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1. Biology
The word biology which means “the science of life and living beings,” is derived from the Greek
words. “Bios,” which means “life,” and “logos,” which means “study.” An organism is a living being
made up of one cell, like bacteria, or many cells, like those found in animals, plants, and fungi.
Biology is the branch of science
Biological science includes the study of cellular molecular processes classification and behavior of
organisms, species evolution, and interactions between ecosystems.
The study of molecular Biology mechanisms in cells. classification and behavior of organisms.
As an example, biochemistry and toxicology with biology, chemistry, and medicine; biophysics with
physics with geography. And astrologist with and astronomy are all areas where biology and other
disciplines frequently intersect. Biophysics with biology and physics. Historiography with biology and
geography; and astrology with astronomy.
Complimentary between molecules governs several interactions and reactions in biology. The
chemical complimentary between bases (Guanine interacting with pyrimidine, and A with thymine)
holds. Deoxyribonucleic acid strands along in an exceedingly spiral and provides straightforward
rules for its replication.
Elucidation of the deoxyribonucleic acid spiral may be a marvelous story of scientific police work.
• The model for the deoxyribonucleic acid spiral in 1953 by Jim Watson and Francis Crick marked
the beginning of a brand new era of genetic science and customized drugs.

2. Introduction
It conjointly illustrates however the 2 general scientific approaches of (1) experimental information. Gathering
and (2) model building complement each other to advance our understanding of living organisms.
Part I: Journey to Discovery (Biology)
• Experiments with peas within the mid-19th century that completely different traits at given by separate
familial entities. By the first twentieth century, proof that genes reside on chromosomes, that at fibrous nuclear
parts composed of polymer and macro-molecule.
• DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid), discovered in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher, consists of 4 bases (guanine,
cytosine, adenine, thymine). The bases at connected to a sugar and sugars at interconnected through phosphate
linkages to create an extended, branching chain.