This document summarizes the key elements of a short story, including the characters (Toby Dammit and his friend), the setting (Toby's home and a river/bridge), and the plot which follows Toby from his vices as a child to making a bet with the devil and ultimately losing his head. It also identifies the first person point of view from Toby's friend the narrator, and themes of the story like vices, pride, and death.

2. LITERATURE II
Teacher: Lic. Alberto Santamaría
Students: a) Edwar Emilio Olmedo Martínez
b) Alejandro Peña
Date: Thursday, March 23, 17

3. Elements of the short story:
Characters:
- Direct characterization: Toby Dammit,
Toby Dammit´s mother, Toby Dammit´s
friend, the little lame old gentleman.
- Indirect characterization: Mr. Coleridge,
Mr. Kant, Mr. Emerson.

4. Setting:
a) Toby Dammit´s home, the river and the
bridge.
b) Time: Past (deceased Toby Dammit)

5. Plot
a) External conflicts: between Toby Dammit and
his friend.
b) Internal conflicts: It occurs in Toby Dammit´s
mind.

6. Five stages of the plot:
a) Exposition: Toby Dammit had many vices, he
had many chastisements from his mother at
home, and he went on increasing his iniquity.
b) Rising action: Toby Dammit came to be a man
and he liked to use the formula “I´ll bet you so
and so” in all his assertions.

7. c) Climax: Toby Dammit offered to bet the
devil his head that he could leap the stile,
and cut a pigeon-wing over it in the air.
d) Falling action: Toby Dammit was
deprived of his head.
e) Resolution: Toby Dammit´s friend was
right because Toby was not able to leap the
stile; Toby was a stubborn person.

8. POINT OF VIEW:
It´s first person point of view because the
narrator is a character in the short story,
that is, Toby Dammit´s friend.

9. THEMES:
a) Vices and bets
b) Mistreatment
c) Pain
d) Poverty
e) Lack of consciousness
f) Pride
g) Anger
h) Death