Taller Metodológico Territorialidad y Movilidad Humana en Centroamérica. Presentación Susana Hecht. Panel 3

1. The New Rurality: Globalization, landscapes and the dynamics of forests lost and found Susanna B Hecht Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton School of Public Policy, UCLA

5. Forest cover history in the US

6. 3D Image of El Salvador Landsat TM & SRTM DEM

8. Table 1 compares the diversity of El Salvador with other countries in Central America. Table 1 Biotic Diversity in Central America (Number of species per 10,000 km2) Source: World Resources Institute (1996) 6,421 95 125 496 120 1,569,000 Costa Rica 4,618 84 116 477 112 2,123,000 Panama 3,003 25 69 322 86 6,027,000 Nicaragua 2,252 25 68 308 78 4,608,000 Honduras 3,638 45 105 304 114 4,253,000 Guatemala 1,956 18 57 365 106 167,000 El Salvador Higher Plants Amphibian Reptiles Birds Mammals Forest Area Country

9. Percent Tree Cover AVHRR 92-93 MODIS 00-01 0-10% 11-25% 26-40% 41-55% 56-70% 71-100%

10. TABLE 1 ______________________________________________________________________________ Table 1: Percent tree cover change 1992(AVHRR) to 2001 (MODIS) _____________________________________________________________________________ percent woody cover 1992 2001 0-10percent 6.9 0.9 11-25percent 21.3 5.6 26-40percent 28.9 31.4 41-55percent 19.3 30.8 56-70percent 12.2 13.8 71-100percent 11.2 14.6 ______________________________________________________________________________ Source: Hecht & Saatchi, 2005.

12. MASS (3% Territory) 19% pob. in ’71 32% pob. in ’00 Southeast 33% territory 28% pop. in ‘71 20% pop. in ‘00 2000 1.2 1971 1.0 1971 1.9 2000 4.1 Southwest includes MASS 33% territory 53% pob. in ’71 67% pob. in ’00 Map 1 El Salvador: Population Distribution by Zones, 1971 -2000 (Millions of inhabitants) SOURCE: PRISMA, based on population census. North 34% territory 19% pob.in ‘71 13% pob . in ‘00 1971 0.7 2000 0.7

16. El Salvador: Changes in the primary sources of foreign exchange, 1978 and 2000 * Coffee, cotton, sugar, shrimp. Note: The table does not include exports to Central America. Source: PRISMA (2002) based on data from the Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador 893 589 Total excluding remittances 100% 100% 2,643 640 Total 66% 8% 599% 10% 1,750 51 Remittances 17% 3% 156% 4% 456 21 Maquila (net income) 5% 8% 50% 11% 145 54 Non-Trad exports outside Central America 11% 81% 100% 100% 292 514 Traditional agro-exports* 2000 1978 2000 1978 2000 1978 Structure (%) Percent of Traditional Agro Exports Millions of Dollars

17. El Salvador: Percentage of households that receive remittances by department

19. Table Migration and remittances in Central America Country Net migration Remittances Remittances as Remittances Per 1000 US Millions % Direct Foreign GDP % Investment El Salvador 3.8 2,206 823.7 15.44 Guatemala 1.7 1,689 370.8 7.26 Honduras 2.0 770 394.0 11.68 Mexico 2.6 10,502 42 . 1.65 Nicaragua 1.3 759 573.7 36.71 ________________________________________________________________________