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3. Most Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment at World-
class Hospitals in India
All breast cancer are not the same. More tests will be done to find out the specific pattern and
the extent of the disease or stages. This important step is called staging. After an accurate
diagnosis and proper staging a suitable Treatment Plan is made. There are several modalities of
the treatment-these include Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy and Hormonal Therapy.
These are usually used in a combination.

4. Surgery
A) Breast Conservation Surgery: Wide excision of only the Breast
Lump (saving the normal breast) with removal of axillary
nodes. At the end of the procedure ,you have a near normal
breast.
B) Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM): This surgery involves
the removal of entire breast and axillary lymph nodes. This
surgery is recommended in the following circumstances:-
• Cancer is found in more than one part of the breast
• Breast is so small that wide excision of the lump can severely
deform the breast
Following the surgery a drain is placed in the axilla and another
drain is placed under the flaps after the Mastectomy. This will
be removed in another 7-14 days depending on the amount of
the fluid that is draining out. Stitches are removed two weeks
after the surgery.

5. C) Modified Radical Mastectomy with Reconstruction: For those
women who are unhappy with the idea of losing their breast and
are suitable for immediate breast reconstruction can choose this
option. A plastic surgeon is involved in this surgery and utilizes
patient's own tissues to create a breast which closely matches the
opposite breast, if required an artificial implant may also be use.

6. Chemotherapy
Many Patients may require Chemotherapy after the Breast
Cancer Surgery. In Chemotherapy a combination of the
drugs is used to kill the cancer cells. The medical
oncologist will plan the therapy according to the individual
case. Chemotherapy may be administered as Neoadjuvant,
Adjuvant and Palliative chemotherapy.
3) Radiation Therapy
Breast Conservation Surgery is always followed by
Radiation Therapy. It may also be used after Mastectomy
surgery if required. The radiation therapy uses very high
energy X-rays to destroy the cancer cells that still may be
present in the affected breast or nearby lymph node. This
procedure is painless and the patient does not feel
anything when the treatment is going on.

7. Hormonal Therapy
4) Hormonal Therapy :-
Hormonal therapy medicines are whole-body (systemic)
treatment for hormone-receptor-positive breast cancers.
Hormone receptors are like ears on breast cells that listen
to signals from hormones. These signals "turn on" growth
in cells that have receptors. Hormonal therapy medicines
can be used to lower the risk of early-stage hormone-
receptor-positive breast cancer coming back, lower the
risk of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in women
who are at high risk but haven't been diagnosed with
breast cancer and help shrink or slow the growth of
advanced-stage or metastatic hormone-receptor-positive
breast cancers.

8. How is it Diagnosis
Breast Self-Examination (BSE): Breast Self-Examination
(BSE) It is a screening method used in an attempt to detect
early breast cancer. The method involves the woman
herself looking at and feeling each breast for possible
lumps, distortions or swelling. It's easy to perform a breast
self-examination, and it only takes a few minutes.
Although it might seem strange or inconvenient at first,
BSE is a skill you can use throughout your life to help
ensure good breast health.
Clinical Breast Examination: A clinical breast examination
may be part of your regular checkup. Talk with your health
professional about how often you need a breast
examination. Usually it is recommended to have a yearly
visit to a Doctor for a thorough Breast Examination.

9. Mammogram
Mammogram: A mammogram is a special x-ray
examination of the breast made with specific x-ray
equipment that can often find tumors too small to be felt
during the breast self-examination. A mammogram is the
most used radiographic method available today to detect
breast cancer early. It is ideal for women older than 40
years, for whom the risk of breast cancer is increased.
Breast Ultrasound: The primary use of breast ultrasound
today is to help diagnose breast abnormalities detected by
a physician during a physical exam (such as a lump or
bloody or spontaneous clear nipple discharge) and to
characterize potential abnormalities seen on
mammography.

10. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC)
A fine needle is inserted into the lump to aspirate a few
cells and spread on a glass slide and studied on a
microscope to arrive at the diagnosis. FNAC is mandatory
for all breast lumps irrespective of the age of the patient.
Stereotactic Biopsy: It is a minimally invasive,
sophisticated technique for extremely small lumps or
calcium deposits that cannot be felt but are detected on
mammography. This method combines mammogram and
computer technology to locate and withdraw cells for
analysis

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