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Asbestos regulations and schools
- 1.
- 2. State-by-State Clean Air Act (1970)
- 3. Banned it as a material for friable asbestos building materials Declared asbestos as a toxic material Established guidelines for the application, removal and disposal of friable asbestos- containing materials.
- 4. NOT BANNED 1. Cement Pipes 2. Elevator Brake Shoes 3. Cement Wallboard 4. HVAC Duct Insulation 5. Cement Siding 6. Boiler Insulation 7. Asphalt Floor Tile 8. Breaching Insulation 9. Vinyl Floor Tile 10. Ductwork Flexible Fabric Connections 11. Vinyl Sheet Flooring 12. Cooling Towers 13. Flooring Backing 14. Pipe Insulation (corrugated air- cell, block, etc.) 15. Construction Mastics (floor tile, carpet, ceiling tile, etc.) 16. Heating and Electrical Ducts 17. Acoustical Plaster 18. Electrical Panel Partitions 19. Decorative Plaster 20. Electrical Cloth 21. Textured Paints/Coatings 22. Electric Wiring Insulation 23. Ceiling Tiles and Lay-in Panels 24. Chalkboards 25. Spray-Applied Insulation 26. Roofing Shingles 27. Blown-in Insulation 28. Roofing Felt 29. Fireproofing Materials 30. Base Flashing 31. Taping Compounds (thermal) 32. Thermal Paper Products 33. Packing Materials (for wall/floor penetrations) 34. Fire Doors 35. High Temperature Gaskets 36. Caulking/Putties 37. Laboratory Hoods/Table Tops 38. Adhesives 39. Laboratory Gloves 40. Wallboard 41. Fire Blankets 42. Joint Compounds 43. Fire Curtains 44. Vinyl Wall Coverings 45. Elevator Equipment Panels 46. Spackling Compounds BANNED 1. Corrugated paper 2. Rollboard 3. Commercial paper 4. Specialty paper 5. Flooring felt 6. Sprayed-on materials containing more than one percent asbestos 7. All new applications
- 5. 1982 Asbestos in Schools Identification and Notification Act • Inspect for asbestos materials • Document the locations and make this information readily available. • Notify parents and employees if asbestos is found. • Maintain Records 1984 The Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act • Provided funding to public and private schools for asbestos removal.
- 6. 1986 Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act • • Develop, maintain asbestos management plan • Have an asbestos coordinator • Have a complete asbestos inventory for specific buildings • Notify; parents and employee groups about asbestos related activities • Rate asbestos containing materials for it’s condition and probability of future damage. 1990 The Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Reauthorization Act (ASHARA) • Ensure schools have the expertise, technical assistance and financial resources to manage asbestos according the asbestos laws.
- 7. Naturally occurring mineral Flexible Water resistant Cheap Strong Heat resistant
- 8. Serpentine (chrysotile only) Curvy Amphibole (All other asbestos forms) Straight
- 9. Common Types o Chrysotile (CRY-so-tile) White asbestos o Amosite (AM-o-site)- Brown asbestos o Crocidolite (crow-SID-o- lite)- Blue asbestos Other Types o Tremolite (TREH-mo-lite) o Anthophyllite (an-THAW- fill-ite) o Actinolite (ack-TIN-o-lite)
- 10. 95% of all asbestos containing materials Uses • Gaskets • Cement • Insulation • Brake pads • Brake linings • Joint compound • Roofing materials • The only serpentine asbestos fiber Chrysotile- white
- 11. • Cement sheets • Thermal insulation • Plumbing insulation • Insulation boards • Tiles, including those for ceilings, roofs and floors • Chemical insulation • Electrical insulation • Roofing products • Fire protection • Gaskets, lagging Amosite- brown
- 12. • Less used in manufacturing • Not mined due to health hazards and physical limitations • Causes more mesothelioma cases than other fibers Crocidolite- blue
- 14. Friable Pipe insulation Cement boards Ceiling tiles Joint compound Fire protection insulation Non- Friable Floor tile Mastics, glues, adhesives Gaskets Brake pads/linings Cement
- 15. If you have doubts about a material DON’T CUT IT DON’T DRILL IT DON’T DROP IT DON’T SAND IT DON’T SAW IT DON’T SCRAPE IT DON’T SCRUB IT DON’T DEMOLISH IT DON’T DISMANTLE IT DON’T HANDLE IT DON’T DUMP IT If you ever have doubts contact your supervisor first.
- 16. Water damage- stained pipe insulation Deterioration- normal wear and tear Physical damage- accidental, vandalism
- 17. Scraping with a wire brush
- 19. Damage
- 23. Inhalation Hazard 3 asbestos diseases Latency Period (10 to 40 years) Dose relationship
- 24. The Synergistic Effect of Smoking and Asbestos
- 25. Lung Cancer Risk greater among smokers Caused when fibers cause genetic “errors” Not asbestosis Asbestosis Scarring of the lungs by asbestos fibers Death is usually caused by pulmonary stress and/or failure. COPD, Heart disease Not reversible and progressive
- 26. What to do if you find material and you have doubts. DON’T WORK Never attempt to clean up suspect material.
- 27. ANY QUESTIONS??
Editor's Notes
- •Background information on asbestos •Health effects of asbestos •Locations of ACM in the building •Recognition of ACM damage and deterioration
- Asbestos was handled by the states prior to the federal government involvement in the 1970’s. Concerns about asbestos-related diseases started to appear in the early 1900’s. Workers compensation laws did not cover asbestos-related diseases until New Jersey changed its laws in 1951 so that asbestos-related diseases received the same status as other occupational diseases. The Clean Air Act of 1970 was the summarization of several pollution standards and the newly created EPA was charged with its administration.
- The EPA; Regulates the uses, removal and disposal of asbestos. Buildings built after 1979 are generally known as “asbestos free” really they are “limited” 1979 EPA issued a notice with the intent to ban the use of asbestos to very limited uses. Canada pressured the Regan administration Canada produced 95% of the asbestos the U.S. used EPA spent more than 10 years studying and eventually in 1989 EPA announced the 8 year phase out and ban rule (40 CFR Part 763) The new EPA administrator rescinded the ban in 1990 In 1991, this rule was vacated after a ruling by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. In spite of the court's action, a short list of products remain banned under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and the Clean Air Act. These include: corrugated paper, rollboard, commercial paper, specialty paper, flooring felt, sprayed-on materials containing more than one percent asbestos, and all new asbestos applications.
- Never assume a new building is asbestos free
- 1982- Congress passed the Asbestos in Schools Identification and Notification Act requiring schools to; Inspect for asbestos materials Document the location and make the information available Notify parents and employee groups Maintain records Schools weren’t complying with the law so congress passed a new act in 1984 called The Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act It was meant to provide funding to both public and private K-12 schools
- Schools weren’t taking the laws serious so in 1986 the congress passed the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) AHERA requires schools to; Perform an original inspection for asbestos-containing materials Re-inspect every three years Perform periodic surveillance of known or suspected asbestos-containing building materials. Develop and maintain an asbestos management plan and keep a copy at the school. Provide yearly notifications to parents, teachers and employee organizations regarding the school’s asbestos management plan and any asbestos abatement actions taken or planned in the school. Name a designated person to ensure the school’s asbestos actions are implemented properly. Ensure that accredited professionals perform inspections and response actions and prepare management plans. Provide custodial staff with asbestos awareness training AHERA also gave the EPA authority to issue fines and civil suits against schools and administrators that failed to follow federal asbestos laws. There was another update in 1990 that required required anyone involved with asbestos activities in commercial buildings, schools and other public buildings to be trained and accredited for asbestos work.
- Naturally occurring mineral Still mined in Russia, China, South Africa Not mined in the U.S. since 2002 Used for its durability and its low cost The amount of asbestos in a product can vary from 1 to 100% Only a certified inspector can collect samples for laboratory analysis The only way for a material to be determined not to contain asbestos is by laboratory analysis.
- Asbestos is a group of 6 naturally occurring minerals that come apart into fibers. These 6 minerals can be separated into one of two categories based on some characteristics of the fibers of the minerals. The 2 categories; Serpentine- These asbestos fibers are curly and are comprised of sheets of crystals. The only type of serpentine asbestos fiber is chrysotile which is also known as white asbestos. Serpentine asbestos fibers can be spun or woven due to the high flexibility of the fibers. Amphibole- all other asbestos fibers. Shed water making it harder to encapsulate with amended water. Very rigid fibers. Considered more dangerous since studies show it may take less exposure to cause mesothelioma.
- In comparison to amphiboles, chrysotile fibers are generally finer with high flexibility and good heat resistance. Known as the most common asbestos mineral, chrysotile accounts for about 90 to 95 percent of asbestos used in commercial applications in the United States
- Amosite asbestos offer good tensile strength and heat resistance Commercial products that have been manufactured with amosite include: Cement sheets Thermal insulation Plumbing insulation Insulation boards Tiles, including those for ceilings, roofs and floors Chemical insulation Electrical insulation Roofing products Fire protection Gaskets, lagging
- Multiple asbestos studies suggest crocidolite may be responsible for more deaths than any other type of asbestos because its fibers are so thin making them prone to becoming lodged in the lining of the lungs. Like other types of asbestos, crocidolite was used to make a number of commercial and industrial products. It did have a drawback that other asbestos types did not: It is less heat-resistant, making it less useful for industrial manufacturing. Ceiling tiles Fire protection Insulation boards Chemical insulation Spray-on insulation Acid storage battery casings Water encasement (enclosing) Cement sheets containing asbestos Electrical or telecommunication wires Thermal insulation (lagging and gaskets) Millboards (commercial ovens and steam pipes)
- Friable asbestos is any asbestos containing materials that can be; Crumbled- pulverized- or reduced to powder by hand pressure
- Non-Friable materials can be made friable if they are damaged. Example- Floor tile can become friable if you break them
- If you ever have doubts- Contact your supervisor.
- Each building has a management plan and will identify all known asbestos. The plan will have maps and room numbers. It is located in the custodian office area. Contact your supervisor if you need the management plan. If you don’t know, don’t work.
- Asbestos is a respiratory health hazard. Its main pathway into the body if through inhalation. 3 health hazards associated from asbestos The latency period (time that you are exposed to the time you show symptoms) is 10 to 40 years The exposure is dose related. The more asbestos you breath, the more likely you are to get sick. Mesothelioma is the only exception.
- Non-smoking/ no asbestos- no risk factors Asbestos exposure- 6x Smoker- 11x Smoker and Asbestos exposure- 59x The Tar from smoking paralyses the cilia hairs in your lungs and prevents the respiratory system from cleansing itself. This allows airborne contaminants to enter your respiratory system and prevents your body from removing them.
- Lung cancer- Risk greater among smokers Caused when asbestos fibers are trapped and they disrupt the cell division causing malignant tumors Not the same as asbestosis Smoking causes 90% of all lung cancer cases- Asbestos alone causes 4% Asbestosis- Scarring of the lungs by asbestos fibers Death is usually caused by pulmonary stress and/or failure. COPD, Heart disease Once damage occurs damage will continue to spread at a rate determined by the exposure