Panoramic view of the indian education system

1. Panoramic View of the Indian Education
System (Higher Education)
Aug 3, 2019
Senthil Kumar
Director – Admissions & Administration

2. Ancient Education & University
System
• 2600 Years of History
• Indian Prominent in Higher Education from (6th Cen B.C
to 12th Cen A.D)
• 700 yrs When Europe was Prominent (12th Cen to 19th
Cen).
• 100 yrs when the US has been prominent.

3. Ancient Indian University -
Timeline
• Taxila 6th Cen B.C – Till 450 AD
• Nalanda – 1st to 5th Cen AD
• Valabhi – 6th Cen
• Vikramshila, Odantpuri, Jaggadala and
Somapura – 10th to 12th Cen.
-- Sources Existed Outside India

4. Ancient Indian University - Unique
• A True University (All Subjects)
• Residential
• Global – (Exported & Imported Ideas)
• Peer Review & Case Based Reasoning (Nyaya Sutra)
• Financial Assistance (Studentship or Pay me Later)
• Public Funding (Nalanda Model – Rev 200 Villages)
• Endowments (Akshya Nidhi)
• Certificate/Degree/Licensing

5. Ancient Indian University - Unique
• Knowledge Repository
• Admission Standards (Strict and 10-20% selection)
• Competing Centres
• Academic Freedom
• Corporate Form (Complete functioning mentioned)
• Women’s education – Vallabhi 3 women’s found this University
• Centralized University

6. Ancient Indian University – Subject
Covered
• Theology – 3 Vedas
• All Accomplishments
• All Science & Practical uses of Science
• Archery
• Law
• Liberal Arts
• Local Customs
• Medicine
• Managing property
• Military Science

7. Role of Indian University
a) Select
b) Support
- Access
- Connect
- Facilitate
c) Transform
- Knowledge
- People

8. British Era
Patashalla & Madarasa
Christian Missionaries – 1793 (Printing Press) – Serampore
Sermpore college – 1818 AD (English School)
Hindu College – 1817 AD (Now Presidency College)
Chapter Act of 1813 (One Lakh rupees)
1823 AD – The General Committee of Public Instruction
1835 – Macaulay
1842 – Council of Education formed
1857 – (Cal, Bombay & Madras Universities formed)

9. Post Independence
1948 – 1949 UEC
NEP – 1968 (Free & Compulsory Education, 3 Lang Formula,
Education Structure (10+2+3)
NEP – 1986 (National Curricular Framework with a Common
Core, Technical and Management Education, Education for
Equality, Open University & Adult education, Teacher & T.
Education )
SSA – UEE
Butterflies (NFE)

11. Total No. of Universities in the Country as on 31.03.2019
State Universities (& S L A) 399 (3)
Deemed
to be Universities 126
Central Universities 48
Private Universities 334
Total 907

12. EDUCATION IN INDIA
• There are 500 General, 126 Technical, 70 Agriculture & Allied, 58 Medical, 22
Law, 13 Sanskrit and 10 Language Universities and rest 83 Universities are of
other Categories.
• The top 8 States in terms of highest number of colleges in India are Uttar
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
• Total enrolment in higher education has been estimated to be 36.6 million with
19.2 million boys and 17.4 million girls.
• Maximum numbers of Students are enrolled in B.A. programme followed by B.Sc.
and B.Com. programmes.
• B.A. (23.89 Lakh)degree has been awarded to maximum number of students.
B.Sc. (11.52 Lakh)is the second highest followed by B.Com. (9.39 Lakh).

13. EDUCATION IN INDIA
• There are 907 Universities, Over 39050 Colleges and 10011 Stand Alone
Institutions.
• 334 Universities are privately managed. 357 Universities are located in
rural area.
• Government target of Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 30 per cent for
higher education by 2020 to drive investments.
• At Ph.D. level, maximum numbers of students out-turn is in Science
stream followed by Engineering and Technology. On the other hand at PG
level maximum students out-turn is observed in Social Science and
Management stream comes at number two.
• The share of Ph.D. student is highest in State Public University (31.6%)
followed by Institute of National Importance (20.4%), Central University
(15.8%) and Deemed University-Private (13.4%)

14. EDUCATION SECTOR

21. Faculty wise – Students Enrollment

23. Ph.D/ M.Phil Degrees awarded 2015-2016

25. Transition From School Education to Higher Education
1) Lack of career Planning
2) Usage of technology – Course Delivery
3) Connect with industry/academia
4) Pedagogy
5) Less Academic Freedom
6) Value of Co-curricular & extra curricular activities
7) Life skills
8) Inquisitiveness and questioning ability
9) Lack of collaborative learning.

26. India Employment Outlook
37%
IN NEW
JOB
ROLES
9%
IN NON-
EXISTENT
JOB ROLES
BY 2022, MOST INDIANS WILL WORK IN…
Around 9% of India’s 600 million estimated workforce would be deployed in jobs that do
not exist at present
Source :- FICCI-NASSCOM and EY Joint Report

27. Forces Changing the World at an Unprecedented Pace & Scale
Ageing of the
global
population
Power of disruptive
technologies
Integrating
worldRise of
emerging
markets
Return of (geo)-
politics

28. Impact – 4th Industrial Revolution on Talent
• Workers/scale not required any more to create vast wealth
• New ‘Tech’ to make machines more efficient than humans
• Workers have competition: low-cost labour pool in emerging markets, chat bots/
robots
• Digital era is polarizing workers: very highly /low paid
• De-globalization: rise in barriers for talent mobility
• Employer-employee relationship is mutating- full-time workers are fast getting out
of fashion.
• Rise of gigs economy: work can be split, parceled & accomplished by an army of
workers spread across the world
• Co-working hubs are the new rage
Digital Wave: technology creating structural shifts that requires new skills

29. 55 unique job roles identified across 8 technologies
Technology Number of Job Roles Examples of Job roles
16
15
6
12
6
7
3
6
• Wireless Network Specialist
• Embedded System Programmer
• Data Scientist
• DataArchitect
• AI Research Scientist
• Language Processing Specialist
• RPADeveloper
• Deployment Engineer
• 3D Modeling Engineer
• 3D Designer
• CloudArchitect
• Migration Engineer
• Android/ iOS App developer
• Digital Marketing
VirtualReality
Internetof Things
Big DataAnalytics
Artificial
Intelligence
Robotic Process
Automation
3D Printing
CloudComputing
Social &Mobile
• VFXArtist
• Computer Vision Engineer
49 Unique roles 6 Common roles
Source: LinkedIn & Indeed Analytics, Discussion with experts, BCG Analysis
71
However, several roles are common
across the various technologies –
There are ~55 unique roles
UI/UXdesigner,systemadmin
Informationsecurityanalyst
Dataarchitect

30. 6 More Emerging Technologies …..
Technology Name Technology Overview Potential applications /
Objective
Block Chain Database with records linked as a chain Bitcoin
GPUs
Graphical Processing Units have more computing
power than CPUs. Hence using GPUs for general
purpose computing is a use case
Every computer
Sub-vocal Recognition
The technology aims at recognizing silent speech and
present as text or speech
Under-water speech, speech in space
Semantic Web
Semantic web is an extension of WWW such that it is a
Web of data defined in terms of relationships
Data integration, Resource discovery
and classification, Robotic learning
Nano sensors
Sensors which can be present in construction
material or human blood flow
Integration of machines with living
creatures, farms
Homomorphic
encryption & Quantum
Cryptography
Securing data using quantum mechanics and
homomorphic encryption to enable data querying while
it is encrypted
Data integrity, data security, data
management

31. Thanks