4. In Australia but not New Zealand, all table margarines are fortified with vitamin D,
5. A blood calcidiol (25-hydroxy-vitamin D) level is the accepted way to determine vitamin D nutritional status, and shows considerable variation. Primates Humans Canadians 1000 IU 4000 IU in sun in winter supplement supplement 140 130 40 70 100 Old-World Primates Humans with UV Canadian Winter Canadian + 25 ug/d Canadian + 100 ug/ d 0 40 80 120 160 Serum 25(OH)D nmol/L
7. According to Dietitian’s NZ clinical handbook 2010 25OH-vitamin D <25nmol/L 25-50nmol/L 50-150nmol/L <250nmol/L Moderate-severe deficiency Mild deficiency Optimal target for bone health Intoxication reported 1,25OH-vitamin D 65-175pmol/L Interpretation is specific to clinical context
8.
9. New Zealand has one of the highest incidences of skin cancer in the world. Vitamin D is not a problem here. Or is it??
10.
11. Bolland MJ, Grey AB, Ames RW et al., (2007) The effects of seasonal variation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and fat mass on a diagnosis of vitamin D sufficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 86:959–964
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14. John Cannell and Bruce Hollis, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 1 March 2008
38. Vitamin D sources, metabolites, and mechanisms of action with respect to carcinogenesis. VDR: vitamin D receptor. VDRE: vitamin D response element. RXR: retinoid X receptor
