Presentation to government and water sector leaders in Baku, Azerbaijan November 2014 to help develop climate change mitigation and adaptation actions

1. Ricardo-AEA
© Ricardo-AEA Ltd
www.ricardo-aea.com
Aaron Burton, Principal Consultant - Water
ClimaEast Azerbaijan INDC Workshop
18-19 November 2014
Climate change mitigation and adaptation actions for the
water sector international experience

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• Water sector carbon emissions – baselines
• Case studies
• Water Sensitive Cities
• Azerbaijan sector level mitigation options
Outline

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Challenges in the water sector
CIWEM, 2013. A BLUEPRINT FOR CARBON EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN THE UK WATER INDUSTRY, CIWEM. Available at: http://www.ciwem.org/media/959404/BLUEPRINT_WEB.pdf
[Accessed August 19, 2013].

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Water sector - energy use and carbon emissions

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Water and carbon connection
5% UK annual carbon
Emissions
1% UK annual carbon
emissions
Environment Agency Wales & Energy Saving Trust, 2012. Guidance on water and associated energy efficiency for the Welsh Housing Quality Standard for retrofit programmes

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Carbon costs of new supply vs demand
management UK
0
1
2
3
4
EmissionskgCO2e/day/house

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International Examples - Australia
8% of Australia’s
GHG emissions
13% of electricity
18% natural gas
Kenway, S.J., 2013. The Water-energy Nexus and Urban Metabolism-Connections in Cities,

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Case Studies

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Case Study – South East Water, Carbon Reduction
Commitment
• South East Water (SEW) has a significant energy use - not captured by the EU
Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) or UK Climate Change Agreement (CCA)
• Captured in UK Government Climate Change legislation the Carbon Reduction
Commitment (CRC)
• AEA review of options
– Power consumption and carbon emissions were assessed including pumping
and wastewater treatment.
– Metrics were identified and emissions compared with other water companies
and broader industry sectors in a league table.
• 15 key actions that for compliance

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Relative proportion of emissions
Clarke, A., Grant, N. & Thornton, J., 2009. Quantifying the energy and carbon effects of water saving

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Carbon emission savings (5,500 new homes)
Andrew Tucker, “Water & Energy Links” (presented at the Wales Low Zero Carbon Hub: – Integrating water and energy efficiency – building regulations and beyond – Cardiff, Cardiff, 2012),
http://www.cewales.org.uk/cew/wp-content/uploads/Presentation-Andrew-Tucker.pdf.

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Case Study – Greener Grangetown, Cardiff, Wales
• Partnership approach enabled £25m investment
• Removes surface water currently pumped 10miles away
• Benefits to residents through amenity, regeneration
• Flood risk reduction, water efficiency in homes

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Water
Sensitive
Cities

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Water sensitive cities

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Urban water cycle - WSUD

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Azerbaijan

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GHG emission trend in Azerbaijan (1990 –2000-
2010)GHG Source and
Sink Categories
Emission base
year – 1990,
(Gg CO2 eq.)
Emission by 2000
((Gg CO2 eq.)
Emission by 2010
((Gg CO2 eq.)
Change from base
to latest reported
year
Energy 63.928 33.006 36.596 -43%
Industry 1.447 554 2.108 +46%
Agriculture 6.261 5.368 7.244 +16%
Waste 1.694 1.837 2.260 +33%
Total Emission 73.331 40.774 48.209 -34%
LULUCF -3690 -4.870 -5410 +47%
Net emission 69.641 35.904 42.779 -39%
11/20/2014

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0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Millionm3
Domestic and drinking water Indsustrial water use Irrigation and agriculture
Water use Azerbaijan
http://www.stat.gov.az/source/environment/indexen.php

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0
10
20
30
40
50
60 1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Millionm3
Water recycling
http://www.stat.gov.az/source/environment/indexen.php

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Sub-sector mitigation
options

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Sub-sector Baseline carbon
emissions
Mitigation options (scoring based on potential?) Actions for road map
Water
resources
– Abstraction
– Rainwater harvesting
– Demand management
– Water and energy efficiency programmes in homes
– Metering and smart metering
– Irrigation and agricultural water use
– Pumping
– Efficiency and water loss
Water
treatment and
supply
– Balance potable and non-potable systems and
decentralised vs centralised
– Source control, catchment management
– Balancing treatment standards and carbon intensity
– Innovative treatment processes
– Network optimisation
– Managing leakage
– Renewable energy
Wastewater
and sewerage
management
– Network optimisation and renewal
– Heat recovery
– Plant tuning and optimisation
– Sludge digestion and biogas optimisation
– Co-digestion
– Hydroelectric power
– Source control/ catchment management
Integrated
approaches –
WSUD
– Water Sensitive Urban Design
– Managing surface water
– Green infrastructure approaches to flood defence
Cross-sectoral
opportunities
- Low carbon construction
- Renewable heat networks/ combined heat and power
Example sub-sectors and mitigation options

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T:
E:
W:
Ricardo-AEA Ltd
14th Floor, Marble Arch Tower
55 Bryanston Street
London
W1H 7AA
@AaronBH2O
Aaron Burton
Principal Consultant - Water
+44 (0)1235 753701
aaron.burton@ricardo-aea.com
www.ricardo-aea.com
Thank you!