Transparencias de la charla introductoria a la teoría detrás de Coinffeine que se celebró el 18/12/2014 en ImpactHub Madrid.

1. Entendiendo
Coinffeine
por Sebastián Ortega

2. Insisto… usted primero

3. Insisto… usted primero

4. Insisto… usted primero
Sujetos racionales

5. Teoría de juegos: las
matemáticas de la estrategia

12. Destrucción mutua
asegurada

13. Destrucción mutua
asegurada
• Se establece una fianza

14. Destrucción mutua
asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio

15. Destrucción mutua
asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas

16. Destrucción mutua
asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas
• Si alguien se salta las normas…

17. Destrucción mutua
asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas
• Si alguien se salta las normas…

18. μPayment channels
Bob Sara

19. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund

20. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund

21. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Step 0

22. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Step 0
Lost
Sara

23. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Lost
Sara
Bob
Step 1
$

24. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Lost
Sara
Bob
Step 2
$

25. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Lost
Sara
Bob
Step n-1
$

26. μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Sara
Bob
Step n
$
Broadcast!

27. Subgame perfect Nash equilibrium
• Lo racional es no participar, ¿por qué?Final [110,00, 100,00]
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Wait PublishPay

28. Subgame perfect Nash equilibrium
• Lo racional es no participar, ¿por qué?Final [110,00, 100,00]
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Wait PublishPay

29. El juego del gallina

30. El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞

31. El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞

32. El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞

33. El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞

34. El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
Less can be
more!

35. Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait

36. Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait
• Mecanismo: ajustar fianzas y reintegros

37. Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait
• Mecanismo: ajustar fianzas y reintegros
• Resultado:
• No existe un ataque rentable
• Lo racional es seguir las normas o no jugar

38. ¿Qué quiero que recordéis?

39. ¿Qué quiero que recordéis?
• Oportunidad de descentralizar y reducir la
confianza necesaria

40. ¿Qué quiero que recordéis?
• Oportunidad de descentralizar y reducir la
confianza necesaria
• Estamos viendo la punta del iceberg:
• Arbitrary bitcoin scripting
• Oráculos
• Ethereum
• …

41. Imágenes y películas mencionadas:
• Blueprint https://www.flickr.com/photos/wscullin/3770015991
• Pay up https://www.flickr.com/photos/124785414@N04/14238435622
• Teléfono rojo (1964). 8,5 en IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057012/
• Prisoner dilemma https://www.flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/8245423564
• Rebelde sin causa (1955). 7,8 en IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048545/
• Nuclear explosion: http://es.vector.me/browse/255425/nuclear_explosion
• Pen, diary and glasses: https://www.flickr.com/photos/generationbass/
4827013488
• Lego cash machine: https://www.flickr.com/photos/lydiashiningbrightly/
5361460326/in/photostream/