This document discusses the Lean Startup methodology for validating business ideas through customer interviews rather than assumptions. It recommends directly talking to potential customers to understand their problems and needs, rather than relying on surveys. The key steps are to identify target users, prepare interview questions focused on stories about their current processes rather than speculative questions, listen without bias, and observe to classify the problem type and solution importance. The goal is to test whether the idea solves a real customer problem before investing significant resources in development.