1. Assessment of Obesity
By,
Pranav Khawale,
BNYS, 3rd year,
SVYASA.

2. Contents
• What is Obesity
• Types of obesity
• Epidemiological determinants
• Classification of obesity according to BMI
• Assessment about obesity
• Body weight
• Skin fold thickness
• Waist circumference and waist : Hip ratio
• Other
• Hazards of obesity
• Increased morbidity
• Increased mortality
• Prevention and control
•References

3. Obesity
• Obesity is defined as
– an abnormal growth of the adipose tissue due to an
enlargement of fat cell size
– or an increase in fat cell number
-WHO

4. Types of obesity
• Android obesity
• Gynoid obesity

5. Childhood obesity

6. Epidemiological determinants
 Age  Family tendency
 Sex  Endocrine factors
 Genetic factors  Alcohol
 Physical inactivity  Smoking
 Socio-economical status  Education
 Eating habits  Ethnicity
 Psychological factors  Drugs

7. Classification of obesity according to
BMI

9. Assessment of Obesity
• Body composition
• The active mass (muscle, liver, heart act.)
• The fatty mass (fat)
• The extracellular fluid (blood, lymph, etc)
• The connective tissue (skin, bones, connecting tissue)

10. Body weight
• Body mass index
kg Meter

11. Skin fold thickness
• A large proportion of total body fat is located just
under the skin
• It is a rapid and non-invasive method for
assessing body fat
• The measurement may be taken at all the four
sites
• Mid-triceps
• Biceps
• Subscapular
• Suprailiac region

12. Waist circumference and waist : Hip ratio
• Waist circumference is measured at the mid
point between the lower border of the rib cage
and the iliac crest

13. Others…
• Total body water
• Total body potassium
• Body density

14. Hazards of Obesity
Morbidity
HTN

15. Prevention and control
• Dietary changes
• Carbohydrate
Reduced
• Fats
• Fibre content diet

16. • Increased physical exercise
• Most important part of weight reducing programme
• Regular physical exercise is key to an increase energy
expenditure

17. • Others
• Appetite suppressing drugs to control of obesity
• Surgical treatment
» Gastric bypass
» Gastroplasty, etc
• Obesity prevention programmes

18. References
• WHO (1995). Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 854
• WHO (1995). Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 894
• Oliver, M.F.(1981). In: medicine international,
1 (15) 664