This document contains information about several Pakistani companies - Dewan Cement Limited, Lotte Chemical Pakistan Limited, and Pakistan Suzuki Motors - as well as information about the Pakistan Stock Exchange. It provides details about Dewan Cement's production capacity and history. It describes Lotte Chemical Pakistan as the sole producer of Purified Terephthalic Acid in Pakistan. It also includes brief descriptions of the Pakistan Stock Exchange's history and trading systems.

2. SUBMITTED BY:
Zahra virk
Nageen Mahmood
Nimra Afzal
ROLL NO:
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3.  PAK SUZUKI MOTORS LTD
FOUJI FARTILIZER LTD
De wan Cement Limited
Lotte Chemical Pakistan Limited

9. Dewan Cement Ltd. (DCL) is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company, and a
name of trust in the production of high quality cement. DCL has a capacity
of more than 2,880,000 tons per annum from two separate manufacturing
units, comprising of Pakland Cement Ltd., and Saadi Cement Ltd.
Pakland Cement Ltd. was established in 1981 at Deh Dhand0 in District
Malir, Karachi, 44 kilom etres off the National Highway, encompassing an
area of 150 acres. Within one year, an integrated plant with an initial
capacity of 300,000 TPA was up and running and it was fully operational by
1985, producing superior Ordinary Portland Cement. In 1987, Sulphate
Resisting Pakland, a pioneer product in the private sector, was introduced.
Supported by the latest technology and intensive machinery, the market size
of the product rose in a short span of time, resulting in a clinker production
capacity of up to 750,000 TPA. Subsequently, Pakland Blast Furnace Slag
Cement was included in the company’s fold. The company is listed on the
Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchange.

12. LOTTE Chemical Pakistan Ltd.
LCPL stands strong as the only world-class manufacturer and supplier of
Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA) in Pakistan with a capacity to deliver
500,000 tonnes of PTA annually through its state-of-the-art plant
situated at Port Qasim, Karachi.
PTA is the primary raw material for producing Polyester fiber, Polyester
filament yarn, Polyester film and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET).
LCPL holds the foundation of the polyester chain in Pakistan and retains
its edge by being a local producer and key supplier for the domestic
Polyester and PET industries with short delivery, world class quality and
exceptional customer service.
For producing PTA we import our feedstock (Paraxylene) from reputable
suppliers based in Asia and Middle-East region. Our plant operates
under a technology license with IPT (Investa Performance Technologies)
which is currently the leading global supplier of PTA technology.

13.  Pakistan Stock Exchange Limited (PSX) (formerly: Karachi Stock Exchange
(Guarantee) Limited (KSE) was established on September 18, 1947.
 It was incorporated on March 10, 1949. Only five companies were
initially listed with a total paid-up capital of 37 million rupees.
 The first index introduced in KSE was based on fifty companies and was
called KSE 50 index. Trading used to be carried out on open out-cry
system.
 Computerized trading system called Karachi Automated Trading System
(KATS) was introduced in 2002 with a capacity of 1.0 million trades per
day and the ability to provide connectivity to an unlimited number of
users.

14.  The rate of return is the amount you receive after
the cost of an initial investment, calculated in the
form of a percentage. The percentage can be
reflected as a positive, which is considered a gain
or profit. When the percentage is negative, it
reflects a loss. This information is very useful in
determining whether or not the initial investment
you made was a good one.
 Formula
RR = P1-P0 *100
P0

15.  The word “average” is used in everyday life to
describe where the middle number of a data set is.
It’s the typical number you would expect to find in
a series of numbers. In statistics, the average is
called the “arithmetic mean,” usually just shortened
to the mean. Both the average and the mean use
the same.
 Formula

16.  Variance measures how far a data set is spread out.
The technical definition is “The average of the
squared differences from the mean,” but all it really
does is to give you a very general idea of the
spread of your data. A value of zero means that
there is no variability; All the numbers in the data
set are the same.
 Formula:

17.  Standard deviation is a measure of dispersement in
statistics. “Dispersement” tells you how much your
data is spread out. Specifically, it shows you how
much your data is spread out around the mean or
average.
 Formula:

18.  Covariance is a measure of how much two random
variables vary together. It’s similar to variance, but
where variance tells you how a single variable
varies, co variance tells you how two variables vary
together.
 Formula:

19.  Correlation, in the finance and investment
industries, is a statistic that measures the degree
to which two securities move in relation to each
other. Correlations are used in advanced portfolio
management computed as the correlation
coefficient, which has value that must fall between
-1 and 1.
 Formula:

20.  Each investment carries a risk of loss. The higher
the potential returns, the higher the risk. If you
hold a portfolio with many investments, each of
those investments carries its own risk. All of the
investment risks combined result in an overall risk
you have exposed your portfolio to. You must
monitor your portfolio risk to make sure you have a
variety of investments whose high and low risks
offset each other
 Formula:

21.  Portfolio return is the monetary return experienced
by a holder of a portfolio. Portfolio returns can be
calculated on a daily or long-term basis to serve as
a method of assessing a particular investment
strategy. Dividends and capital appreciation are the
main components of portfolio returns.
 Formula
RP = w1R1 + w2R2