There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport which does not require energy, and active transport which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, where molecules spread from high to low concentration areas. Active transport moves particles against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. Endocytosis brings material into cells, while exocytosis releases material from cells.

1. Done by: Hassan Shadmani ,Hossien Tarban and
Naveed Oroumchian

2.  There are two Types of Cellular Transport:
 Passive Transport
cell doesn’t use energy
1. Diffusion
2. Facilitated Diffusion
3. Osmosis
 Active Transport
cell does use energy
1. Protein Pumps
2. Endocytosis
3. Exocytosis

3.  In passive Transport the cell uses no energy .
 Molecules spread out from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
 There are three types of passive transport:
 Diffusion
 Facilitated Diffusion
 Osmosis

4.  Diffusion: movement of particles from an area
of high concentration to an area of low
concentration.
 Diffusion continues until all molecules are evenly
spaced (equilibrium is reached).

5.  Facilitated diffusion: diffusion of specific
particles through transport proteins found in
the membrane.
a. Transport Proteins are specific – they “select” only
certain molecules to cross the membrane
b. Transports larger or charged molecules.

6.  Osmosis: diffusion of water through a selectively
permeable membrane.
 In osmosis water diffuses from a hypotonic (low
solute concentrated) solution to a hypertonic (high
solute concentrated) solution

7.  In active transport the cell uses energy to transport
particles.
 Movement is from an area of low concentration to
an area of high concentration.
 There are three types:
1. Protein Pumps
2. Endocytosis
3. Exocytosis

8.  Protein Pumps -transport proteins that require
energy to do work.
 Example: Sodium / Potassium Pumps.
Protein changes
shape to move
molecules: this
requires energy

9.  Endocytosis : taking bulky material into a cell
 Cell membrane in-folds around particle
 Membrane changes shape to allow the particle to pass.
• This is how white blood cells eat bacteria.

10.  Exocytose: Forces material out of cell in bulk.
 membrane surrounding the material fuses with cell
membrane
 Cell changes shape to guide the material out the
membrane.
• EX: Hormones or wastes released from cell