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Saint Paul Fire Station
Green Roof Interpretive CenterGreen Roof Interpretive Center
and Garden Classroom
Photo of Green Roof Courtesy Minnesota Green Roof Council
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Photo of Green Roof - Courtesy Minnesota Green Roof Council
Green Roof Interpretive Center and
G d ClGarden Classroom
By
Loren E Abraham AIA LEED®
AP
Bird’s eye photo of completed green roof
Loren E Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
Abraham + Associates Architecture + Planning
Adjunct Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, University of Minnesota
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Final Design Scheme
GREEN ROOF PLAN
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Final Design Schemeg
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Perspective View Looking West
PP11 Native Vines
PP 5Vegetable Garden PP 5 PP 5
Meadow
Garden
PP 1
Prairie
PP 5
Meadow
Garden
PP 5
Int. Meadow
G d
Vegetable Garden
PP 3
PP 5PP 5
PP 10
No-mow
Turf
PP 2 Succulent
Wildflower
Garden
PP 4
Garden
PP 1
Prairie Wildflower
Garden
PP 3
Woodland
Garden
PP 1
PP 6
PP 4
Savannah
PP 3
Woodland
Garden
PP 8
PP 7 Int.
Wetland
PP 9
Wetland PP 3
PP 8 Int.
Woodland
Garden
Garden
PP 3
Woodland
PP 6
Shady Garden
Garden
Garden
PP 6 Int. Shady Garden
GREEN ROOF PLAN
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palettes
Des. Description Area
PP1 Extensive Prairie Wildflower Garden 586
PP2 Extensive Succulent/Wildflower Garden 533
PP3 Extensive Woodland Garden 1003
PP4 Intensive Savannah/Wildflower Garden 95
PP5 Intensive Meadow Garden 747
PP6 Intensive Shady Garden 495
PP7 Intensive Wetland Garden 65
PP8 Intensive Wildflower Garden 149
PP9 Extensive Wetland Garden 30
PP10 No-mow Turf (Pregrown vegetative mat) 631
PP11 Vining plants for Treillage,"trees" and trellisses 233
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 1
Extensive Prairie Wildflower Garden
The Plants below are native and able to grow in shallow green roof conditions
Allium Cernuum
(Nodding Onion)
deciduous wildflower Anemone Patens
(Pasque Flower)
prairie wildflower
Coreopsis palmate
(Prairie Coreopsis)
prairie wildflower
Geum triflorum
Prairie Smoke
Wildflower
Lobelia spicata
Spiked Lobelia
Wildflower
Rudbeckia hirta
Black-Eyed Susan
Savannah
Asclepias verticillata
Whorled Milkweed
Wildflower
Antennaria neglecta
Pussytoes
Wildflower
Bouteloua curtipendula
(Side-oats Grama
Meadow Grass
Opuntia fragilis
Brittle opuntia (Prickly Pear)
Wildflower
Aquilegia canadensis
Columbine
Wildflower
Arennaria stricta
Sandwort
Wildflower
Aster sericeus
Smooth Aster
Wildflower
Campanula rotundifolia
Harebell
Wildflower
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
The Plants below are drought tolerant and able to grow in shallow green roof conditions
Allium schoenoprasum
wildflower
Opuntia humifusa Sedum ‘
Green Spruce’
Sedum album
teretifolium ‘Murale’
Sedum divergens
Sedum ewersii Sedum kamtschaticum Sedum sexangulare
Sedum sichotense Sedum spurium
‘Fuldaglut’
Sedum stenopetalum
Sempervivum mix
Plant Palette 2
Extensive Succulent/Wildflower Garden
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 3
Extensive Woodland Garden
Anemone canadensis
Canadian Anemone
Woodland (shade plants)
Aquilegia canadensis
Columbine
Woodland (shade plants)
Carex pensylvanica
Pensylvania Sedge
Woodland
Bromus purgans
Hairy Wood Chess
Woodland (shade plants)
Adiantum pedatum
Maidenhair Fern
Woodland (shade plants)
Allium tricoccum
Wild Leek
Woodland
(shade plants)
Allium stellatum
Prairie Onion
Woodland
(shade plants)
Caltha palustris
Yellow Marsh Marigold
Woodland (shade plants)
Aster shortii
Short’s Aster
Woodland
(shade plants)
Polemonium reptans
Jacob's Ladder
Woodland (shade plants)
Alchemilla mollis
Lion’s Foot
Woodland (shade plants)
Blephilia hirsuta
Hairy Wood Mint
Woodland (shade plants)
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 4
Intensive Savannah/Wildflower Garden
Pycnanthemum pilosum
Hairy Mountain Mint
Savannah
Thaspium trifoliatum
Meadow Parsnip
Savannah
Bromus kalmii
Prairie Brome
Savannah
Schizachyrium scoparium
(Little Bluestem)
native grass
Myrris odorata
Sweet Cicely
Savannah
Sporobolus heterolepis
(Prairie Dropseed)
native grass
Diarrhena americana
Beak Grass
Savannah
Symphyotrichum shortii
Short's Aster
Savannah
Echinacea purpurea
Purple Coneflower
Gentiana flavida
Cream Gentian
Savannah
Penstemon digitalis
(White Beardtoungue)
Wildflower
butterflies
Polygonatum commutatum
Solomon's Seal
woodland
Taenidia integerrima
Yellow Pimpernel
Savannah
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 5
Intensive Meadow Garden
Penstemon digitalis
(White Beardtoungue)
Wildflower
butterflies
Liatris pycnostachya
Prairie Blazing Star
Meadow
Schizachyrium scoparium
(Little Bluestem)
native grass
Baptisia leucantha
White Wild Indigo
Meadow
Allium Cernuum
(Nodding Onion)
deciduous wildflower
Bouteloua curtipendula
(Side-oats Grama
Meadow Grass
Eryngium yuccifolium
Rattlesnake Master
Meadow (short
grass prairie)
Dalea purpurea
(Purple Prairie Clover)
prairie and rocky
area wildflower
Aster laevis
Smooth Blue Aster
Meadow (short grass
prairie)
Echinacea pallida
Pale Purple Cone-
flower Meadow
(short grass prairie)
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 6
Intensive Shady Garden
Aster drumondii
Drummond’s Aster
Woodland (shade
plants)
Asclepias exaltata
Poke Milkweed
Woodland (shade
plants)
Campanulastrum
americanum (L.)
Small Tall Bellflower
Woodland (shade
plants)
Elymus villosus
Silky Wild Rye
Shade
Osmunda cinnamomea
Cinnamon Fern
Woodland
(shade plants)
Anemone canadensis
Canadian Anemone
Woodland (shade plants)
Aquilegia canadensis
Columbine
Woodland (shade plants)
Carex pensylvanica
Pensylvania Sedge
Woodland
Bromus purgans
Hairy Wood Chess
Woodland (shade
plants)
Pycnanthemum pilosum
Hairy Mountain Mint
Savannah
Thaspium trifoliatum
Meadow Parsnip
Savannah
Blephilia hirsuta
Hairy Wood Mint
woodland
Athyrium filix-femina
Lady Fern Woodland
(shade plants)
Hydrophyllum
appendiculatum Great
Waterleaf Woodland
(shade plants)
Astrophytum
myriostigma Bishop’s
Cap Woodland (shade
plants)
Mertensia virginica
Virginia Bluebells
Woodland (shade
plants)
Arisaema triphyllum
Jack in the Pulpit
Woodland (shade
plants)
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 7
Intensive Wetland Garden
Liatris pycnostachya
Prairie Blazing Star Wet
to Wet Mesic Prairie
Brasenia schreberi
Native Watershield
Floating Leaved
Plants
Nelumbo lutea
(Willd.) Pers. Yellow
Lotus Floating
Leaved Plants
Lobelia siphilitica Great
Blue Lobelia
Spartina pectinata Prairie
cord-grass Wet to Wet
Mesic Prairie
Platanthera praeclara
Western Prairie
Fringed Orchid Wet to
Wet Mesic Prairie
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 9
Extensive Wetland Garden
Penstemon hirsutus
(Hairy Beardstoungue)
wildflower
Iris versicolor
Blue Flag Iris
Shallow Marsh,
shoreline
Sagittaria latifolia Willd.
Broad Leaved Arrowhead
Shallow Marsh
Pycnanthemum virginianum
Common Mountain Mint Wet
to Wet Mesic Prairie
Floating Leaved Plants:
Nymphaea spp. (Waterlillies)
Brasenia schreberi (Native Watershield)
(yellow lotus)
(Cow lilies)
Abundantly growing aquatic plants:
Submerged:
Myriophyllum exalbescens (Northern watermilfoil)
Ceratyophyllum demersum (Coontail)
Elodea Canadensis (Canada waterweed)
Emergent:
Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia (Cattalis)
Scirpus spp. (Bulrushes)
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 10
No-mow Turf Grass
Fescue grasses from the genus Festuca:
– slow growing
– narrow leaved
– shade tolerant
This low maintenance "No Mow" turf mix contains
single season rye grass seeds for soil stability and
quick growth of green lawn. The Fescue seeds are no
different from those in our other "No Mow" turf mix.
Both contain a specially designed blend of six low-
growing Fine Fescue turf grasses, which will: Grow to
form a dense turf, Thrive in full sun or partial shade,
Require little if any watering or fertilizing, Biologically
reduce weed growth, once established, Require limited
mowing, usually only once or twice a year, Reduce
your lawn maintenance dramatically.
~Prairie Nursery in Westfield, WI
Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP
abraham + associates architecture and planning
Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul
St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
Plant Palette 11
Native Vines for Minnesota
Lonicera brownii (Dropmore scarlet honeysuckle)
partial sun, fertile well drained soil, very winter hardy and easy to grow, fast growing, needs
support trellis right after planting, boasts scarlet-orange, tubular flowers from June to
September, attracts hummingbirds
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper)
partial sun, cold hardy, grows quickly, tough, requires little maintenance, small fruits it bears
attract birds, can be invasive, prune to control size
Scarlet honeysuckle
Virginia Creeper
Virginia Creeper

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St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Plant Pallettes

  • 1. Saint Paul Fire Station Green Roof Interpretive CenterGreen Roof Interpretive Center and Garden Classroom Photo of Green Roof Courtesy Minnesota Green Roof Council Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Photo of Green Roof - Courtesy Minnesota Green Roof Council
  • 2. Green Roof Interpretive Center and G d ClGarden Classroom By Loren E Abraham AIA LEED® AP Bird’s eye photo of completed green roof Loren E Abraham, AIA, LEED AP Abraham + Associates Architecture + Planning Adjunct Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, University of Minnesota Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
  • 3. Final Design Scheme GREEN ROOF PLAN Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
  • 4. Final Design Schemeg Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Perspective View Looking West
  • 5. PP11 Native Vines PP 5Vegetable Garden PP 5 PP 5 Meadow Garden PP 1 Prairie PP 5 Meadow Garden PP 5 Int. Meadow G d Vegetable Garden PP 3 PP 5PP 5 PP 10 No-mow Turf PP 2 Succulent Wildflower Garden PP 4 Garden PP 1 Prairie Wildflower Garden PP 3 Woodland Garden PP 1 PP 6 PP 4 Savannah PP 3 Woodland Garden PP 8 PP 7 Int. Wetland PP 9 Wetland PP 3 PP 8 Int. Woodland Garden Garden PP 3 Woodland PP 6 Shady Garden Garden Garden PP 6 Int. Shady Garden GREEN ROOF PLAN Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning From various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom
  • 6. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palettes Des. Description Area PP1 Extensive Prairie Wildflower Garden 586 PP2 Extensive Succulent/Wildflower Garden 533 PP3 Extensive Woodland Garden 1003 PP4 Intensive Savannah/Wildflower Garden 95 PP5 Intensive Meadow Garden 747 PP6 Intensive Shady Garden 495 PP7 Intensive Wetland Garden 65 PP8 Intensive Wildflower Garden 149 PP9 Extensive Wetland Garden 30 PP10 No-mow Turf (Pregrown vegetative mat) 631 PP11 Vining plants for Treillage,"trees" and trellisses 233
  • 7. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 1 Extensive Prairie Wildflower Garden The Plants below are native and able to grow in shallow green roof conditions Allium Cernuum (Nodding Onion) deciduous wildflower Anemone Patens (Pasque Flower) prairie wildflower Coreopsis palmate (Prairie Coreopsis) prairie wildflower Geum triflorum Prairie Smoke Wildflower Lobelia spicata Spiked Lobelia Wildflower Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan Savannah Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed Wildflower Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes Wildflower Bouteloua curtipendula (Side-oats Grama Meadow Grass Opuntia fragilis Brittle opuntia (Prickly Pear) Wildflower Aquilegia canadensis Columbine Wildflower Arennaria stricta Sandwort Wildflower Aster sericeus Smooth Aster Wildflower Campanula rotundifolia Harebell Wildflower
  • 8. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom The Plants below are drought tolerant and able to grow in shallow green roof conditions Allium schoenoprasum wildflower Opuntia humifusa Sedum ‘ Green Spruce’ Sedum album teretifolium ‘Murale’ Sedum divergens Sedum ewersii Sedum kamtschaticum Sedum sexangulare Sedum sichotense Sedum spurium ‘Fuldaglut’ Sedum stenopetalum Sempervivum mix Plant Palette 2 Extensive Succulent/Wildflower Garden
  • 9. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 3 Extensive Woodland Garden Anemone canadensis Canadian Anemone Woodland (shade plants) Aquilegia canadensis Columbine Woodland (shade plants) Carex pensylvanica Pensylvania Sedge Woodland Bromus purgans Hairy Wood Chess Woodland (shade plants) Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern Woodland (shade plants) Allium tricoccum Wild Leek Woodland (shade plants) Allium stellatum Prairie Onion Woodland (shade plants) Caltha palustris Yellow Marsh Marigold Woodland (shade plants) Aster shortii Short’s Aster Woodland (shade plants) Polemonium reptans Jacob's Ladder Woodland (shade plants) Alchemilla mollis Lion’s Foot Woodland (shade plants) Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint Woodland (shade plants)
  • 10. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 4 Intensive Savannah/Wildflower Garden Pycnanthemum pilosum Hairy Mountain Mint Savannah Thaspium trifoliatum Meadow Parsnip Savannah Bromus kalmii Prairie Brome Savannah Schizachyrium scoparium (Little Bluestem) native grass Myrris odorata Sweet Cicely Savannah Sporobolus heterolepis (Prairie Dropseed) native grass Diarrhena americana Beak Grass Savannah Symphyotrichum shortii Short's Aster Savannah Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower Gentiana flavida Cream Gentian Savannah Penstemon digitalis (White Beardtoungue) Wildflower butterflies Polygonatum commutatum Solomon's Seal woodland Taenidia integerrima Yellow Pimpernel Savannah
  • 11. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 5 Intensive Meadow Garden Penstemon digitalis (White Beardtoungue) Wildflower butterflies Liatris pycnostachya Prairie Blazing Star Meadow Schizachyrium scoparium (Little Bluestem) native grass Baptisia leucantha White Wild Indigo Meadow Allium Cernuum (Nodding Onion) deciduous wildflower Bouteloua curtipendula (Side-oats Grama Meadow Grass Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake Master Meadow (short grass prairie) Dalea purpurea (Purple Prairie Clover) prairie and rocky area wildflower Aster laevis Smooth Blue Aster Meadow (short grass prairie) Echinacea pallida Pale Purple Cone- flower Meadow (short grass prairie)
  • 12. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 6 Intensive Shady Garden Aster drumondii Drummond’s Aster Woodland (shade plants) Asclepias exaltata Poke Milkweed Woodland (shade plants) Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small Tall Bellflower Woodland (shade plants) Elymus villosus Silky Wild Rye Shade Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Woodland (shade plants) Anemone canadensis Canadian Anemone Woodland (shade plants) Aquilegia canadensis Columbine Woodland (shade plants) Carex pensylvanica Pensylvania Sedge Woodland Bromus purgans Hairy Wood Chess Woodland (shade plants) Pycnanthemum pilosum Hairy Mountain Mint Savannah Thaspium trifoliatum Meadow Parsnip Savannah Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint woodland Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern Woodland (shade plants) Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Great Waterleaf Woodland (shade plants) Astrophytum myriostigma Bishop’s Cap Woodland (shade plants) Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Woodland (shade plants) Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the Pulpit Woodland (shade plants)
  • 13. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 7 Intensive Wetland Garden Liatris pycnostachya Prairie Blazing Star Wet to Wet Mesic Prairie Brasenia schreberi Native Watershield Floating Leaved Plants Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) Pers. Yellow Lotus Floating Leaved Plants Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Spartina pectinata Prairie cord-grass Wet to Wet Mesic Prairie Platanthera praeclara Western Prairie Fringed Orchid Wet to Wet Mesic Prairie
  • 14. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 9 Extensive Wetland Garden Penstemon hirsutus (Hairy Beardstoungue) wildflower Iris versicolor Blue Flag Iris Shallow Marsh, shoreline Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Broad Leaved Arrowhead Shallow Marsh Pycnanthemum virginianum Common Mountain Mint Wet to Wet Mesic Prairie Floating Leaved Plants: Nymphaea spp. (Waterlillies) Brasenia schreberi (Native Watershield) (yellow lotus) (Cow lilies) Abundantly growing aquatic plants: Submerged: Myriophyllum exalbescens (Northern watermilfoil) Ceratyophyllum demersum (Coontail) Elodea Canadensis (Canada waterweed) Emergent: Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia (Cattalis) Scirpus spp. (Bulrushes)
  • 15. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 10 No-mow Turf Grass Fescue grasses from the genus Festuca: – slow growing – narrow leaved – shade tolerant This low maintenance "No Mow" turf mix contains single season rye grass seeds for soil stability and quick growth of green lawn. The Fescue seeds are no different from those in our other "No Mow" turf mix. Both contain a specially designed blend of six low- growing Fine Fescue turf grasses, which will: Grow to form a dense turf, Thrive in full sun or partial shade, Require little if any watering or fertilizing, Biologically reduce weed growth, once established, Require limited mowing, usually only once or twice a year, Reduce your lawn maintenance dramatically. ~Prairie Nursery in Westfield, WI
  • 16. Loren Abraham, AIA, LEED AP abraham + associates architecture and planning Taken from various Presentations to the City of St. Paul St. Paul Fire Station Green Roof Garden Classroom Plant Palette 11 Native Vines for Minnesota Lonicera brownii (Dropmore scarlet honeysuckle) partial sun, fertile well drained soil, very winter hardy and easy to grow, fast growing, needs support trellis right after planting, boasts scarlet-orange, tubular flowers from June to September, attracts hummingbirds Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) partial sun, cold hardy, grows quickly, tough, requires little maintenance, small fruits it bears attract birds, can be invasive, prune to control size Scarlet honeysuckle Virginia Creeper Virginia Creeper