3. Cupola is employed for melting scrap metal, mostly
pig iron which is use din production of Iron castings.
It is an economical furnace for the production of grey
cast iron, nodular cast iron and some malleable iron
castings.
It is obtained in different sizes and can be operated for
long a time.
4.
5. Preparation of Cupola..
Lighting the fire in the coke bed.
Charging of Cupola.
Melting.
Slagging and metal tapping.
Dropping down the Cupola bottom.
7. It is the zone where combustion takes place. It extends
from the top of the tuyeres to a surface boundary
below which all the Oxygen of air is consumed by
combustion, chemical reaction that takes place in the
zone is
C(coke) + 02 (from air) -> C02 + Heat
The temperature in this zone is about 1800°C.
8. It extends from the top of the combustion zone to the
top of the initial coke bed.
The CO2 produced in the combustion zone moves up
and is reduced to CO. The temperature also drops
to 1650°C.
C02 + C2 -» CO – Heat
9. It includes the first layer of pig iron above the initial
coke bed.
In this zone, the pig iron is melted. The following
reaction takes place.
3 Fe + 2 CO -» Fe3C + C02
10. It includes all the layers of cupola charges placed above
the melting zone to the top of the last charge.
The layers of charges are heated by the out-going
gases.
The temperature in the zone may be up to 1050°C.
11. It is the zone beyond the pre-heating zone, through
which the hot gases go to the atmosphere.
12. It is highly used in iron foundaries for melting
purpose.
It is used to melting scrap metal or pig iron.
It is also used for duplexing and triplexing operations
for making steels.
It is also used for melting some copper base alloys etc.
It is mostly used in the production of cast iron.