PUBH 380: Measures of Morbidity – Indirect Age Adjustment
Homework 3 (35 points)
NAME:
Based on the information given in the following table, and knowing that there were 4,500 deaths in Population X and 25,000 deaths in Population Y in 2009, and that crude death rate of standard population is 50 deaths per 1,000 persons, calculate and interpret the following (including any comparisons between X and Y in your interpretation):
NOTE: When you do indirect adjustment, all comparisons are done with the referent (standard) population, NOT between “adjusted” populations.
1. Complete the table below (20 pts)
Age
Standard Death Rates per 1,000
Population X
Expected Deaths in Pop X
Population
Y
Expected Deaths in Pop Y
<1
18
6000
50000
1-4
3
7000
70000
5-14
2.5
7000
25000
15-24
1.5
8000
30000
25-34
1.5
10000
70000
35-44
3.5
10000
25000
45-54
10
25000
20000
55-64
15
15000
25000
65+
80
30000
20000
Total
XXX
118,000
335,000
2. Calculate the crude death for each population (7 points – 3 for each crude, 1 for interpretation)
3. Calculate the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for each population (interpretation should include what the SMRs mean) (3 points – 1 for each SMR, 1 for interpretation)
4. Age-adjusted death rates for populations X and Y, using the indirect adjustment method. Please explain why your results might have occurred in your interpretation. (3 points – 1 for each IAR, 1 for interpretation)
5. Rates are adjusted for age to: (Please choose one answer) (2 pt)
a) Remove the bias of dissimilar age group distribution between populations.
b) Minimize the health problems of a community as compared to standard.
c) Determine how well a community compares with acceptable national births, deaths, and disease rate standards.
d) Allow valid comparison between populations with similar age distributions but different race and sex makeup.
e) All of the above.
NM 208 – Nursing Informatics
Telehealth Assignment
PART 2 – 100 points
This will be a research paper at least 3 pages in length, in APA format, that includes:
· The information from part 1.
· An outline of your telehealth effort.
· How will you determine if the information presented was understood?
· What resources will you need? Consider technological resources, physical space, interpreters, etc.
· How will you make up for the fact that you will not be face to face with the client(s)?
.
Running head: HOMELESS POPULATION 1
HOMELESS POPULATION 2
Application of Telehealth in Homeless Population
Name:
Course: Nursing Informatic
University:
Date of Submission: January 19, 2020
Application of Telehealth in Homeless Population
In the advent of technology, telehealth has greatly ...
History Class XII Ch. 3 Kinship, Caste and Class (1).pptx
PUBH 380 Measures of Morbidity – Indirect Age AdjustmentHomew.docx
1. PUBH 380: Measures of Morbidity – Indirect Age Adjustment
Homework 3 (35 points)
NAME:
Based on the information given in the following table, and
knowing that there were 4,500 deaths in Population X and
25,000 deaths in Population Y in 2009, and that crude death rate
of standard population is 50 deaths per 1,000 persons, calculate
and interpret the following (including any comparisons between
X and Y in your interpretation):
NOTE: When you do indirect adjustment, all comparisons are
done with the referent (standard) population, NOT between
“adjusted” populations.
1. Complete the table below (20 pts)
Age
Standard Death Rates per 1,000
Population X
Expected Deaths in Pop X
Population
Y
Expected Deaths in Pop Y
<1
18
6000
50000
1-4
3
7000
3. 25000
65+
80
30000
20000
Total
XXX
118,000
335,000
2. Calculate the crude death for each population (7 points – 3
for each crude, 1 for interpretation)
3. Calculate the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for each
population (interpretation should include what the SMRs mean)
(3 points – 1 for each SMR, 1 for interpretation)
4. 4. Age-adjusted death rates for populations X and Y, using the
indirect adjustment method. Please explain why your results
might have occurred in your interpretation. (3 points – 1 for
each IAR, 1 for interpretation)
5. Rates are adjusted for age to: (Please choose one answer) (2
pt)
a) Remove the bias of dissimilar age group distribution between
populations.
b) Minimize the health problems of a community as compared to
standard.
c) Determine how well a community compares with acceptable
national births, deaths, and disease rate standards.
d) Allow valid comparison between populations with similar age
distributions but different race and sex makeup.
e) All of the above.
NM 208 – Nursing Informatics
Telehealth Assignment
PART 2 – 100 points
This will be a research paper at least 3 pages in length, in APA
5. format, that includes:
· The information from part 1.
· An outline of your telehealth effort.
· How will you determine if the information presented was
understood?
· What resources will you need? Consider technological
resources, physical space, interpreters, etc.
· How will you make up for the fact that you will not be face to
face with the client(s)?
.
Running head: HOMELESS POPULATION
1
HOMELESS POPULATION
2
Application of Telehealth in Homeless Population
Name:
Course: Nursing Informatic
University:
Date of Submission: January 19, 2020
6. Application of Telehealth in Homeless Population
In the advent of technology, telehealth has greatly been
embraced, as it simply requires a tablet or a computer for
access. Telehealth technology has greatly impacted health care,
as it has made collaboration easier, enhancing efficiency in
patient outcome. This is because patients can access health care
services at the comfort of their own homes (Dorsey& Topol,
2016). They can readily access specialists and practices, that are
not as obvious to them. This has enhanced collaborative
relationships between physicians and their patients, both in
their geographical areas and beyond. Telehealth technology has
remained influential in cases where physicians are focused on
remote monitoring of their patients, those offering medical
education, as well as in specialist referral services. The other
benefit associated with effective collaboration includes
physicians effectively engaging their patients in the whole
process. This results to better patient outcome and increased
satisfaction.
This paper seeks to examine the homeless population, and the
various health needs that they present. In this case, the
homeless population under examination will be the youth, in
rural areas. This population is inclusive of both male and
female. Homeless population present the need for health
education, as a proactive effort in fostering health. The
homeless live in unfavorable conditions, thus making them
susceptible to a number of health-related issues (Taylor,
Kendzor, Reitzel & Businelle, 2016). Telehealth technology can
therefore be very important when it comes to meeting the health
7. needs of such a population. In the present and recent past, it has
been reported that most homeless people are discriminated in
health care services and settings. This has made it difficult for
them, resulting to reluctance in accessing health care services.
In the introduction of virtual care technology, such gaps are
bridged, making it easier.
The most common health need is hygiene. Research points out
that most of the homeless population live in unfavorable
conditions. This implies that most of them are pushed to survive
in dirty environments. In this, it is important that they are made
aware of the need to foster personal hygiene. This is through
encouraging them to put on clean clothes, and ensure that they
try their best to keep their environment safe. Dirty clothes for
instance can lead to skin related health issues (Dorsey& Topol,
2016). Through telehealth audio encounters, they are able to be
educated on the importance of hygiene, and its relation to good
health. Through telehealth technology, they can be able to learn
the need to keep their environment safe and clean, for healthy
living. The need for education on proper waste disposal is
equally beneficial in promoting good health.
Reproductive health is important when it comes to the homeless
population. Research points out that homeless adults have
decreased access to health care resources. This has increased
their mortality rate and increased their risk to chronic illnesses
(Taylor, Kendzor, Reitzel & Businelle, 2016). There is the need
to educate homeless women on family planning needs, the use
of sanitary towels among other reproductive health needs. This
implies that it is important to educate them on the need for safe
sex to avoid sexually transmitted infection. Through telehealth
video encounters, this information can easily be disseminated to
them, allowing them to seek clarification on related concerns.
Consequently, the need for health behavior education is equally
important. This includes education on the need for balanced
diet. Homeless population care less on eating a balanced diet,
since most of them are of low socio-economic status (Taylor,
Kendzor, Reitzel & Businelle, 2016). Telehealth will make it
8. possible for them to get this information, and its benefit on their
health. The need for physical exercise and its implication on
their health is another central health need. They need to learn
the various exercises that can be easy and convenient for them.
They can equally be educated on the need to avoid risky
behavior such as smoking, drug and substance abuse, as they
have serious implications on health. Telehealth remote patient
monitoring can be very effective in achieving this.
Reference
Dorsey, E. R., & Topol, E. J. (2016). State of telehealth. New
England Journal of Medicine,
375(2), 154-161.
Taylor, E. M., Kendzor, D. E., Reitzel, L. R., & Businelle, M.
S. (2016). Health risk factors and
desire to change among homeless adults. American journal of
health behavior, 40(4),
455-460.