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5.
No real attributes </li></ul>bless {}, __PACKAGE__; sub new { my ( $class, @args ) = @_; my $self = { @args }; # params bless $self, $class; return $self; } sub name { my ( $self, $name ) = @_; $name and $self->{'name'} = $name; return $self->{'name'}; }
6.
Why would you want to use Moose? Moose package Person; use strict; use warnings; use Carp qw( confess ); use DateTime; use DateTime::Format::Natural; sub new { my $class = shift; my %p = ref $_[0] ? %{ $_[0] } : @_; exists $p{name} or confess 'name is a required attribute'; $class->_validate_name( $p{name} ); exists $p{birth_date} or confess 'birth_date is a required attribute'; $p{birth_date} = $class->_coerce_birth_date( $p{birth_date} ); $class->_validate_birth_date( $p{birth_date} ); $p{shirt_size} = 'l' unless exists $p{shirt_size}: $class->_validate_shirt_size( $p{shirt_size} ); return bless p, $class; } sub _validate_name { shift; my $name = shift; local $Carp::CarpLevel = $Carp::CarpLevel + 1; defined $name or confess 'name must be a string'; } Plain old Perl 5 package User; use Email::Valid; use Moose; use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints; extends 'Person'; subtype 'Email' => as 'Str' => where { Email::Valid->address($_) } => message { "$_ is not a valid email address" }; has email_address => ( is => 'rw', isa => 'Email', required => 1, );
19.
Roll your own using subtype </li></ul>package User; use Moose; has name => ( is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', ); 1;
20.
Methods are the same as before sub method { my $self = shift; ... $self->more(); }
21.
Inheritance is as easy as... <ul><li>Multiple inheritance is also possible, extends accepts an array </li></ul>package Punk; use Moose; extends 'Person'; 1; package Child; use Moose; extends qw/ Father Mother /; 1;
22.
Roles are even easier! <ul><li>Multiple roles are recommend! with accepts an array too </li></ul>package Punk; use Moose; extends 'Person'; with 'Piercings'; 1; package Punk; use Moose; extends 'Person'; with qw/ Piercings Tattoos /; 1;
23.
More hooks than a coat rack! package User::WinterAware; use Moose; extends 'User'; before leaving => sub { my $self = shift; $self->cold and $self->take_jacket; }; 1; <ul><li>before
25.
More hooks than a coat rack! package User::Secure; use Moose; extends 'User'; around login => sub { my $orig = shift; my $self = shift; $self->security_check and $self->$orig(@_); }; 1; <ul><li>before
30.
Back to attributes options... has set => ( is => 'rw', isa => 'Set::Object', default => sub { Set::Object->new }, required => 1, lazy => 1, predicate => 'has_set', clearer => 'clear_set', builder => 'build_set', );
31.
Attribute options default => 'kitteh', # string default => 3, # number default => sub { {} }, # HashRef default => sub { [] }, # ArrayRef default => sub { Object->new }, # an Object etc. etc. (if you need a more elaborate sub, use builder ) default
33.
Attribute options lazy => 1, # make it lazy Class will not create the slot for this attribute unless it absolutely has to. That is defined by whether it is accessed at all. Wasn't accessed? You don't pay the penalty! :) lazy = good lazy
34.
Attribute options builder => 'build_it', # subroutine name sub build_it { my $self = shift; # not a problem! return Some::Object->new( $self->more_opts, ); } # and, obviously... after build_it => sub { “they will come” }; (a builder sets the value of the attribute) builder
35.
Attribute options clearer => 'clear_it', # subroutine name # you don't need to create the subroutine sub time_machine { my $self = shift; $self->clear_it; # 'it' never happened :) } (a clearer clears the value, as if it never existed) (does not go back to default) clearer
36.
Attribute options predicate => 'has_it', # subroutine name # you don't need to create the subroutine sub try_to_do_it { my $self = shift; $self->has_it && $self->do_it(); } (a predicate checks an attribute value exists) (even false values) (which is good!) predicate