2. Why Home Care
• Emotional support and respite for the
family caregiver
• Assistance with care giving
responsibilities.
• Patients prefer care in the comfort of their
homes rather than in a nursing home or
day care.
3. Who provides Home Health Care
• Private caregivers
• Home maker companion agencies
• Nurse registries
• Home health agencies providing non-
medical care
• Home health agencies providing skilled
medical care
4. Comparison
Independent
Caregiver
HomeMaker Nurse Registry Non-medical
Home Health
Agency
Skilled Home
Health Agency
Types of services Within the
individual’s
professional license
Homemaker
Companion
Homemaker
Companion
Home Health Aide
Some provide LPN,
RN
Homemaker
Companion
Home Health Aide
Homemaker
Companion
Home Health Aide
LPN, RN
Therapists
Hands-on personal
care?
Only if Home Health
Aide or CNA
No Yes Yes Yes
Have insurance
liability coverage?
No No No (Hire
independent
contractors)
Yes Yes
Funding sources Personal funds Personal funds Personal funds
Private long-term
insurance
Personal funds
Private long-term
insurance
Personal funds
Private insurance
Some accept
Medicare, Medicaid
Who is
responsible for tax
liabilities
Caregiver Caregiver Caregiver Company
(W-2 employees)
Company (W-2
employees)
5. Insurance Liabilities provided by Home
Health Agencies for its employees
• Professional Liability
• General Liability
• Crime
• Auto (in excess of employee’s basic coverage)
• Abuse
• Workmen’s Compensation
6. Summary of providers
• Safest type of provider: Home Health Agency
– Cover all types of liabilities for its employees
– Pays federal and state unemployment taxes
– Pays employer portion of Social Security Taxes
(so, as a client you won’t be liable for this)
– Runs national background checks on all
employees
– Provides supervisory support for caregiver
– Provides workmen's comp for injuries on job
7. Personal Care Services
ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (ADL)
Bathing/showering assistance Assist with walking
Shampoo hair Assist with dressing
Routine transfer assistance Assist with personal hygiene
Accompany to doctors’ visits Assist with light exercise
Personal care clean up Hospital pick up
Transfer using Hoyer lift Transfer using Gait Belt
Ensure range-of-motion exercises are performed Help with incontinence care
Care and support with Alzheimer’s disease Help with restroom use
Bed positioning Transportation
8. Companion Services
Companionship, socializing, conversation Maintain a clean, healthy environment
Provide respite care Arrange and facilitate appointments
Medication reminders Help with morning routines
Prepare grocery lists Help with bedtime routines and tuck in
Going for walks/moderate exercise Plan recreational activities
Reading Assist with selecting apparel
Assist with pet care Play interactive games
Visiting, neighbors & friends Organize mail
Monitor diet and eating Care for house plants
Report change in condition Improve TV usage
9. Homemaker services
Light housekeeping Kitchen maintenance
Laundry and ironing Change linens
Grocery shopping Prescription pick up
Errand services Meal preparation and clean up
Vacuum, sweep and mop Bathroom maintenance
Dust furniture Organize closets and cupboards
Incidental transportation Drop off and pick up dry cleaning
Empty trash Make beds
10. Skilled services performed by Home Health
• Blood sugar testing
• Exercise management
• High-tech nursing
• Home infusion therapy
• Hospice assistance
• In-home blood draws and injections
• Medication setup, administration and oversight
• Occupation, speech and physical therapy in the home
• Tube, drain and/or bag maintenance
• Vital signs
• Wound care
11. Home Care Services
Care could be:
• Hourly: For a few hours a day
• Live-in: Personal Assistant who Lives with a
client and is available on a 24-hour basis.
• Overnight: Overnight care provides the
opportunity for the primary caregiver to take a
break and get a good night’s rest.
12. Types of caregivers
• Certified Nursing Assistants (CNA):
Licensed by the state and have more
training than a Home Health Aide
• Home Health Aides (HHA): Not
licensed by state, but certified by private
schools
• LPN, RN: for skilled nursing services
• Therapists:physical,speech,occupational
13. What can a CNA/HHA help with?
• Personal care – Activities of
Daily Living
• Companionship
• Homemaking
14. What a CNA/HHA cannot perform
(Slide 1 of 2)
• MEDICATIONS: Cannot touch or dispense
medications. Can only remind a client to take
prescribed medications
• MEDICAL DUTIES: Use of medical knives,
needles, pins forbidden. Won’t handle
respiratory equipment, ventilators
• MEDICAL EMERGENCIES: Can only call
911 and stabilize the surroundings to avoid
further injury.
15. What a CNA/HHA cannot perform
(Slide2 of 2)
• MASSAGE: Can be done only by certified
massage therapist or physical therapist.
• HEAVY HOUSEKEEPING: No window
cleaning or scrubbing floors
• NAIL TRIMMING OR HAIR CUTTING:
Cannot trim nails or trim hair.
• SHAVING: Cannot shave any client with a
razor blade.
16. Funding Sources for Home Health Care
• Private Pay
• Long Term Care Insurance
• Workman's Comp Insurance
• Medicaid
• Medicare
17. Private Pay
Sample rates charged by Home Health companies:
• R.N./LPN: $100 / per visit
• High tech Nursing: $150 - $200 / per visit Infusion Therapy
• Home Health Aide/homemaker/Companion: $20 - $26 / hr
• Bath Visit: $50 / per visit
• Physical Therapist: $100 / per visit
• Occupational Therapist: $100 / per visit
• Speech Therapist: $100 / per visit
• Phlebotomy: $50 / blood draw
• Live-in Care: $250 / per 24-hour shift
• Medication Management: $75 / per visit
18. Long term care insurance
• The earlier you buy Long term care, the
cheaper the premiums are.
• Long term care insurances pay for home care,
as long as the patient requires help w/ 2 ADLs
• Elimination period: Wait time before the
policy kicks in
• Limit on Maximum daily benefits
• Limit on maximum life term benefit
19. LTC companies
Sample LTC companies:
• Penn Treaty
• MetLife/ Brighthouse
• Bankers’ Life
• John Hancock
• Kanawha HealthCare Solutions
• Genworth
20. Is Home Care Covered by Medicare?
• Medicare will cover some of the costs of home
care. For example, if you only need help with
daily activities (cooking, bathing, etc.),
Medicare will not cover it.
21. How to Qualify For Medicare Coverage
• To qualify for home health care, your doctor must write a plan
for your home care. You must need at least one or more of the
following:
– Part-time nursing care
– Physical therapy
– Speech language therapy
– Occupational therapy
• You must be homebound.
• You must receive the services from a home health agency that
is approved by the Medicare program.
• The services are covered by Part A or B of Medicare. You pay
$0 for all covered home health visits
22. Skilled home care covered by Medicare
• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy
involves employing methods and tools to
compensate for a patient’s loss of strength and
mobility. This may include modifications at
home, dressing aids, wheelchair accessories
and communication aids.
• Respiratory care: Ventilators
• LPN/RN visit
• Durable Medical Equipment
23. Medicaid
• In addition to Medicare, there are other state
and federal sources for coverage. For example,
people with low income may be covered under
their local Medicaid program.