Materials, logistic & inventories

1APO TES Bangladesh Furniture Manufacturing
Organization chart: ManufacturingOrganization chart: Manufacturing
OperationOperation
Chief Executive
Operation
Manager
Factory
Manager
Production
Manager
Material
Manger
Maintenance
& Engineering
Research &
Design
Production Planning
& Control
QC, Tally
Sample, Jig &
Tools maker
Tooling
Tester,
verifier
QC, Inventory

Material managementMaterial management
FunctionFunction
- Collect, analize and dessiminate informationCollect, analize and dessiminate information
about material utilisationabout material utilisation
- Preparing the required materialsPreparing the required materials
- Determine the current stock level & its valueDetermine the current stock level & its value
- Ensure the materials is safe in keeping /Ensure the materials is safe in keeping /
storagestorage

Materials controllerMaterials controller
Head of department, business ownersHead of department, business owners
ManagersManagers
Executives / officersExecutives / officers
SupervisorsSupervisors
ClerksClerks
 Organisation chartOrganisation chart
 Duties and responsibilityDuties and responsibility

Requirement to become materialRequirement to become material
controllercontroller
Have knowledge about the materials underHave knowledge about the materials under
their supervisiontheir supervision
Given authority as material controllerGiven authority as material controller
Have full responsibility of the goods under hisHave full responsibility of the goods under his
carecare
Has facilities to safe keeping the goodsHas facilities to safe keeping the goods
Have good knowledge about materialHave good knowledge about material
managementmanagement
Document: stock book, inventory card etc.Document: stock book, inventory card etc.

controller (cont.)controller (cont.)
Material management:Material management:

Planning the requirementPlanning the requirement

PurchasingPurchasing

ReceivingReceiving

StorageStorage

MaintenenceMaintenence

InventoryInventory

Releasing for processingReleasing for processing

DisposingDisposing
Membuat, melapor danMembuat, melapor dan
menyimpan rekod:menyimpan rekod:
 jenis bahanjenis bahan
 KuantitiKuantiti
 nilainilai

controller (cont.)controller (cont.)
Material tendency to wear, damage, faulty &Material tendency to wear, damage, faulty &
depreciatedepreciate
Mixing recipeMixing recipe
Compatibility of materials to productCompatibility of materials to product
manufacturedmanufactured
Rate of utilisationRate of utilisation

Materials propertiesMaterials properties
Physical properties:Physical properties:

TypeType

SizeSize

GradeGrade

Density, chemicalDensity, chemical
content etc.content etc.

QualityQuality

QuantityQuantity

Value of materialsValue of materials

Material usesMaterial uses
Mechanical properties:Mechanical properties:
 MaintenanceMaintenance
 StorageStorage

DocumentationDocumentation
Material specifications: name, model, physicalMaterial specifications: name, model, physical
propertiesproperties
Quantity: utilization rate – daily, weekly, monthlyQuantity: utilization rate – daily, weekly, monthly
Suppliers: name, address, telephone, productsSuppliers: name, address, telephone, products
supplied, terms and pricessupplied, terms and prices
Purchasing document: L.O. (purchase order),Purchasing document: L.O. (purchase order),
delivery notes (D.O.), invoicesdelivery notes (D.O.), invoices

Documentations (cont.)Documentations (cont.)
Receiving: goodsReceiving: goods
received notesreceived notes

NameName

ModelModel

Grade, quality (refer toGrade, quality (refer to
specifications)specifications)

QuantityQuantity
MaintenanceMaintenance

MechanicalMechanical

PreventivePreventive
InventoryInventory
 QuantityQuantity
 QualityQuality
ProductionProduction
 MaterialMaterial request formrequest form
-- Stock cardStock card

Raw material managementRaw material management
Unit: Kg., liter, ton, pieces, unit, packing, rolls,Unit: Kg., liter, ton, pieces, unit, packing, rolls,
drums etc.drums etc.
Safe keeping and safety of materialsSafe keeping and safety of materials
Reports to superior officers & frequencyReports to superior officers & frequency
Not leaking information to competitorsNot leaking information to competitors
Applying system: Location, storage methods,Applying system: Location, storage methods,
replenishreplenish
Knowing stock levels and utilization rateKnowing stock levels and utilization rate

Responsibility of MaterialResponsibility of Material
ControllersControllers
1.1. Material inspection:Material inspection:

Before delivery (at suppliers warehouse); 2Before delivery (at suppliers warehouse); 2ndnd
party auditparty audit

Ability of suppliers: to supply on time, deliveryAbility of suppliers: to supply on time, delivery

Right information in documentations: purchasing,Right information in documentations: purchasing,
delivery notes, invoicedelivery notes, invoice

Quality supplied according to specificationsQuality supplied according to specifications

Quality is checkedQuality is checked

Recording the classification changes (if any & allowed)Recording the classification changes (if any & allowed)

Responsibility of materialResponsibility of material
controllerscontrollers
2.2. Rejects materials which doesn’t meetRejects materials which doesn’t meet
specificationsspecifications

Materials used to make the goodsMaterials used to make the goods

Materials qualityMaterials quality

QuantityQuantity

Expiry dateExpiry date

Non approve buyers / black listedNon approve buyers / black listed

Disapprove brand and modelDisapprove brand and model

3.3. Storing the materials:Storing the materials:

Material classifications: type & physical propertiesMaterial classifications: type & physical properties

Safety levels; material depreciation, dangerousSafety levels; material depreciation, dangerous
itemsitems

Able to determine current stocks and additionalAble to determine current stocks and additional
itemsitems

Taggings on materials, packagesTaggings on materials, packages

RecordingRecording

4.4. Conduct maintenanceConduct maintenance

Materials inspectionMaterials inspection

Ensure the materials is in good condition and ableEnsure the materials is in good condition and able
to function properlyto function properly

Conduct maintenance appropriatly, i.e. change theConduct maintenance appropriatly, i.e. change the
packaging, change the tag, initiate the chemicalpackaging, change the tag, initiate the chemical
reactions (glue / finishing materials), eliminatereactions (glue / finishing materials), eliminate
saturated components, oiling, block the undesiredsaturated components, oiling, block the undesired
chemical reactionschemical reactions

Separate the expired & unfunctional itemsSeparate the expired & unfunctional items

5.5. Implementing inventory / auditImplementing inventory / audit

Count the quantityCount the quantity

Compare the inventory and stock card figureCompare the inventory and stock card figure

Search the cause of difference, if anySearch the cause of difference, if any

Justify the quantity differencesJustify the quantity differences

Ensure the right quantityEnsure the right quantity

Inventory / stock reportsInventory / stock reports

Stock valuesStock values

controllers (cont.)controllers (cont.)
6.6. Withdrawing the materialsWithdrawing the materials

Who can withdraw the materialsWho can withdraw the materials

Written approvalWritten approval

Needs according to production scheduleNeeds according to production schedule

Preparing the materials, refer specificationsPreparing the materials, refer specifications

Exact quantityExact quantity

Withdrawal form (materials request forms)Withdrawal form (materials request forms)

Factory management &Factory management &
manufacturing facilitiesmanufacturing facilities
Raw materialsRaw materials Machines andMachines and
manufacturingmanufacturing
equipmentsequipments
Building and compoundBuilding and compound VehichlesVehichles

DefinationsDefinations
Raw materialsRaw materials
 Materials use in construction of furniture,Materials use in construction of furniture,
processing, assembly, packagingprocessing, assembly, packaging
 Bahan yang digunakan dalam binaanBahan yang digunakan dalam binaan
perabot, pemasangan, pembungkusanperabot, pemasangan, pembungkusan
dan proses pembuatandan proses pembuatan
InventoriInventori
 Mengetahui status dan baki semasaMengetahui status dan baki semasa

Klasifikasi bahan: mengikut sifatKlasifikasi bahan: mengikut sifat
fizikal bahan mentahfizikal bahan mentah
1.1. Bahan mentah asas: kayu, papan panelBahan mentah asas: kayu, papan panel
2.2. Bahan mentah pemprosesan: kertas pasir, perekatBahan mentah pemprosesan: kertas pasir, perekat
3.3. Bahan berbahaya: thinner, minyakBahan berbahaya: thinner, minyak
4.4. Hardware: skru, hinges, connectors, aksessoriHardware: skru, hinges, connectors, aksessori
5.5. Bahan mentah pembungkusan: fabrik, kotak, foam,Bahan mentah pembungkusan: fabrik, kotak, foam,
strapstrap
6.6. Untuk pekerja: ubat, mask, ear plug, glove,Untuk pekerja: ubat, mask, ear plug, glove,
measuring tape, calipermeasuring tape, caliper
7.7. Mesin: mata alat & alat gantiMesin: mata alat & alat ganti

Tempat simpanan bahanTempat simpanan bahan
Bahan tidak disimpan disatuBahan tidak disimpan disatu
tempattempat
Mengikut sifat fizikalMengikut sifat fizikal
Tempat kegunaan / prosesTempat kegunaan / proses
Struktur keselamatanStruktur keselamatan

Bahan: kayu gergaji belumBahan: kayu gergaji belum
dikeringkandikeringkan
Air-dried sawn timber; anisotropicAir-dried sawn timber; anisotropic
Gred:Gred: 1.1. PrimePrime
2.2. SelectSelect
3.3. StandardStandard
4.4. SoundSound
5.5. ServiceableServiceable
6.6. UtilityUtility
Penyusunan:Penyusunan: a.a. mengikut spesismengikut spesis
b.b. mengikut saizmengikut saiz
c.c. gunakan stickergunakan sticker
Lantai rata, bersimenLantai rata, bersimen
Kawasan teduh, berbumbungKawasan teduh, berbumbung

Bahan mentah: kayu – heavyBahan mentah: kayu – heavy
hardwoodshardwoods
Balau/Selangan BatuBalau/Selangan Batu (Shorea(Shorea
spp.)spp.)
Balau, Red/Selangan Batu MerahBalau, Red/Selangan Batu Merah
(Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
BelianBelian (Eusideroxylon zwageri)(Eusideroxylon zwageri)
BitisBitis (Madhuca spp. and(Madhuca spp. and
Palaquium spp.)Palaquium spp.)
ChengalChengal (Neobalanocarpus(Neobalanocarpus
heimii)heimii)
GiamGiam (Hopea spp.)(Hopea spp.)
KekatongKekatong (Cynometra spp.)(Cynometra spp.)
KeranjiKeranji (Dialium spp.)(Dialium spp.)
MalagangaiMalagangai (Eusideroxylon(Eusideroxylon
malagangai)malagangai)
MerbauMerbau (Intsia spp.)(Intsia spp.)
PenagaPenaga (Mesua ferrea)(Mesua ferrea)
PenyauPenyau (Upuna borneensis)(Upuna borneensis)
ResakResak (Vatica spp. and(Vatica spp. and
Cotylelobium spp.)Cotylelobium spp.)
TembusuTembusu (Fagraea spp.)(Fagraea spp.)

Spesis kayu: medium hardwoodsSpesis kayu: medium hardwoods
Alan BatuAlan Batu (Shorea albida)(Shorea albida)
BekakBekak (Amoora spp.)(Amoora spp.)
DerumDerum (Cratoxylum spp.)(Cratoxylum spp.)
EntapulohEntapuloh (Teijsmanniodendron spp.)(Teijsmanniodendron spp.)
Geriting / TeruntumGeriting / Teruntum (Lumnitzera spp.)(Lumnitzera spp.)
KandisKandis (Garcinia spp.)(Garcinia spp.)
KapurKapur (Dryobalanops spp.)(Dryobalanops spp.)
KasaiKasai (Pometia spp.)(Pometia spp.)
Kayu MalamKayu Malam (Diospyros spp.)(Diospyros spp.)
Kedang Belum/Tulang DaingKedang Belum/Tulang Daing (Milletia spp.)(Milletia spp.)
KelatKelat (Eugenia spp.)(Eugenia spp.)
KeledangKeledang (Artocarpus spp.)(Artocarpus spp.)
KempasKempas (Koompassia malaccensis)(Koompassia malaccensis)
KeruingKeruing (Dipterocarpus spp.)(Dipterocarpus spp.)
KeruntumKeruntum (Combretocarpus rotundatus)(Combretocarpus rotundatus)
KulimKulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis)(Scorodocarpus borneensis)
Mata UlatMata Ulat (Kokoona spp.)(Kokoona spp.)
MempeningMempening (Lithocarpus spp. and Quercus spp.)(Lithocarpus spp. and Quercus spp.)
Mengkulang/KembangMengkulang/Kembang (Heritiera spp.)(Heritiera spp.)
MeransiMeransi (Carallia spp.)(Carallia spp.)
Merawan / GagilMerawan / Gagil (Hopea spp.)(Hopea spp.)
MerbatuMerbatu (Parinari spp. and Maranthes corymbosa)(Parinari spp. and Maranthes corymbosa)
MerpauhMerpauh (Swintonia spp.)(Swintonia spp.)
MertasMertas (Ctenolophon parvifolius)(Ctenolophon parvifolius)
NyalinNyalin (Xanthophyllum spp.)(Xanthophyllum spp.)
Pauh KijangPauh Kijang (Irvingia malayana)(Irvingia malayana)
PerahPerah (Elateriospermum tapos)(Elateriospermum tapos)
PetalingPetaling (Ochanostachys amentacea)(Ochanostachys amentacea)
PunahPunah (Tetramerista glabra)(Tetramerista glabra)
RangguRanggu (Koordersiodendron pinnatum)(Koordersiodendron pinnatum)
RengasRengas (Gluta spp. and Melanochyla spp.)(Gluta spp. and Melanochyla spp.)
SemayurSemayur (Shorea inaequilateralis)(Shorea inaequilateralis)
SenumpulSenumpul (Hydnocarpus spp.)(Hydnocarpus spp.)
SimpohSimpoh (Dillenia spp.)(Dillenia spp.)
TampoiTampoi (Baccaurea spp.)(Baccaurea spp.)
TualangTualang (Koompassia excelsa)(Koompassia excelsa)

Spesis kayu: light hardwoodSpesis kayu: light hardwood
Alan BungaAlan Bunga (Shorea albida)(Shorea albida)
AraAra (Ficus spp.)(Ficus spp.)
BabaiBabai (Saraca spp.)(Saraca spp.)
BayurBayur (Pterospermum spp.)(Pterospermum spp.)
BeranganBerangan (Castanopsis spp.)(Castanopsis spp.)
BintangorBintangor (Calophyllum spp.)(Calophyllum spp.)
BinuangBinuang (Octomeles sumatrana)(Octomeles sumatrana)
DedaliDedali (Strombosia javanica)(Strombosia javanica)
DurianDurian (Coelostegia spp., Durio spp. and Neesia(Coelostegia spp., Durio spp. and Neesia
spp.)spp.)
Geronggang/SerunganGeronggang/Serungan (Cratoxylum spp.)(Cratoxylum spp.)
GerutuGerutu (Parashorea spp.)(Parashorea spp.)
JelutongJelutong (Dyera spp.)(Dyera spp.)
JongkongJongkong (Dactylocladus stenostachys)(Dactylocladus stenostachys)
KedondongKedondong (Species of Burseraceae)(Species of Burseraceae)
KelumpangKelumpang (Sterculia spp.)(Sterculia spp.)
Kembang SemangkokKembang Semangkok (Scaphium spp.)(Scaphium spp.)
KetapangKetapang (Terminalia spp.)(Terminalia spp.)
KungkurKungkur (Pithecellobium spp.)(Pithecellobium spp.)
LaranLaran (Anthocephalus chinensis)(Anthocephalus chinensis)
MachangMachang (Mangifera spp.)(Mangifera spp.)
MahangMahang (Macaranga spp.)(Macaranga spp.)
MedangMedang (Species of Lauraceae)(Species of Lauraceae)
Melantai / KawangMelantai / Kawang (Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
MelunakMelunak (Pentace spp.)(Pentace spp.)
Mempisang / KaraiMempisang / Karai (Species of Annonaceae)(Species of Annonaceae)
Meranti BakauMeranti Bakau (Shorea uliginosa)(Shorea uliginosa)
Meranti, Dark Red/Obar SulukMeranti, Dark Red/Obar Suluk (Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
Meranti, Light Red/Red SerayaMeranti, Light Red/Red Seraya (Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
Meranti, White/MelapiMeranti, White/Melapi (Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
Meranti, Yellow/Yellow SerayaMeranti, Yellow/Yellow Seraya (Shorea spp.)(Shorea spp.)
MerbulanMerbulan (Blumeodendron spp.)(Blumeodendron spp.)
MersawaMersawa (Anisoptera spp.)(Anisoptera spp.)
NyatohNyatoh (Species of Sapotaceae)(Species of Sapotaceae)
PelajauPelajau (Pentaspadon spp.)(Pentaspadon spp.)
PenarahanPenarahan (Species of Myristicaceae)(Species of Myristicaceae)
PerupokPerupok (Lophopetalum spp.)(Lophopetalum spp.)
PetaiPetai (Parkia spp.)(Parkia spp.)
PulaiPulai (Alstonia spp.)(Alstonia spp.)
RaminRamin (Gonystylus spp.)(Gonystylus spp.)
Malaysian oakMalaysian oak (Hevea brasiliensis)(Hevea brasiliensis)
SengkuangSengkuang (Dracontomelum dao)(Dracontomelum dao)
SentangSentang (Azadirachta excelsa)(Azadirachta excelsa)
SepetirSepetir (Sindora spp. and Copaifera palustris)(Sindora spp. and Copaifera palustris)
SesendokSesendok (Endospermum spp.)(Endospermum spp.)
TerapTerap (Artocarpus spp., Paratocarpus spp. and(Artocarpus spp., Paratocarpus spp. and
Antiaris toxicaria)Antiaris toxicaria)
TerentangTerentang (Campnosperma spp.)(Campnosperma spp.)
White SerayaWhite Seraya (Parashorea spp.)(Parashorea spp.)

Sifir industri kayuSifir industri kayu
Sawn timberSawn timber
1 cu. ft. = 0.0283186 M31 cu. ft. = 0.0283186 M3
1 ton = 50cu.ft.= 1.41584 M31 ton = 50cu.ft.= 1.41584 M3
1 M3 = 0.7063 ton1 M3 = 0.7063 ton
Contoh, diberi:Contoh, diberi:
2.25” x 3.5” x 8’ ada 125 batang2.25” x 3.5” x 8’ ada 125 batang
Kirakan ton kayu?Kirakan ton kayu?
(l x t x p)/(12 x 12 x 50) x unit(l x t x p)/(12 x 12 x 50) x unit
= 2.25 x 3.5 x 8 /(7200)x 125= 2.25 x 3.5 x 8 /(7200)x 125
= 1.09375 ton= 1.09375 ton

Pengiraan M3 kayuPengiraan M3 kayu
t” x l” x p”t” x l” x p” x pcs. = ft.3x pcs. = ft.3
17281728
ft.3ft.3 = M3= M3
35.3135.31
Nota:Nota:
1728 = 12 x 12 x 121728 = 12 x 12 x 12
35.31 =35.31 = 5050
1.415841.41584
Contoh:Contoh:
1.75” x 3.75” x 48” ada 312 pcs.1.75” x 3.75” x 48” ada 312 pcs.
1.75 x 3.75 x 481.75 x 3.75 x 48 x 312 = 56.8749 ft3x 312 = 56.8749 ft3
17281728
56.874956.8749 ft.3 =1.610733 M3ft.3 =1.610733 M3
35.3135.31
56.874956.8749 ft.3 = 1.1375 tonft.3 = 1.1375 ton
5050

Bahan: kayu gergaji sudahBahan: kayu gergaji sudah
dikeringkandikeringkan
Kandungan lembapan: _ % MCKandungan lembapan: _ % MC
Kandungan lembapan keseimbangan: 12 –Kandungan lembapan keseimbangan: 12 –
13 % EMC13 % EMC
Susunan: closed stack (tiada stickers)Susunan: closed stack (tiada stickers)
Bundled: sama spesis & saiz, panjang yangBundled: sama spesis & saiz, panjang yang
sama, sapu cat/lilin dihujung, bungkussama, sapu cat/lilin dihujung, bungkus
dengan plastik, gunakan alas sama jarak, 4’dengan plastik, gunakan alas sama jarak, 4’
Kawasan teduh, bersimen, rata,Kawasan teduh, bersimen, rata,
berbumbung, berdindingberbumbung, berdinding

Bahan: kayu berketamBahan: kayu berketam
Diketam dan dipotong kepada saiz akhirDiketam dan dipotong kepada saiz akhir
Mempunyai MC% yang dikehendakiMempunyai MC% yang dikehendaki
Bundled: sama spesis, sama saiz, dibungkusBundled: sama spesis, sama saiz, dibungkus
Simpanan: kawasan teduh, bersimen, rata,Simpanan: kawasan teduh, bersimen, rata,
berdindingberdinding
Jauh dari dingin/panas: perubahan cuaca –Jauh dari dingin/panas: perubahan cuaca –
bengkok, berbulu dan mengembangbengkok, berbulu dan mengembang
Ukuran: M3Ukuran: M3

Bahan: mouldingsBahan: mouldings
Kayu berprofilKayu berprofil
Contoh: frame, splint, skirting, jamb etc.Contoh: frame, splint, skirting, jamb etc.
Bundled: sama spesis, sama profil, sama saiz,Bundled: sama spesis, sama profil, sama saiz,
dibungkus plastik, ikat.dibungkus plastik, ikat.
Susun dalam crateSusun dalam crate
Ukuran: ft. run, mrUkuran: ft. run, mr

Bahan: komponen perabotBahan: komponen perabot
Contoh: turnings, kaki, tops dll.Contoh: turnings, kaki, tops dll.
Berbagai bentuk, saiz dan warnaBerbagai bentuk, saiz dan warna
Finished & unfinishedFinished & unfinished
Disusun, dibungkus & diletak ditempat teduhDisusun, dibungkus & diletak ditempat teduh
Jangan simpan > 4 bulan (kayu); akan hilangJangan simpan > 4 bulan (kayu); akan hilang
ketepatan saiz, profilketepatan saiz, profil

Bahan: papan panelBahan: papan panel
Papan lapisPapan lapis
Binaan: lapisan venir berperekat disusun ira berselang seliBinaan: lapisan venir berperekat disusun ira berselang seli
dalam bilangan ganjildalam bilangan ganjil
Perekat: urea formaldehyde (MR – moisture resistance) &Perekat: urea formaldehyde (MR – moisture resistance) &
phenol formaldehyde (WBP – water boiling proof)phenol formaldehyde (WBP – water boiling proof)
Gred: face – back; AA, BB, CCGred: face – back; AA, BB, CC
Value added: laminated face – tego filmValue added: laminated face – tego film
Susunan: jenis perekat, gred, saiz, dibungkus, kawasanSusunan: jenis perekat, gred, saiz, dibungkus, kawasan
teduhteduh
Kayu penggalas: sama saiz, jarak 2’, 6” dari hujungKayu penggalas: sama saiz, jarak 2’, 6” dari hujung

Bahan: papan panel lainBahan: papan panel lain
Fiberboard (MDF, HDF)Fiberboard (MDF, HDF)
ChipboardChipboard
SoftboardSoftboard
ParticleboardParticleboard
- Binaan: habuk/serbuk/serpai kayu, berbagai saiz, digaul denganBinaan: habuk/serbuk/serpai kayu, berbagai saiz, digaul dengan
perekatperekat
- Ukuran: ketumpatan, saiz (4’x8’,6’x8’,3’x6’)Ukuran: ketumpatan, saiz (4’x8’,6’x8’,3’x6’)
- Gred: mengikut pelepasan formaldehyde; E0, E1, E2, E3Gred: mengikut pelepasan formaldehyde; E0, E1, E2, E3
- Susunan: mengikut jenis, saiz, gred, kawasan teduh, dibungkusSusunan: mengikut jenis, saiz, gred, kawasan teduh, dibungkus
plastikplastik
- Kayu pengalas: sama saiz, jarak 2’Kayu pengalas: sama saiz, jarak 2’

Bahan: pelapik mukaBahan: pelapik muka
Formica, MaicaFormica, Maica
AicaAica
High pressure laminate (HPL); Post forming,High pressure laminate (HPL); Post forming,
soft formingsoft forming
- Backing: kertas, plastik, venirBacking: kertas, plastik, venir
- Perekat: contact gluePerekat: contact glue
- Susunan: mengikut jenis, saiz, dibungkusSusunan: mengikut jenis, saiz, dibungkus
- Suhu: terkawal; < 24°CSuhu: terkawal; < 24°C

Bahan: kertas pasirBahan: kertas pasir
Jenis: granit, kaca, silicaJenis: granit, kaca, silica
Gred: paling kasar (00), halus (480)Gred: paling kasar (00), halus (480)
Backing: kertas, kain, plastikBacking: kertas, kain, plastik
Perekat: contact glue, proteinPerekat: contact glue, protein
Kegunaan: mempelas, kemasiapanKegunaan: mempelas, kemasiapan
Bentuk: mengikut mesin; sheet, wide belt, disc, longBentuk: mengikut mesin; sheet, wide belt, disc, long
beltbelt
Simpanan: bilik hawa panas (30°C -35°C; guna lampuSimpanan: bilik hawa panas (30°C -35°C; guna lampu
15 watt)15 watt)
Susunan: kepingan (disusun), gulungan (digantung)Susunan: kepingan (disusun), gulungan (digantung)

Bahan: perekatBahan: perekat
Water-based, oil-basedWater-based, oil-based
PVAC, urea formaldehyde, contact glue, glukosa, hotPVAC, urea formaldehyde, contact glue, glukosa, hot
melt glue, protein, super glue etc.melt glue, protein, super glue etc.
Hardener, retarderHardener, retarder
Shelve life: sebelum campur hardenerShelve life: sebelum campur hardener
Pot life: selepas campur hardenerPot life: selepas campur hardener
Standard guna: kelikatan (viscosity)Standard guna: kelikatan (viscosity)
Bekas: bersih, tiada benda asing, bekas khas, kuantitiBekas: bersih, tiada benda asing, bekas khas, kuantiti
standard i.e. 20kg, 18Lstandard i.e. 20kg, 18L
Bilik: suhu sejuk < 20°C; superglue (peti sejuk)Bilik: suhu sejuk < 20°C; superglue (peti sejuk)

Bahan: minyakBahan: minyak
Kenderaan: petrol, diesel, cylinder, coolant,Kenderaan: petrol, diesel, cylinder, coolant,
transmissiontransmission
Mesin: grease, hydraulicMesin: grease, hydraulic
Gred: SAE (kelikatan)Gred: SAE (kelikatan)
Ukuran: literUkuran: liter
Bekas khas: kedap udara, tiada benda asing,Bekas khas: kedap udara, tiada benda asing,
jauh dari bangunan awamjauh dari bangunan awam
Bilik sejuk (< 18°C), bawah tanahBilik sejuk (< 18°C), bawah tanah

Bahan: kemasiapanBahan: kemasiapan
Nitro cellulose (NC), acid catalyzed (AC), poly urethaneNitro cellulose (NC), acid catalyzed (AC), poly urethane
(PU), cat, varnish, minyak(PU), cat, varnish, minyak
Ukuran kekuatan: resin content, solid contentUkuran kekuatan: resin content, solid content
Kualiti: hardness, durability, kilauanKualiti: hardness, durability, kilauan
Bahan lebur: thinner, air; retarderBahan lebur: thinner, air; retarder
Shelf life; pot lifeShelf life; pot life
Mudah terbakar, terpeluapMudah terbakar, terpeluap
Bekas khas: kedap udara, jauh dari bangunan awamBekas khas: kedap udara, jauh dari bangunan awam
Suhu simpanan: sejuk (< 28°C)Suhu simpanan: sejuk (< 28°C)

Bahan: pengikatBahan: pengikat
Skru, paku, bolt & nut, staples, minifixSkru, paku, bolt & nut, staples, minifix
Spesifikasi: panjang, diameter, bentuk kepala,Spesifikasi: panjang, diameter, bentuk kepala,
bahagian pemutar, bentuk hujung, saduran,bahagian pemutar, bentuk hujung, saduran,
warnawarna
Rosak: karat, berubah warnaRosak: karat, berubah warna
Bungkus: plastik, spesifikasi, kuantiti mudahBungkus: plastik, spesifikasi, kuantiti mudah
Bekas: kotakBekas: kotak
Stor utamaStor utama

Bahan: penyambungBahan: penyambung
Hinges, connector, catchesHinges, connector, catches
Spesifikasi: tempat kegunaan, saiz, model #,Spesifikasi: tempat kegunaan, saiz, model #,
warnawarna
Rosak: karat, gagal berfungsi dengan elokRosak: karat, gagal berfungsi dengan elok
Bungkus: mengikut model, plastik, kuantitiBungkus: mengikut model, plastik, kuantiti
mudahmudah

Bahan: aksessori perabotBahan: aksessori perabot
Tombol laci/pintu, kunci, drawer slide, toe kick,Tombol laci/pintu, kunci, drawer slide, toe kick,
stopperstopper
Spesifikasi: kegunaan, saiz, warna, modelSpesifikasi: kegunaan, saiz, warna, model
Rosak: lusuh, karat, gagal berfungsiRosak: lusuh, karat, gagal berfungsi
Bungkus: mengikut model, kuantiti mudahBungkus: mengikut model, kuantiti mudah

Bahan: aksessori berasaskanBahan: aksessori berasaskan
plastikplastik
Screw caps, slides, adjuster, paddingScrew caps, slides, adjuster, padding
Spesifikasi: saiz, warna, modelSpesifikasi: saiz, warna, model
Bungkus: plastik, kuantiti mudahBungkus: plastik, kuantiti mudah
Suhu: kurang dari suhu bilik (< 28°C)Suhu: kurang dari suhu bilik (< 28°C)

Bahan: fabrik & kulitBahan: fabrik & kulit
KainKain
Bahan: kapas, polyester, wool etc.Bahan: kapas, polyester, wool etc.
Mengikut bentuk tenunanMengikut bentuk tenunan
Spesifikasi: bahan asas, warna, lebar,Spesifikasi: bahan asas, warna, lebar,
ketahanan, modelketahanan, model
Bungkus: gulung (roll), baring, kayu / kodiBungkus: gulung (roll), baring, kayu / kodi
KulitKulit
Stor: kering, suhu > 28°CStor: kering, suhu > 28°C

Bahan: pembungkusanBahan: pembungkusan
Kotak, PU foam, plastik wrapper, strapKotak, PU foam, plastik wrapper, strap
Assembly instruction sheet, write upAssembly instruction sheet, write up
Kotak di pipihkan, ikatKotak di pipihkan, ikat
Dibungkus, bahan tidak jadi lusuhDibungkus, bahan tidak jadi lusuh
Stor: kering, suhu > 32°CStor: kering, suhu > 32°C

Bahan: keselamatan pekerjaBahan: keselamatan pekerja
Dusk mask, ear plug, gloves, safety shoesDusk mask, ear plug, gloves, safety shoes
Pakaian seragam, apronPakaian seragam, apron
Dibungkus plastikDibungkus plastik
diikat dalam kuantiti mudahdiikat dalam kuantiti mudah
Stor utama, keringStor utama, kering

Bahan: alatan pengukuranBahan: alatan pengukuran
Measuring tapes, veneer caliper, gauges,Measuring tapes, veneer caliper, gauges,
moisture metermoisture meter
Simpan keringSimpan kering

Bahan: toolsBahan: tools
Alatan tangan: screw driver, pliers, spanner,Alatan tangan: screw driver, pliers, spanner,
tukul besi, wrenchestukul besi, wrenches
Simpan: kuantiti mudahSimpan: kuantiti mudah

Bahan: mesin toolingBahan: mesin tooling
Knives blade, profile knives, circular saw, bandKnives blade, profile knives, circular saw, band
saw, drill bits, router bitssaw, drill bits, router bits
Disusun atas rak, kotak panelDisusun atas rak, kotak panel
Mudah karatMudah karat
Senggaraan: sapu minyakSenggaraan: sapu minyak
Stor mesinStor mesin

Bahan: senggaraanBahan: senggaraan
Kunci: peti kunciKunci: peti kunci
TanggaTangga
Alatan elektrik: mentol, volt meter, wireAlatan elektrik: mentol, volt meter, wire
Stor sengaraanStor sengaraan

Mesin kecilMesin kecil
Jig saw, hand router, hand trimmer, drill,Jig saw, hand router, hand trimmer, drill,
screw driver dll.: elektrik & air poweredscrew driver dll.: elektrik & air powered
Diberi nombor rujukan unik bagi setiap satuDiberi nombor rujukan unik bagi setiap satu
Nama pengguna dicatitkan mengikut tarikh &Nama pengguna dicatitkan mengikut tarikh &
waktuwaktu
Disimpan dalam setor alatDisimpan dalam setor alat
Dipasang mata & diuji sebelum dan selepasDipasang mata & diuji sebelum dan selepas
dikeluarkan dari setordikeluarkan dari setor

Peralatan semburanPeralatan semburan
Kemasiapan: spray gun, hos, pump, tangki dll.Kemasiapan: spray gun, hos, pump, tangki dll.
Perekatan: spray gun, hos dll.Perekatan: spray gun, hos dll.
Dibersihkan selepas digunakanDibersihkan selepas digunakan
Diberi nombor rujukan unikDiberi nombor rujukan unik
Disimpan di setor semburanDisimpan di setor semburan
Rekodkan nama penggunaRekodkan nama pengguna

Mesin tetapMesin tetap
X-cut saw, rip saw, moulder, panel saw, router,X-cut saw, rip saw, moulder, panel saw, router,
drill, sander, air compressor etc.drill, sander, air compressor etc.
Bekalan elektrik betul & pendawaian selamatBekalan elektrik betul & pendawaian selamat
Alat keselamatan & tooling terkawalAlat keselamatan & tooling terkawal
Terlindung dari cuaca yang melampauTerlindung dari cuaca yang melampau
Mesin diikat dilantai rata dengan kukuhMesin diikat dilantai rata dengan kukuh
Diberi nombor rujukan unikDiberi nombor rujukan unik
Ada jadual senggaraanAda jadual senggaraan
Nama operator / senggaraNama operator / senggara

Peralatan kilangPeralatan kilang
Dust extractor, silo, piping, spray booth,Dust extractor, silo, piping, spray booth,
conveyor, hoist, work bench, perabot dll.conveyor, hoist, work bench, perabot dll.
Ditempatkan / melalui kawasan yangDitempatkan / melalui kawasan yang
selamat.selamat.
Ditanda dengan kod warnaDitanda dengan kod warna
Diperiksa / dibersihkan secara berjadualDiperiksa / dibersihkan secara berjadual

Kenderaan & handling equipmentKenderaan & handling equipment
Pallet truck, forklift, roller conveyor, lori,Pallet truck, forklift, roller conveyor, lori,
van, kereta dll.van, kereta dll.
Disimpan ditempat yang dikhaskanDisimpan ditempat yang dikhaskan
Disenggara mengikut jadualDisenggara mengikut jadual
Operator yang dibenarkan sahajaOperator yang dibenarkan sahaja

Bangunan & kawasanBangunan & kawasan
Bangunan, pondok, tempat letakBangunan, pondok, tempat letak
kenderaan, pagar, parit, tangki kumbahan,kenderaan, pagar, parit, tangki kumbahan,
taman, pintu, tingkap, tangga dll.taman, pintu, tingkap, tangga dll.
Tiada yang tersumbat, kotor, tidak terjagaTiada yang tersumbat, kotor, tidak terjaga
Tiada tempat pembiakanTiada tempat pembiakan
Menugaskan anggota khusus untukMenugaskan anggota khusus untuk
menjaga kawasan dan bangunanmenjaga kawasan dan bangunan
Harta benda selamat & terkawalHarta benda selamat & terkawal

TQM: Concept - TPMTQM: Concept - TPM
5 S’s of Good Housekeeping5 S’s of Good Housekeeping

1) Seiri1) Seiri - disposal of unnecessary things- disposal of unnecessary things

2) Seiton2) Seiton - make sure that things are in the- make sure that things are in the
current placecurrent place

3) Seiso3) Seiso - clean up, sweep & polish- clean up, sweep & polish

4) Seiketsu4) Seiketsu - keep things clean - repeat 1,2 & 3- keep things clean - repeat 1,2 & 3

5) Shitsuke5) Shitsuke - discipline- discipline

5 C’s of Good Housekeeping5 C’s of Good Housekeeping
1)1) Clean outClean out - determine what is necessary &- determine what is necessary &
unnecessary & dispose of the latterunnecessary & dispose of the latter
2)2) ConfigureConfigure - provide a convenient, safe & orderly- provide a convenient, safe & orderly
place for everything & keep it thereplace for everything & keep it there
3)3) Clean & checkClean & check - monitor the condition of the area- monitor the condition of the area
during cleaningduring cleaning
4)4) ConformityConformity - develop the habit of routinely- develop the habit of routinely
maintaining cleanlinessmaintaining cleanliness
5)5) Custom & practiceCustom & practice - train people in the disciplines of- train people in the disciplines of
the 5C’sthe 5C’s

5 S (Bahasa Malaysia)5 S (Bahasa Malaysia)
SisihSisih
SusunSusun
SapuSapu
Selia / SeragamSelia / Seragam
Sentiasa amalSentiasa amal

Ciri organisasi TPMCiri organisasi TPM

Menyatukan bahagian senggaraan &Menyatukan bahagian senggaraan &
pengeluaranpengeluaran

Pasukan kecil terdiri dari operator / penyenggaraPasukan kecil terdiri dari operator / penyenggara

Latihan menjadikan ‘operators feel like owners’Latihan menjadikan ‘operators feel like owners’

Tabiat baik membentuk:Tabiat baik membentuk:
Pembersihan menjadi pemeriksaanPembersihan menjadi pemeriksaan
Pembersihan menampakan kepincanganPembersihan menampakan kepincangan
Kepincangan diperbaikiKepincangan diperbaiki
Pembaikan berterusan untuk peralatan danPembaikan berterusan untuk peralatan dan
suasanasuasana

TQM: Konsep - TPMTQM: Konsep - TPM
Step 1
(what does the company require?)
Step 2
(is everything
in order?)
Step 3
(clean up)
Step 4
(keep clean)
Step 5
(educate people
about the rules)

Sasaran TPMSasaran TPM

Memaksimakan keberkesanan peralatanMemaksimakan keberkesanan peralatan

Membentuk sistem PM disepanjang hayatMembentuk sistem PM disepanjang hayat
peralatan tersebutperalatan tersebut

Dilaksanakan di semua bahagianDilaksanakan di semua bahagian

Melibatkan semua pekerjaMelibatkan semua pekerja

Mempromosikan PM melalui pengurusanMempromosikan PM melalui pengurusan
motivasi – aktiviti kumpulan kecilmotivasi – aktiviti kumpulan kecil

5 aktiviti pembangunan TPM:5 aktiviti pembangunan TPM:
1)1) Menghapuskan 6 punca kerugian utamaMenghapuskan 6 punca kerugian utama
(slide berikut) untuk memanjang hayat(slide berikut) untuk memanjang hayat
peralatan.peralatan.
2)2) Program senggaraan yang bebasProgram senggaraan yang bebas
3)3) Program senggaraan terancangProgram senggaraan terancang
4)4) Meningkatkan kemahiran anggota operasi &Meningkatkan kemahiran anggota operasi &
senggaraansenggaraan
5)5) Program pengurusan peralatan asasProgram pengurusan peralatan asas

Fokus TPM keatas 6 punca utamaFokus TPM keatas 6 punca utama
kerugian peralatankerugian peralatan
1) Peralatan tidak berfungsi1) Peralatan tidak berfungsi
2) Set-up & adjustment time2) Set-up & adjustment time
3) idling & minor stoppages3) idling & minor stoppages
4) Mengurankan kelajuan4) Mengurankan kelajuan
5) Kecacatan proses5) Kecacatan proses
6) Mengurangkan hasil perolehan6) Mengurangkan hasil perolehan
Kumpulan kecil yang bebas fokus kepadaKumpulan kecil yang bebas fokus kepada
6 punca utama kerugian6 punca utama kerugian

Kita tangguhkan dulu.Kita tangguhkan dulu.

Materials, logistic & inventories

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