messages through the air. It is a form of communication that allows audible signals to be broadcast to receivers. The document discusses the key elements of radio, including the human voice, music, sound effects, and silence. It explains how each element functions to create sound landscapes that provoke emotions and allow listeners to imagine the messages and stories being conveyed.
Pulse Lab Kampala developed the prototype of a tool that can analyze public radio content to reveal a detailed picture of the priorities of Ugandans. The Radio Content Analysis tool works by converting public discussions that take place on radio into text using ‘speech-to-text’ technology. Once converted, the text can be searched by topics of interest related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as health, education or employment. The topics can be further broken down by location and timeline. The new capability afforded by this tool could help policymakers better understand, in real-time, Ugandans’ priorities, as voiced publicly on the radio.
A Critical Appraisal of Listenership Preference of FM Radio Stations in the T...ijtsrd
Contemporarily, radio remains the most powerful mass communication medium. Regular radio broadcast reaches out to a vast number of audiences and caters for the aspirations of the masses by providing information, education and entertainment. Now wide-band FM radio has very high quality transmission medium for its coverage areas. The paper examined listenership preferences of FM radio stations, programme patterns and habits of audience in the Tamale Metropolis. The paper adopted a cross-sectional survey design and proportional size to sampling techniques for selection of communities. Out of the total of 400 questionnaires distributed, 392 were retrieved and analysed. The study established that an overwhelming majority preferred FM radio to state-owned-radio and Zaa radio rated highly preferred FM radio station in the Metropolis. The study also indicated that discussions and phone- in-programmes are most preferred programmes. The paper recommended that state-owned-radio be decentralised to enable it design community based programmes to cater for the audiences. It also recommended that radio be used for information disseminating tool to the communities instead of being a propaganda machinery to sail through government policies and programmes. Iddirisu Andani Mu-azu | G.P. Shivram"A Critical Appraisal of Listenership Preference of FM Radio Stations in the Tamale Metropolis of Northern Ghana" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd161.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/journalism/161/a-critical-appraisal-of-listenership-preference-of-fm-radio-stations-in-the-tamale-metropolis-of-northern-ghana/iddirisu-andani-mu-azu
Exploring Innovation in Action Power to the People – Lifeline Ene.docxgitagrimston
Exploring Innovation in Action: Power to the People – Lifeline Energy
Trevor Baylis was quite a swimmer in his youth, representing Britain at the age of 15. So it wasn’t entirely surprising that he ended up working for a swimming pool firm in Surrey before setting up his own company. He continued his swimming passion – working as a part-time TV stuntman doing underwater feats – but also followed an interest in inventing things. One of the projects he began work on in 1991 was to have widespread impact despite – or rather because of – being a ‘low-tech’ solution to a massive problem.
Having seen a documentary about AIDS in Africa he began to see the underlying need for something which could help communication. Much of the AIDS problem lies in the lack of awareness and knowledge across often isolated rural communities – people don’t know about causes or prevention of this devastating disease. And this reflects a deeper problem – of communication. Experts estimate that less than 20% of the world’s population have access to a telephone, while even fewer have a regular supply of electricity, much less television or Internet access. Very low literacy levels exclude most people from reading newspapers and other print media.
Radio is an obvious solution to the problem – but how can radio work when the receivers need power and in many places mains electricity is simply non-existent. An alternative is battery power – but batteries are equally problematic – even if they were of good quality and freely available via village stores people couldn’t afford to buy them regularly. In countries where $1 a day is the standard wage, batteries can cost from a day’s to a week’s salary. The HIV/AIDS pandemic also means that household incomes are under increased pressure as earners become too ill to work while greater expenditure goes towards healthcare, leaving nothing for batteries.
What was needed was a radio which ran on some different source of electricity. In thinking about the problem Baylis remembered the old-fashioned telephones of pre-war days which had wind-up handles to generate power. He began experimenting, linking together odd items such as a hand brace, an electric motor and a small radio. He found that the brace turning the motor would act as a generator that would supply sufficient electricity to power the radio. By adding a clockwork mechanism he found that a spring could be wound up – and as it unwound the radio would play. This first working prototype ran for 14 minutes on a two minute wind. Trevor had invented a clockwork (wind-up) radio! As a potential solution to the communication problem the idea had real merit. The trouble was that, like thousands of entrepreneurs before him, Trevor couldn’t convince others of this. He spent nearly four years approaching major radio manufacturers like Philips and Marconi but to no avail. But luck often plays a significant part in the innovation story – and this was no exception. The idea came to the attenti ...
This document discusses radio advertising as a media. It provides definitions of advertising and media advertising. It then discusses radio as an advertising media, including its introduction, planning, government regulation, features, importance and advantages. Radio advertising allows mass reach at a relatively low cost and can target specific demographic groups. It is an effective way to increase brand awareness through creative commercials.
Community Radio Madanpokhara (CRM) in Palpa, Nepal is the first rural community radio station in South Asia, established in 1999. It serves over 1.2 million people across 6 districts through its educational, informative, and entertaining programming produced with community participation. CRM is managed by a broad-based committee and largely sustained through community contributions of rice, forest income, and fees. It aims to empower local communities through practical knowledge sharing and two-way communication on issues like agriculture, education, health, and governance.
The document discusses a proposed radio program for the municipality of Poro in Camotes, Cebu, Philippines. The objectives of the program are to (1) raise awareness among residents of landslide-prone mountain barangays, (2) encourage community participation in monitoring natural resources, (3) provide guidelines to prevent landslides, and (4) encourage local governments to preserve the environment. The program titled "Pagmatngon" would focus on local news, updates on monitoring at-risk areas, instructions on environmental preservation, drama, and discussions about protecting natural resources in their community.
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Why Radio Matters
Making the case for radio as a medium for
development
Dr. Mary Myers
Commissioned by Developing Radio Partners
"In the societies of the bottom‐billion the key media are probably the radio channels" ‐
Paul Collier, economist, 2007
Radio is everywhere
Radio is the most widespread mass‐medium in the developing world. It is affordable, easy to
use and ubiquitous. The airwaves in Africa, Latin America and Asia are now buzzing with
thousands of channels bringing news, music, chat, sport, education and discussion to local
people in their own languages in a convenient format, when and where they want it. Small
battery‐operated transistors often costing no more than $10 US dollars can be bought in
almost any market‐place or corner shop. Not only are radio sets portable and affordable
but they overcome the problem of illiteracy and electrification. Radio sets are found
everywhere, from the mountains of the Andes to the plains of Zimbabwe.
This paper shows how radio is an invaluable tool for reaching and involving the poor and
marginalised in development efforts: how radio can save lives, provide vital information to
prevent disasters, allow the oppressed to find their voices and identity, hold officials
accountable and provide education, information and news to the most far‐flung corners of
our globe. Radio has seen a renaissance in the developing world over the last 20 years.
Where once there were only large monolithic state‐controlled broadcasters, there are now
high numbers of small‐scale FM stations almost everywhere, thanks to more liberal
regulatory environments, and to the falling cost of technology. It is now possible to set up a
small 40 watt FM station for under $4,000 US dollars. Where conditions are right, radio
stations have mushroomed. In a study of media by the BBC World Service Trust, it was
found that local commercial radio grew in sub‐Saharan Africa by an average of 360 percent
between 2000 and 2006 and that community radio had grown on average by a striking 1,386
percent over the same period1. For example, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
there are now over 150 community radio stations when there were only ten in the year 2000
(BBC WST,2006). In the poorest areas of the globe, radio is the medium of choice, far
outstripping other mass‐media in terms of audience numbers. For instance, in West Africa
1
Statistics for 11 countries for which consistent data were available: Botswana, Cameroon, DRC, Kenya, Nigeria,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
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Why Radio Matters ‐ paper for Developing Radio Partners ‐ by Dr Mary Myers
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radio ownership dwarfs all other communication equipment, including TV and mobile
phones as the chart overleaf shows. In Africa in general between 80% and 90% of
households have access to a working radio set.
In Latin America and Asia, generally speaking, radio is slightly less popular than TV, but is
nevertheless an important source of information and news. In Peru, there are as many as
1,691 FM stations, and 75% percent of urban Peruvians listen to the radio daily and 92
percent listen to it at least once a week (Intermedia 2010). In Pakistan radio continues to be
a crucial conduit for communicating with Pakistanis in rural areas and less economically
developed provinces. Specifically, in the rural areas of the Baluchistan province, 46 percent
of respondents said they listen to the radio at least weekly, rivaling rural television
viewership at 47 percent (Intermedia 2010).
Radio saves lives
In emergencies and disaster situations, radio is an invaluable tool. Innumerable lives have
been saved through cyclone and volcano radio warnings, the world over. Although Cyclone
Nargis in Myanmar in 2008 tragically claimed about 138,000 lives, survivors will be warned
about future cyclones primarily by radio: "If another cyclone comes, we plan to run to the
new concrete school… Our village is getting stronger with such things ‐ almost everyone
listens to the weather report on the radio now." Daw Than Myint, 64, quoted by Oxfam
(Oxfam 2010)
After a disaster has hit, and as survivors try to find lost loved‐ones and to access food,
shelter and medical aid, radio can be vital for reassuring, informing and preventing panic.
For example, in the recent earthquake in Haiti (January 2010) wind‐up radios shipped by a
U.S. charity to St Antoine's School, 68 miles from Porte Au Prince, enabled teachers to access
shortwave broadcasts and inform students about the situation: "When the earthquake hit,
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Why Radio Matters ‐ paper for Developing Radio Partners ‐ by Dr Mary Myers
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the teachers cranked [their radios] up to glean what information the could. "After the
earthquake, all the radio stations were off in the country," says Emmanuel Pressoir, the
school's business manager "the telephone did not work, even the cell phone. But with their
radios, they could go on shortwave, and be informed." A week later, when a 5.9 aftershock
rocked the village and rumours of an impending tsunami stirred panic, the teachers were
able to turn to their radios again' (Wall Street Journal, April 29 2010).
... and helps rebuild after disaster, trauma and war
Radio Programmes to Reduce Tsunami Trauma
The devastating tsunami that hit Indonesia and other countries in December 2004 killed
thousands, but besides the physical havoc, the tsunami inflicted deep psychological scars on
the survivors. In response to this UNDP supported a radio programme on Dalka FM to
reduce the trauma in Aceh, Indonesia. "The radio programme is part of our strategy to assist
13,000 displaced people. We have 30 counsellors who work closely with the community"
says Frida Kawulusan, UNDP. The trauma radio show became one of the highest audience
ratings programmes in the region. Answatai, a 45‐year‐old woman, still living in temporary
barracks after the tsunami, says: "The most interesting topic I heard in the show is how to
control our emotions. Now I understand why people like me get angry and what I can do
about it." (UNDP, 2006)
Radio for Peace‐building in DRC
In 2001 DFID made the decision to fund a UN radio station in the D R Congo as the peace
talks were about to take place. Radio Okapi, was born out of an alliance between Fondation
Hirondelle and the UN mission, MONUC. Hirondelle provided the content and kept an
independent editorial line, while MONUC ensured security and a satellite‐based transmission
system that soon covered the best part of the DRC on FM and Short Wave. Radio Okapi is
now widely credited for having helped unify the country, smoothed the political transition,
and contributed substantially to free and fair elections: in a recent study by IMMAR2, almost
36% of voters said that it was Radio Okapi that had prompted them to vote. Okapi has an
estimated 25 million listeners and 27 local partner radio stations. Okapi is currently funded
by UK, Canada, France, Sweden and Switzerland (DFID, 2007).
Radio educates and entertains
The following examples show compellingly how effective radio is in educating listeners and
helping to bring about positive change.
Learning about new farming methods: Ghana, Mali and Uganda
In Ghana, Volta Star radio in the town of Ho has recently obtained some interesting results
from a campaign to promote an improved rice variety to poor farmers. This new variety is
called NERICA (New Rice for Africa) and grows anywhere, even in drier upland areas and
offers better yields and shorter gestation periods than the traditional swampy rice, so is
potentially very advantageous for subsistence farmers. Supported by Farm Radio
2
Immar Research and Consultancy, 2006, Etude Médias en RDC Fondation Hirondelle: Lausanne.
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Why Radio Matters ‐ paper for Developing Radio Partners ‐ by Dr Mary Myers
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International (FRI), a participatory radio campaign was broadcast in 2008 to explain and
promote the new rice and answer farmers' questions about it. After the campaign the take‐
up of NERICA was so enthusiastic that government seed‐banks could not satisfy the demand
for the seed. It is clear that the high uptake of the seed was due to the radio campaign
because the FRI team divided a control group from the main listening communities and
found that there was 0% uptake among the control group, but up to 50% uptake among
listening households. Afterwards the FRI team said: 'the sheer success of the campaign in
Ghana created one of its main challenges… Input distributors [e.g. seed suppliers] need to be
aware that a participatory radio campaign can cause a dramatic spike in farmer demand'
(Farm Radio International, 2010:28).
In Mali, the same organisation, FRI, has been working with local radio stations on engaging
radio campaigns to promote the practice of composting among poor farming communities.
These radio shows not only feature agricultural experts, but farmers' own questions, local
music and interviews with local 'early adopters'. The campaigns have been followed by a
four‐fold increase in the percentage of farmers adopting this practice (FRI, 2010). In Uganda,
a similar radio campaign, this time focussing on popularising a new disease‐resistant variety
of cassava called Akena, obtained more dramatic results recently, with increases in acreage
planted with improved cassava of up to 510% (FRI, 2010).
Better health through radio in Madagascar and Tanzania
Radio can produce some impressive gains in the field of health as well. For example, in
southern Madagascar, a 2007 study found that 89% of the rural population said radio was
their source of information about HIV/AIDS (Metcalf et al., 2007). Addressing HIV/AIDS and
other sensitive subjects such as gynaecological and fertility problems works particularly well
on radio, especially when embedded in dramas such as soap operas. Drama can portray the
psychological and social blocks that stand in the way of behavioural change, something that
conventional communication methods ‐ such as public service announcements or billboards
‐ cannot reach. For example, 'Pilika PIlika', a radio soap opera in Tanzania (meaning 'busy'
busy') has a regular audience of 5.5 million. Portraying the life and loves of ordinary people
in the fictional village of Jitazame, this drama addresses many issues including sexual and
reproductive health, child/parent relations, hygiene and sanitation, and TB. Research
commissioned by the producers, Mediae, found that 85.0% of the respondents who listen to
Pilika Pilika have implemented or undergone various changes in their lives as a result of
learning’s and knowledge gained from the radio programme (Mediae Company, 2010).
Radio empowers
It is significant that some of the most democratic countries in the developing world today —
examples include Benin, Ghana, Mali and Senegal — all have private, flourishing FM talk
radio stations. Of course, other media play a role too, as do civil society and other socio‐
economic factors, but in the words of the economist Paul Collier: 'the media… are the most
effective forms of scrutiny. In the societies of the bottom‐billion the key media are probably
the radio channels…'. ' In most bottom‐billion countries television is too limited to be the
key medium; it is more likely to be radio. Thus among the checks and balances I would place
keeping radio out of government monopoly control as vital.' (Collier, 2007: 147‐8)
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Radio Improves Governance in Malawi
In Malawi, the Development Communications Trust (DCT) broadcasts ‘village voice’
recordings from a network of radio clubs around the country, which report (among other
things) on local‐level delays, corruption, malpractice, and mismanagement by service‐
providers, including international NGOs, and local authorities and politicians. These
problems are then broadcast on national radio (MBC), and the ministry, individual or
organisation responsible is invited to reply on air in a context of a mediated dialogue with
the community in question. The DCT says that 70% of radio club problems are resolved
satisfactorily after they have been aired nationally. It is currently supported by UNDP,
Oxfam and the Malawi national AIDS body (DFID 2008).
Maasai Radio in Tanzania
From the town of Terrat in Tanzania, Orkonerei Radio Service (ORS) broadcasts across a wide
expanse of Maasai tribal lands, reaching Maasai pastoralists in their own language and on
subjects that the Maasai are hungry to hear about: their own traditional culture, cattle‐
rearing, family and women's issues (including the controversial topic of female circumcision
which is still very prevalent), and rights to land and forests. 'With illiteracy rates of an
estimated 80%, radio has become the only realistic tool for social and economic
transformation: people are talking together, recording their own music, re‐vitalising their
language and culture' (Lwanga‐Ntale & Jallov, 2006). One Maasai elder is quoted as follows,
during a recent evaluation: "Most significant change? That we have our own radio, are
updated in our own language and can communicate. You can say that it has given our
identity back! Nothing less. And that changes all the rest!!!" (quoted in Lwanga‐Ntale &
Jallov, 2006:1).
Radio is evolving…but is as popular as ever
In a world where so many gadgets and communication platforms compete for a market,
radio is adapting and converging with newer information and communication technologies
(ICTs).
Radio and ICTs in Pakistan and Haiti
On the listeners' side, radio is increasingly being accessed on mobile phones: for example, in
Pakistan 30% of male listeners surveyed in 2008 said they had listened to radio via their
phones. A recent example from the Haiti earthquake shows how radio and ICTs can
compliment each other: SMS text alerts were used to direct injured survivors to functioning
hospitals and to help search and rescue teams locate survivors; the number to call to access
these text alerts were publicised on local radio. In addition to receiving critical news and
information, Haitians could send, at no cost, text messages into the system. This ensured a
stream of on‐the‐ground information of use to aid groups. The shortcode was publicised
chiefly through local radio stations, including Signal FM, Melody FM, MINUSTAH Radio FM
and Caraibes FM. The latter broadcast from the sidewalk outside its quake‐damaged
building, sucking power off a car engine (Large, 2010).
Through converging with services such as FrontlineSMS (a free software which allows text‐
messaging to large groups of people), now used in over 40 countries, radio can let listeners
interact; be it through playlist requests, feedback / 'voting', or even sending in an urgent
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announcement ‐ there are many possibilities. Ways that radio dovetails with other ICTs
include streaming broadcasts on the internet; reporting from remote places with mobile
phones; and producing MP3 files and podcasts of their programmes. Radio, on its own or in
partnership with new ICTs, is as vibrant and dynamic as ever.
Mary Myers
Development Communications Consultant
marysmyers@btinternet.com
June 2010
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References
Balancing Act, 2008 African Broadcast and Film Markets Balancing Act: London
(NB. Balancing Act's figures are mainly derived from a series of surveys carried out by Intermedia in 17
countries across the African continent (Algeria, Angola, Burundi, Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco,
Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda and
Zimbabwe) between 2005 and 2007. The surveys were carried out through face‐to‐face interviews
with representative samples of adults (normally 15+), the average sample size being about 2,000
individuals, with an average of 95% confidence)
BBC WST (World Service Trust), 2006 African Media Development Initiative (AMDI) Research Summary
Report BBC: London
Collier, P. 2007 The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can be Done
About It. OUP: Oxford,
DFID 2007, Project Memorandum: Media for Democracy and Accountability in the Democratic
Republic of Congo 2007‐2011 Internal document Department for International Development: London
Farm Radio International, 2010 The Effect of participatory Radio Campaigns on Agricultural
Improvement Uptake ‐ a preliminary case study assessment Farm Radio International: Ottawa
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th
peru‐country‐overview‐radio Accessed 7 June 2010
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on BBC survey of Pakistan in 2008
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th
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January 2010 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE60O07M20100125
Lwanga‐Ntale, C. & B. Jallov, 2006: Impact assessment of East African Community Media Project 2000‐
2006 'It has given us our identity back!'. Report from Orkonerei Radio Service for Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA): Stockholm
Mediae Company, 2010 Research result on website: http://www.mediae.org/pilika_pilika_research
accessed 9th June 2010
Metcalf, L., N. Harford and M. Myers, January 2007 The contribution of Radio Broadcasting to the
Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals in Southern Madgascar: Research findings and
conclusions of a study of the Andres Lees Trust Projet Radio. Andrew Lees Trust: London
Oxfam Myanmar report on website:
http://www.oxfam.org.uk/oxfam_in_action/emergencies/myanmar_cyclone.html
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UNDP, 2006 Indonesia website: 'UNDP Supports Radio Program to Reduce Tsunami Trauma' United
National Development Program, July 2006
http://www.undp.or.id/tsunami/view.asp?Cat=st&FileID=20060711‐1
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