1. Biomass &Waste-to-Energy in Africa
Cambridge Industries & DPCleanTech
PowerGen Africa 2014
CAPETOWN SOUTH AFRICA
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2. How it all began
Biomass Technology Developed in Denmark
2004 to China
2013 Arriving in Africa
Create Awareness
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3. African PowerToday:
An Unsustainable Reliance on Fossil Fuels
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40%
29%
12%
19%Coal (40%)
Natural Gas (29%)
Oil Products (12%)
Renewables (19%)
Hydro (84%)
Nuclear
debate (10.5)
Renewable Energy Sources (19% of total installed capacity)

4. Comparisons across Renewables:
Stands Out for Suitability and Location
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Suitability for Africa Location
Biomass Gasification Low maximum capacity out put, but
high efficiency and low CapEx
Requires close proximity to
major biomass producers
Hydro (>10 MWe) Rural location means high
transmission costs to urban centers
Large hydro concentrated
Lower Congo, Upper Nile Rivers
W2E & Biomass
incineration
Highest efficiency, competitive
pricing, solves growing social
problem of waste disposal
Excellent potential across
Africa - every urban center &
remote areas
Geothermal Very limited opportunities
High cost of exploration (risky)
Limited to East Africa
Onshore Wind Long development periods,
higher/more technical O&M
Concentrated in North and
East/South coastal areas
Solar (CSP Grid- connected) High capex, low efficiency, new
technology
Desert areas in North, East and
Southern Africa
Solar PV (Grid connected) High capex, low efficiency, costly
storage
Good, evenly spread potential
across Africa

5. Cambridge’s & DPCT’sTechnology:
Extraordinary Environmental, Socio-Economic Benefits
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Our Green Core
Relevant in all countries in
Africa – a consistent and
growing feedstock that is a
burden to every
government in Africa
Can be located at points of
power consumption avoiding
expensive transmission costs
Does not interfere with
existing recycling efforts, an
argument against WtE in the
West but moot in Africa
Recycling
Making
Waste
Valuable
Cambridge & DPCleanTech plants offer an emerging market solution that also
addresses a huge social and health problem in Africa - the safe disposal of
waste.
Location

6. How we Utilize, Manage and Retain
but more important how to improve
We are talking about the next generation Biomass Incineration Technology
Better performances, availability, consumption, lower CAPEX & OPEX
Understanding your fuel
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7. Tech talk
High Pressure High Temperature is responsible
The Heat Balance ( 540 C / 92 Bar / 210 C )
Full EPC scope
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8. Comparison
Comparison 10 MWe Wheat straw MPMT vs HPHT
Units MPMT HPHT
Consumption of
Biomass Kg per hours 11.000 8000
Parasitic load
Kw/h 1.3 MWe 1 MWe
Availability Hours per year 6000 to 6500 7500 to 8200
Scheduled
maintenance Per year 4 1
Unscheduled
maintenance Per year 2 0
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9. Reference Plant (1 of 90)
30 MWe Mixed fuel HPHT
Power Plant Specification
Installed capacity: 30MW
Internal Consumption: 10%
Boiler designer and manufacturer: DPCT
Fuel: Woodchips
Fuel calorific value (10% moisture): 16MJ/kg
Maximum water content: 25%
Fuel consumption: 25tph
Alternative fuel: Cornstalk
Bark, husk
Plant availability: 7800h/y
Steam production: 130tph
Steamtemperature:5 540°C
Steam pressure: 92bar
Feed water temperature: 210°C
Boiler efficiency: >91%
Plant efficiency: >33%
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10. Cambridge’s & DPCleanTech’s Inaugural Waste-
to-Energy Project: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Additional 475MW projects (MoU)Addis Ababa, Ethiopia – Rappie WtE
•The 25MWe facility will be located adjacent to the largest
landfill in Ethiopia’s capital, and will be delivered on a
turnkey basis to EEP, the National Power Generator in
Ethiopia.
•Plant capable of producing additional revenue from
building materials (bricks, road aggregates made from
waste ash) and recycled metals – combined revenue in
Ethiopia estimated at over USD 4 million per year.
Strong Project Development Team
• Execution stage of the EPC contract to develop the
facility, only 9 months following origination.
•Cambridge & DPCleanTech are negotiating with EEP to
install plants on the same turnkey basis in 7 other cities in
Ethiopia, with a total combined capacity of 475 MW.
Cambridge & DPCleanTech have developed the ground work for an Ethiopian plant, which will
be the first Waste-to-Energy facility in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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11. Unique Waste-to-EnergyTechnology:
Waste Disposal & Energy Generation
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Cambridge, CNEEC & DPCT have developed a proprietary combination of core Western technology with a Far-
Eastern Balance of Plant resulting in per MWe costs of around US$ 4 million, making this green energy
solution cost-effective for Africa.

12. Waste to Energy
Waste Disposal
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WtE Plant takes all waste dumped at the open site which are then mixed through large cranes and
then inserted into special burning grates. Our fuel is the least wanted garbage destined for landfill.

13. Waste-to-EnergyTechnology:
Combustion & Steam Generating
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Grate: A special grate from Licensed from Martin Germany with its unparalleled track-record of building grates
geared towards developing countries with MSW of low calorific value and high moisture content.
Boilers: World class boilers manufactured by DP CleanTech (Denmark)

14. Waste-to-EnergyTechnology:
Flue GasTreatment
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Flue Gas Treatment: The plant meets the strictest emissions guidelines through DPCT’s Flue Gas
Treatment solutions, customized for the unique composition of waste in Africa.
Cambridge’s plants match the environmental standards promulgated by the EU.

15. Waste-to-EnergyTechnology:
Residual Ash to Bricks
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Ash (sludge & fly ash): The ash from the WtE facility is used in road construction and to make bricks. A
1,000 tpd WtE facility has a capacity to produce 20,000 bricks every day. This creates additional
income to the facility owner and reuses 100% of the waste.

16. City Garbage Collectors (Ethiopia)
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Cambridge & DPCleanTech have a partnership in with Gerum Motors, an Ethiopian automobile
manufacturer that will supply waste-collection vehicles associated with our Waste-to-Energy facilities.
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Km/L
500Kg
Load
Clean
Cheap

17. Comparisons across Renewables:
Low Actual Cost and High Plant Capacity Factor
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Cost / ($ MWe) Availability
Factor
“Actual” Cost Plant Lifetime
Cambridge DPCT
Biomass
2.0 90% 2.2 30
Hydro (>10
MWe)
1.5 45% 3.3 50
Cambridge DPCT
W2E
3.5 90% 3.9 30
Geothermal 5.00 80% 6.3 30
Onshore Wind 1.75 25% 7.0 15
Solar (CSP Grid-
connected) *
5.50 30% 18 30
Solar PV (Grid
connected)
3.00 20% 15 30

18. Thank you.
For More Information Contact
Samuel Alemayehu (AddisAbaba)
salemayehu@cambridge-industries.com
Robbert Klein Langenhorst (Bangkok, AddisAbaba)
robbert.klein@dpcleantech.com