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QUALITY INDICATION FOR MEASUREMENT

OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF

RADIATION ONCOLOGY
Quality assurance (QA) in Radiotherapy

is a ll p ro c e d ure s tha t e ns ure c o ns is te nc y o f the m e d ic a l
p re s c rip tio n, a nd s a fe fulfillm e nt o f tha t p re s c rip tio n, a s
re g a rd s to the d o s e to the ta rg e t vo lum e , to g e the r with
m inim a l d o s e to no rm a l tis s ue , m inim a l e x p o s ure o f
p e rs o nne l a nd a d e q ua te p a tie nt m o nito ring a im e d a t
d e te rm ining the e nd re s ult o f the tre a tm e nt
Quality Indicators
      General Quality Indicators
      Medical Physics Indicators
      Accuracy and Technical complex cities of treatment
       Indicators
      Patient Satisfaction Indicators
Facility Management

                                    STAFF RECORD
   Details of registration /qualifications of whole staff is available with HR
    department.
   Available with our RSO for AERB records- was checked
   Attendance records are maintained for DNB classes & Tumor boards
   Records of regular performance review –

                  DNB students available within department

                  Other staff with HR department.
STAFF
                             Recommendations              At our center


Radiation oncologist-in-chief One per programme           One


Staff radiation oncologist   One additional/ 200–250      5 staff radiation oncologist
                             patients treated annually


Radiation physicist          One per centre for up to     5 radiation physicist
                             400 patients annually.

RTT-Sim RTT                  Two for every 500 patients   2 available for every 500
                             simulated annually           patients
                                                          1 available at CT simulator
RTT Supervisor               One per centre               1 supervisor
RTT                          Four per megavoltage unit    4 available per megavoltage
                                                          unit
Radiation Oncology Record Management
    Audit evidence of patients treated with RT is maintained by MRD
     department

                          Shortcoming

       Non availability of older records (before 2011)

       Data not completely available in computer backup


    Patients information records with RT numbers available at reception
    Radiotherapy treatment cards available but conversion to soft copy
     will take some more time
Facility Process Management
   Waiting time is been recorded at the level of each machine and
    also by biomedical engineer
                                         Jan 2011- Dec 2011
              Linac 1                      124 hr(3.08%)
              Linac 2                      93.40 hr(2.3%)
              Linac 3                      146 hr(3.64%)
              Linac 4                     286.10 hr(7.1%)
              Linac 5              38.5hr(6.4%) started in Nov2011
             Simulator                     22.30hr(3.6%)
Analysis of waiting time to start treatment

                Curative/radical   Pre-         Post-operative   Palliative
                                   operative


Standard good          ≤30            ≤15             ≤60           ≤10
     care            d/patient      d/patient       d/patient     d/patient



At our center        ≤5-7 days       ≤2 days        ≤ 7 days      ≤1 days
Treatment Planning And Delivery
     Radiation treatment prescription
        10 files were randomly analyzed for consent policies.
        Available in all files.
            Will repeat again after 6 months to rule out the bias



     Planning Procedures
   Guidelines for treatment planning of all tumour sites
               are created as per international standards
Quality Indicators for Medical Physics
Equipment
   Records of commissioning data for LINAC 5 are maintained in department
    as per international standards
   Quality assurance program
   Adsorbed dose values taken on individual machines
                        (attached output for LINAC 2 and 3)
• QA with arc check for LINAC 5 Checked for 5 patients
               (results attached)
• Patient dose matched with phantom on machine for 7 patients (within 2%)

              (data sheet attached).
   Conventional calculations are crosschecked by another physicist
Radiation Treatment Delivery

   Records of patient available on each machine
   Monitoring of patients during treatment done every week
   Verification system available only on 3 machines
   With installation of next machine

             – will upgrade the documentation

             - at present available in registers and RT cards
MOIST DESQUAMATION
                 HEAD &   BREAST CHEST   PELVIS
                 NECK

 Stated in       10-15%   <10%   5%      10%
 literature

 In our set up   4-5%     5%     2%      5%
Head & Neck

          Acute
                                Late effects

Grade                3      4   Xerostomia-
Mucosa                             in literature <25%
                                   our set up -(30-40%)
In literature      25%     0%
Our setup         70-80%   0%
                                     Large size tumours
Abdominal & Pelvic Irradiation
   Acute effects

                   literature   our set up

   •Diarrhea-           <10%    5-7%

   •Hematologic        -<6%     10%
Patient satisfaction Indicators(30 people)

Filled by       Patient            94%
               Attendant           6%
Age              18-35             33%
                 56-70             33%
                  >70              33%
Profession    Professional         40%
                Traders            20%
                Retired            30%
First visit       Yes              10%
                  No               90%
Instruction    Primary             16%
              High school          33%
              University           50%
Patient satisfaction Indicators
Type of visit      Therapy                 40%
                   Followup                60%
Quality of visit   Desk staff              Very satisfied

                   Time frame              Satisfied -33%
                                           Very satisfied- 67%
                   Promptness of doctors   Very satisfied

                   Case sheet collecting   Satisfied -16.6%
                   procedures              Very Satisfied -83.4%
                   Facilities              Satisfied -16.6%
                                           Very Satisfied -83.4%
                   Overall rating          Very satisfied

recommendations                            Highly -33.3%
                                           Recommended-67%
Future directions
   Data collections need to be streamlined
   Protocols need to be created for treatment
   Verifications protocols have to be developed
   Need to develop our own indicators for reaction
    assessment

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Quality assurance

  • 1. QUALITY INDICATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY
  • 2. Quality assurance (QA) in Radiotherapy is a ll p ro c e d ure s tha t e ns ure c o ns is te nc y o f the m e d ic a l p re s c rip tio n, a nd s a fe fulfillm e nt o f tha t p re s c rip tio n, a s re g a rd s to the d o s e to the ta rg e t vo lum e , to g e the r with m inim a l d o s e to no rm a l tis s ue , m inim a l e x p o s ure o f p e rs o nne l a nd a d e q ua te p a tie nt m o nito ring a im e d a t d e te rm ining the e nd re s ult o f the tre a tm e nt
  • 3. Quality Indicators  General Quality Indicators  Medical Physics Indicators  Accuracy and Technical complex cities of treatment Indicators  Patient Satisfaction Indicators
  • 4. Facility Management STAFF RECORD  Details of registration /qualifications of whole staff is available with HR department.  Available with our RSO for AERB records- was checked  Attendance records are maintained for DNB classes & Tumor boards  Records of regular performance review – DNB students available within department Other staff with HR department.
  • 5. STAFF Recommendations At our center Radiation oncologist-in-chief One per programme One Staff radiation oncologist One additional/ 200–250 5 staff radiation oncologist patients treated annually Radiation physicist One per centre for up to 5 radiation physicist 400 patients annually. RTT-Sim RTT Two for every 500 patients 2 available for every 500 simulated annually patients 1 available at CT simulator RTT Supervisor One per centre 1 supervisor RTT Four per megavoltage unit 4 available per megavoltage unit
  • 6. Radiation Oncology Record Management  Audit evidence of patients treated with RT is maintained by MRD department Shortcoming Non availability of older records (before 2011) Data not completely available in computer backup  Patients information records with RT numbers available at reception  Radiotherapy treatment cards available but conversion to soft copy will take some more time
  • 7. Facility Process Management  Waiting time is been recorded at the level of each machine and also by biomedical engineer Jan 2011- Dec 2011 Linac 1 124 hr(3.08%) Linac 2 93.40 hr(2.3%) Linac 3 146 hr(3.64%) Linac 4 286.10 hr(7.1%) Linac 5 38.5hr(6.4%) started in Nov2011 Simulator 22.30hr(3.6%)
  • 8. Analysis of waiting time to start treatment Curative/radical Pre- Post-operative Palliative operative Standard good ≤30 ≤15 ≤60 ≤10 care d/patient d/patient d/patient d/patient At our center ≤5-7 days ≤2 days ≤ 7 days ≤1 days
  • 9. Treatment Planning And Delivery Radiation treatment prescription  10 files were randomly analyzed for consent policies.  Available in all files. Will repeat again after 6 months to rule out the bias Planning Procedures  Guidelines for treatment planning of all tumour sites are created as per international standards
  • 10. Quality Indicators for Medical Physics
  • 11. Equipment  Records of commissioning data for LINAC 5 are maintained in department as per international standards  Quality assurance program  Adsorbed dose values taken on individual machines (attached output for LINAC 2 and 3) • QA with arc check for LINAC 5 Checked for 5 patients (results attached) • Patient dose matched with phantom on machine for 7 patients (within 2%) (data sheet attached).  Conventional calculations are crosschecked by another physicist
  • 12. Radiation Treatment Delivery  Records of patient available on each machine  Monitoring of patients during treatment done every week  Verification system available only on 3 machines  With installation of next machine – will upgrade the documentation - at present available in registers and RT cards
  • 13. MOIST DESQUAMATION HEAD & BREAST CHEST PELVIS NECK Stated in 10-15% <10% 5% 10% literature In our set up 4-5% 5% 2% 5%
  • 14. Head & Neck Acute Late effects Grade 3 4 Xerostomia- Mucosa in literature <25% our set up -(30-40%) In literature 25% 0% Our setup 70-80% 0% Large size tumours
  • 15. Abdominal & Pelvic Irradiation Acute effects literature our set up •Diarrhea- <10% 5-7% •Hematologic -<6% 10%
  • 16. Patient satisfaction Indicators(30 people) Filled by Patient 94% Attendant 6% Age 18-35 33% 56-70 33% >70 33% Profession Professional 40% Traders 20% Retired 30% First visit Yes 10% No 90% Instruction Primary 16% High school 33% University 50%
  • 17. Patient satisfaction Indicators Type of visit Therapy 40% Followup 60% Quality of visit Desk staff Very satisfied Time frame Satisfied -33% Very satisfied- 67% Promptness of doctors Very satisfied Case sheet collecting Satisfied -16.6% procedures Very Satisfied -83.4% Facilities Satisfied -16.6% Very Satisfied -83.4% Overall rating Very satisfied recommendations Highly -33.3% Recommended-67%
  • 18. Future directions  Data collections need to be streamlined  Protocols need to be created for treatment  Verifications protocols have to be developed  Need to develop our own indicators for reaction assessment