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Gribb integration of planning documents into a spatial decision
1. Integration of Planning Documents into a Spatial Decision Support System: Practical Applications for a Forgotten Element
William J. Gribb
Paddington Hodza
Jeffrey Hamerlinck
Wyoming Geographic Information Science Center
University of Wyoming
2. Introduction
•City and County planning offices deal with land development proposals on a daily basis.
•Generally, there will be a land development guideline that establish the steps/stages that the land developer has to follow and receive approval.
•The development review board examines the proposal and compares it to the local planning documents, ordinances, and regulations and approvals/disapprovals are registered.
•Public input about the development is also solicited and compiled.
•Eventually, the development is examined by the planning commission and ultimately the city council or county commission.
3. Problem
•Spatial Decision Support Systems have generally neglected local planning documents, ordinances and regulations.
•Assume that decisions are based on logical analysis of geo-referenced data and the results of modeling
•A new housing development identifies a location and wants to build an apartment complex.
•Two key questions:
•Does Laramie need another apartment complex?
•What are the pros/cons for the location selected for the apartment complex?
4. Utilization of SDSS
•Two Major Uses
•1. Determine Potential Locations of a Facility based on Modeling and Spatial Analysis
•2. Determine the Advantages/Disadvantages of Locating a Facility at a Specific Location based on Modeling and Spatial Analysis
5. Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS)
•Designed to provide solutions for complex spatial problems
SDBMS
Analytic Models
USER
End Products
Basic Model
(Densham, 1991)
6. Database
Management
System
Report Generator
Display
Generator
Model Base Management System
Generate &
Evaluate
Alternatives
Alternative Selected
User
Interface
Complex SDSS Model
(Malczewski, 1999)
7. Academic Research in SDSS
•The normalization condition is expressed analytically as:
•m j=1p(wj)wj = 1, wj > 0, 0 ≤ p(wj) ≤ 1, (5)
•The ProMAA algorithm can also utilize probability distributions of criteria utilities and weight coefficients for assessing probabilities of “likely rank events” (where events are associated with metrics in our decision problem) based on pairwise comparison of alternatives in an integrated scale. In this case realizations of ProMAA are based on numerical approximation of functions of random variables and numerical assessment of integrals (Yatsalo, 2011). “Rank acceptability indices” are the output of ProMAA.
(Convertino et al., 2013)
8. Database
Management
System
Report Generator
Display
Generator
Model Base Management System
Generate &
Evaluate
Alternatives
Alternative
Selected
User Interface
Precedence
Planning Doc.
System
9. Housing in Laramie
HOUSING OCCUPANCY
Total housing units
14,307
100.0
Occupied housing units
13,394
93.6
Vacant housing units
913
6.4
For rent
334
2.3
Rented, not occupied
26
0.2
For sale only
101
0.7
Sold, not occupied
29
0.2
For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use
97
0.7
All other vacants
326
2.3
Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) [8]
1.6
( X )
Rental vacancy rate (percent) [9]
4.3
( X )
(http://factfinder2.census.gov)
10. Housing Characteristics
OUSING TENURE
Occupied housing units
13,394
100.0
Owner-occupied housing units
6,014
44.9
Population in owner-occupied housing units
14,142
( X )
Average household size of owner-occupied units
2.35
( X )
Renter-occupied housing units
7,380
55.1
Population in renter-occupied housing units
14,498
( X )
Average household size of renter-occupied units
1.96
( X )
(http://factfinder2.census.gov)
11. Laramie Population Structure
Estimate
+/- error
Percent
+/- error
Total population
30,728
+/-22
30,728
(X)
Male
15,847
+/-206
51.6%
+/-0.7
Female
14,881
+/-207
48.4%
+/-0.7
Under 5 years
1,752
+/-76
5.7%
+/-0.2
5 to 9 years
1,323
+/-139
4.3%
+/-0.5
10 to 14 years
1,240
+/-148
4.0%
+/-0.5
15 to 19 years
3,666
+/-242
11.9%
+/-0.8
20 to 24 years
7,259
+/-273
23.6%
+/-0.9
25 to 34 years
5,212
+/-268
17.0%
+/-0.9
35 to 44 years
2,953
+/-160
9.6%
+/-0.5
45 to 54 years
2,643
+/-171
8.6%
+/-0.6
55 to 59 years
1,266
+/-199
4.1%
+/-0.6
60 to 64 years
1,157
+/-226
3.8%
+/-0.7
65 to 74 years
1,188
+/-152
3.9%
+/-0.5
75 to 84 years
693
+/-127
2.3%
+/-0.4
85 years and over
376
+/-126
1.2%
+/-0.4
Median age (years)
25.1
+/-0.4
(X)
(X)
(http://factfinder2.census.gov/American Community Survey08-12)
12. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
1
2
3
4
5
6
>6
City of Laramie, Persons Per Household, 2010
13. Utilization of a GIS / Spatial Decision Support System
•Static Spatial Data
•Dynamic Spatial Data
•Non-Spatial Data
•Create Indicators/Metrics:
•Transformation of Planning Documents into Decision Entities
•Transformation of Ordinances, Regulations and Policies into Decision Entities
14. Converting Planning Documents into SDSS
•Key Indicators
•Measureable Factors
•Quantitative Value
•Dichotomous Value
•Classification System
•Metric Value
•Allowable Range
•Maximum Limit
•Minimum Limit
16. The Pointe at UW
•Total 72 Apartment Units with 288 Bedrooms
•Shuttle to UW Campus
•Gated Community
17. The Point at UW
•Six Apartment Buildings with 12 units in each Apartment
•4 bedrooms in each Apartment with 4 separate bathrooms
18. Land Development Guidelines of Location
•Current Zoning
•Future Land Use
•Unified Development Code
•Site Design
•Environmental Considerations
•Infrastructure Considerations
•Transportation Considerations
•Safety Considerations
•Parking
•Casper Aquifer Overlay Zone
•Landscaping
•Stormwater Runoff/Retention
•Parks and Open Space
•Fences and Walls
•Lighting
•Signage
19. Turner Tract Policies
•Require compliance with the Turner Tract Area Plan for any development proposed within the planning area boundaries.
•Market the Turner Tract as a mixed use neighborhood that offers a variety of uses and opportunities related to housing, employment education, civic engagement and recreation and easy connection with the rest of the Laramie community.
•Encourage non-residential, commercial and office development in the central portion of the Tract.
•Allow for a variety of housing densities and styles.
•Continue to establish a circulation system that enhances connections both within the Turner Tract as well as connecting with other neighborhoods to the west and east.
•Continue recreation and civic sues as major anchors for the Turner Tract.
20. Indicator/Metric
•Current Zoning-Low Density Residential (LR)
•Four units per acre, Single Family
•Future Zoning-Suburban Residential (SR)
•Four units per acre, Single Family
•Turner Tract Policy-Mixed Use Neighborhood
•Residential Percent or Number of units
•Commercial/Office Percent or Number of Employment
•Recreation Percent or Area
•Civic/Public Percent or Area
26. Housing Goals
•Development of housing that is affordable for all income categories and compatible with the level of income of Laramie’s workforce.
•Home ownership appropriate for Laramie citizenship.
•Development of a good mix of housing types in all price ranges, based on present and future needs.
•Development of quality housing for our residents who have special needs such as very low-income households, the elderly, and the disabled.
•Preservation of existing houses and rehabilitation of older neighborhoods through improved housing quality, condition, and their surroundings.
•Homeowners and tenants exhibition of pride in our community’s homes through good maintenance.
27. Translation into Indicator and Metric
•Development of housing that is affordable for all income categories and compatible with the level of income of Laramie’s workforce.
•Indicators:
•Income Levels in Laramie, convert to percentages
•Housing by Value, convert to percentages
•Housing Vacancy rate by Value
•Metric
•Income: Determine percentage ranges acceptable
•Housing Values: Determine percentage ranges acceptable
•Housing Vacancy Rate: Determine percentage range acceptable
36. Conclusion
•In the creation of a SDSS include Planning Documents, Ordinances and Regulations (PDOR).
•Convert the Planning Documents, Ordinances and Regulations into Indicators with Metrics.
•Integrate the three major components:
•DBMS
•MAUT
•PDOR
37. Questions?
•William J. Gribb
•Paddington Hodza
•Jeff Hamerlinck
•Wyoming Geographic Information Science Center
•University of Wyoming
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