This document discusses different types of discourse connectors that connect ideas within and between sentences and larger blocks of text. There are three main types of connectors: coordinating conjunctions that join two independent clauses, subordinating conjunctions that connect ideas within a sentence, and transitions that connect ideas between sentences or larger sections of text. Examples of each type of connector are provided along with explanations of their functions.

1. CONNECTORS
Lic. Cristina Morocho

2. • Discourse connectors
• Words or phrases that connect ideas
– Within sentences
– Between sentences
– Larger blocks of text
• Three types of connectors are:
– Coordinating conjunctions
– Subordinating conjunctions
– Transitions

3. Coordinating conjunctions
• Join two independent clauses
• Placed between clauses
• Preceded by a comma.
And / nor / or Addition
or Condition
But / or / yet Contrast
for Cause / reason
so Effect / result

4. • Examples:
I often forget things. I write everything
down.
I often forget things, so I write everything
down.
I heard what you said. What did you really
mean?
I heard what you said, but what did you
really mean?

5. Subordinating conjunctions
• Connect ideas within a sentence.
• At the beginning of a subordinate clause.
– Comes first → followed by a comma.
If / even if / only if / unless Condition
As / because / since Cause / reason
Although / though / Contrast
whereas
After / before / when Time sequence

6. Example:
• Because I often forget things, I write
everything down.
• I write everything down because I often
forget things.

7. Transitions
• Connect ideas between sentences or
larger sections of text.
• Can come:
– At the beginning: preceded by a period or
semicolon and followed by a comma.
– In the middle: it’s preceded and followed by a
comma.
– At the end: it’s preceded by a comma.

8. Transitions that connect sentences
Type Examples
Addition: additionally, besides, I remember her telephone number. In
furthermore, in addition, likewise, addition, I remember what street she
moreover, and plus. lives on.
Condition: otherwise, indicates an I need to write down your e-mail
opposite result to what is expected. address. Otherwise, I’ll forget it.
Contrast: however, in contrast, in Her speech was good; nevertheless, I
spite of this, instead, nevertheless, still can’t support her ideas.
and though.
Effect/result: accordingly, as a result, This new memory technique is helpful.
because of this, consequently, Thus, I recommend it to you.
otherwise, therefore, and thus.
Relationships in time: after that, I went to a memory workshop.
afterwards, in the meantime, Afterwards, I couldn’t remember a
meanwhile, next, and then. single thing.

9. Transitions that connect blocks of text
•Usually come at the beginning of a sentences
•Followed by a comma
Type Examples
List ideas in order of time or First, let’s consider the question of
importance: finally, first, most short-term memory.
importantly, next, second, and third.
Give examples: for example and for I can remember lots of things about
instance. people. For example, I always
remember what they’re wearing.
Summarize: all in all, in summary, to In summary, these are the key points
summarize. about memory loss.
Add a conclusion: in conclusion, and To conclude, let me just say that we
to conclude. can all improve our memory if we work
at it.

10. Thank you!