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Use of Engineered Phase Change Materials in Cold Chain Packaging Design Presented By: Anthony Alleva  Technical Services Manager, TCP  Reliable, Inc . Healthcare Packaging Conference & Workshops May 27, 2010 Leveraging New Refrigerant Technologies
Table of Contents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Temperature Controlled Packaging 101 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solid – Liquid - Gas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Frozen” means “Solid” not “Cold”! ,[object Object],[object Object]
Enthalpy of Fusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],134 1083 Copper 64.5 1063 Gold 88.3 960.8 Silver 165 630.5 Antimony 24.5 327.3 Lead 38.1 119 Sulfur 334 0 Water 11.8 -39 Mercury 104.2 -114 Ethyl Alcohol 13.8 -218.79 Oxygen 25.5 -209.97 Nitrogen 58.6 -259.31 Hydrogen 5.23 -269.65 Helium Enthalpy of Fusion (kJ/kg) Melting Point (°C) Material
Why Water? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Phase Change Materials (PCM’s) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PCM Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],25°C to 28°C Below 30°C 22°C 15°C to 30°C 0°C -10°C to 10°C -25°C to -15°C Below -10°C 5°C 2°C to 8°C PCM Temperature Product Temperature Range
Water is the Standard of Comparison ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When Designing a PCM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case Study: Deuterium Oxide  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Designing a PCM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Diagram from http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/petrolgy/BEUTECT.HTM) Eutectic Point
Case Study: Water / Ethylene Glycol Mixture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Diagram from http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/petrolgy/BEUTECT.HTM)
Case Study: Water / Ethylene Glycol Mixture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Diagram from http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/petrolgy/BEUTECT.HTM)
The   T Problem: Time to Freeze/Melt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Experimental Example: The   T Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Photo of Cube Test Set-Up
Result for Freezing
Result for Melting
Conclusions from Experiment : The   T Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dry Ice: A Special Case ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dry Ice: Breaking the Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dry Ice: Mitigating Factors  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dry Ice Performance Example
Other Considerations: Insulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Experiment: Insulation Quality and Freeze Time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Insulation Quality vs. Time
Other Considerations: Combining PCM’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Experiment: Combination of 5°C PCM and 0°C PCM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results for Combination Experiment
Package Design Case Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Temperature Range: Below –20°C (Dry Ice) EPS Lid EPS Collar with cut out for monitor EPS Product Housing Outer EPS Trough Housing Lower EPS Collar EPS Bottom Outer shipper with EPS
Temperature Range: –40°C to –20°C EPS Lid Corrugate Divider -20°C PCM Dry Ice -20°C PCM Outer shipper with EPS
Temperature Range: 2°C to 8°C EPS Lid Refrigerated Water Gels Frozen Water Gels Payload Carton Outer shipper with EPS Frozen Water Gels
Temperature Range: 2°C to 8°C EPS Lid Water Gels  5°C PCM Outer shipper with dual chamber EPS walls
Temperature Range: 15°C to 30°C EPS Lid 22°C PCM Outer shipper with EPS 22°C PCM Payload
Temperature Range: Below 37°C EPS Lid Thermos Lid 27°C PCM Vial Holder Thermos Outer shipper with EPS
[object Object]
Thank you! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Use of Engineered Phase Change Materials in Cold Chain Packaging Design Presented By: Anthony Alleva  Technical Services Manager, TCP  Reliable, Inc . Leveraging New Refrigerant Technologies

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