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For more details, you can visit the youtube channel https://youtu.be/wNALYeD9xc4 Introduction: Lipids are fats which are essential for the body and that required to perform some functions. These tings gets synthesized by the liver and they will be get absorbed by the other body parts. Triglycerides and Cholesterol are the main lipids in the living cell. Triglycerides acts as storage house of energy in adipocytes and muscle cell Cholesterol is ubiquitous constituent of cell membrane, steroids, bile acids and signalling molecule and produces steroid hormones Function of lipids: They are the important sources of energy and they all are most energy rich of all class of nutrients. They form the structural components of cell membrane and forms various messengers and signalling molecules within the body. Lipids function as mechanical support for the vital body organs. Definition: lipids are biomolecules composed of long chain hydrocarbon chains formed mainly by ester linkage between alcohol and fatty acids
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For more details, you can visit the youtube channel https://youtu.be/wNALYeD9xc4 Introduction: Lipids are fats which are essential for the body and that required to perform some functions. These tings gets synthesized by the liver and they will be get absorbed by the other body parts. Triglycerides and Cholesterol are the main lipids in the living cell. Triglycerides acts as storage house of energy in adipocytes and muscle cell Cholesterol is ubiquitous constituent of cell membrane, steroids, bile acids and signalling molecule and produces steroid hormones Function of lipids: They are the important sources of energy and they all are most energy rich of all class of nutrients. They form the structural components of cell membrane and forms various messengers and signalling molecules within the body. Lipids function as mechanical support for the vital body organs. Definition: lipids are biomolecules composed of long chain hydrocarbon chains formed mainly by ester linkage between alcohol and fatty acids
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Beta-oxidation is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetyl-coa, which enters the citric acid cycle, and NADH and FADH2, which are co-enzymes used in the electron transport . Tryglycerides having one glycerol and three fatty acids . Glycerol and fatty acids are separated with the help of enzyme lipase . Free fatty acids can enter into the blood stream for metabolism . There are two tissues in the body which can not metabolise it are RBCs and Brain(nervous tissue) which do not contain mitochondria. Step 1: Once the triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids they must be activated before they can enter into the mitochondria and proceed on with beta-oxidation. This is done by Acyl-CoA synthetase to yield fatty acyl-CoA. After the fatty acid has been acylated it is now ready to enter into the mitochondria. Step 3: There are two carrier proteins (Carnitine acyltransferase I and II), Step 4: Once inside the mitochondria the fatty acyl-CoA can enter into beta-oxidation Oxidation: A fatty acyl-CoA is oxidized by Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase to yield a trans alkene. This is done with the aid of an [FAD] prosthetic group. Hydration: The trans alkene is then hydrated with the help of Enoyl-CoA hydratase. The alcohol of the hydroxyacly-CoA is then oxidized by NAD+ to a carbonyl with the help of Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Finally acetyl-CoA is cleaved off with the help of Thiolase to yield an Acyl-CoA that is two carbons shorter than before. The cleaved acetyl-CoA can then enter into the TCA and ETC because it is already within the mitochondria. Conclusions : Fatty acid β-oxidation is major metabolic pathway that is responsible for the mitochondrial breakdown of long-chain acyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA. This process involves many steps that are regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level
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Lipid absorption and mobilization
1.
Chapter 16 (Part
1) Lipid Absorption and Mobilization TEACHER JERRY SWAY
2.
Lipoproteins
3.
4.
5.
LDL Receptor
6.
Plaque Build up
in Artery
7.
Energy Reserves of
a 150 lb Man • 100,000 kcal of TAG, 25,000 kcal protein, 600 kcal glycogen, 40 kcal glucose. • 24 lbs of body weight is TAG • Would need 121lbs of glycogen to store the same amount of energy
8.
Absorption and Mobilization
of TAG
9.
Bile Salt
10.
11.
Storage of FAT
12.
Mobilization of Fat
13.
Mobilization of Fat
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