2. What are the aspects of clear
and coherent writing?
Development
and Organization
How an Essay is Written
Proper Grammar
Focus
3. Development and
Organization
Have a paper that is well organized and not
jumping from one topic to another.
Have
a beginning, middle and end
Have logical order if you can’t have
beginning, middle and end
4. Development and
Organization Example
How would you put these sentences in
proper order?
1.
2.
3.
Finally, I went downstairs for breakfast.
First, I woke up.
Then I got up and got dressed.
5. Development and
Organization Example
The order would be 2, 3, 1 so the sentences
would look like this:
First, I woke up. Then I got up and got
dressed. Finally, I went downstairs for
breakfast.
This shows the logical order of this person’s
morning routine.
6. Development and
Organization Example
When writing a paper that doesn't’t have a
clear beginning, middle, and end, make
sure that your paper is in logical order.
For example: If you’re presenting an
argument, explain your side with facts and
then present and end with an action
people should take afterwards.
7. Development and
Organization Example
Make sure your ideas and sentences are
developed.
Give details, make sentences complex, be
descriptive, think outside the box
Which sentence would be more developed?
1.
2.
Vegetables are good for you.
Vegetables are good for you because they
provide several important vitamins and
minerals to the body.
8. Development and
Organization Example
Sentence number 2 is more developed.
Vegetables are good for you because they
provide several important vitamins and minerals
to the body.
But why?
More descriptive
More complex sentence
Gives supporting details
9. How an Essay is Written
How
is writing developed?
Word choice
Tone
Syntax (Sentence Formation)
10. How an Essay is Written
Examples
Can you list a few tone examples?
Some more include…
Scary
Happy
Sad
Excited
Angry
Mysterious
11. How an Essay is Written
Examples
What kind of tone do you see in this
paragraph? Also, think of word choice and
syntax!
Today, I got a new puppy! She is an active
and sweet bulldog. She is also super cute.
Her name is Pepper and she is only a few
months old. My family is very happy to have
a new family member. I am so excited to
have a new puppy in my home!
12. How an Essay is Written
Examples
The tone is happy or excited. How can you tell?
Today, I got a new puppy! She is an active and
sweet bulldog. She is also super cute. Her name is
Pepper and she is only a few months old. My family
is very happy to have a new family member. I am so
excited to have a new puppy in my home!
Word choice
Long sentences make it seem happy
Exclamation points
13. How an Essay is Written
Examples
Word choice should be descriptive and
effective.
Hungry Starving
Sad Depressed
Eat Devour
Angry Livid
Having more descriptive words makes your
paper more interesting.
14. How an Essay is Written
Examples
Syntax, or sentence formation, is very
important.
Have
complete sentences in your essays
Have varied sentence lengths in your
essays
15. How an Essay is Written
Examples
What is the problem with this paragraph?
I like school. School is fun. I learn a lot in
school. I learn a lot in math. Math is my
favorite subject. I have fun in school. I have
fun in school with my friends. We play at
recess. I really like school.
16. How an Essay is Written
Examples
What’s wrong with that paragraph?
Lots
of short sentences
Sentences could be combined
Repetitive sentences
Brainstorm: How can we fix it?
17. How an Essay is Written
Examples
Here’s one example:
I like school because school is fun. I learn a
lot in school, especially in math. Math is my
favorite subject. I have fun in school with my
friends, like when we play at recess. I really
like school.
Now you have a variety of sentences and
the paragraph reads a lot better!
18. Proper Grammar
Always use proper grammar in writing as
well as proper capitalization and
punctuation rules.
Having
proper grammar will make your
writing easier to read and understand!
19. Proper Grammar Examples
Which of these sentences has improper
grammar?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The cats is drinking milk.
What do you think we should do today?
I like many of you, wish we could have a
longer lunch.
I can’t wait to write my papers!
20. Proper Grammar Examples
Sentences 1 and 3 have improper
grammar.
1. The cats is drinking milk.
3. I like many of you, wish we could have a
longer lunch.
What do you think we could do to fix these
sentences?
21. Proper Grammar Examples
Improper Grammar:
1. The cats is drinking milk.
3. I like many of you, wish we could have a
longer lunch.
Proper Grammar:
1. The cats are drinking milk.
4. I, like many of you, wish we could have a
longer lunch.
22. Proper Grammar Examples
Here are some of the most common
grammar mistakes you should look out for
while writing and editing your paper!
Improper
comma usage
Subject/verb agreement
Improper punctuation
Fragment or run on sentences
Improper apostrophe usage (ex. its vs. it’s)
Improper capitalization
23. Focus
Know what your focus is! What
are you writing about or writing
for?
Expository – to provide
information
Persuasive – to give an opinion
and influence the reader
Narrative – to tell a story or
describe an event
24. Focus Examples
Expository
Essay
Your
focus is to provide information about a
topic or subject.
Who
is your audience in an EXPOSITORY
essay?
General audience, who are looking to be
informed
This essay should be professional and nonopinionated
25. Focus Examples
Persuasive Essay
Your focus is to give your opinion and influence
the reader to agree with your opinion.
Sometimes, you ask them to take action to
support your opinion.
Who is your audience in a PERSUASIVE essay?
General audience, who sometimes don’t initially
agree with your opinion
This essay should be professional, but
opinionated
26. Focus Examples
Narrative
Essay
Your
purpose is to tell a story or to describe an
event.
Who
is your audience in a NARRATIVE
essay?
General audience who are looking for
entertainment
This essay should be fun and entertaining to
read
27. Tips to Improve Your Writing
Read your draft out loud – this will
help you catch any errors when
something doesn’t sound quite
right
Edit your drafts! Take the time to
have one of your peers edit, your
parents or guardians edit, other
family member or friends edit or
even me, the teacher, edit!
Have fun! If you like what you’re
writing about, it will be a lot easier
to write!
