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區塊鏈原理
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計算機概論期末報告 前面講述核心概念及相關歷史,最後透過Blockchain Demo(https://anders.com/blockchain/)線上演示區塊鏈的運作。
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區塊鏈原理
1.
區塊鏈原理 數位加密貨幣(比特幣)的核心技術 進修部資工一甲 90618137 涂紳騰
2.
大綱 • 核心概念 • 相關歷史 •
數位貨幣 • 區塊鏈演示
3.
區塊鏈核心概念 中心化 (Centralize) 去中心化 (Decentralize)
4.
中心化(Centralize) • 中央集權 • 集中化的系統,是從古到今, 全世界的社會、組織運作的 傳統型態。 •
從政府、軍事組織、教育組 織到各種公司行號,以集中 化的方式管理。
5.
去中心化(Decentralize) • 自然:螞蟻,分散的化學通 訊系統 • 政治:地方分權,權力分散 •
經濟:社群及共享,以「人」 為核心 • 技術:網際網路的演進,個 人信息自主管理,系統由使 用者共同參與、貢獻、監督
6.
去中心化的歷史 E-gold Napster BitTorrent
7.
去中心化的歷史 E-gold • 第一個具有使用者規模的數 位貨幣(1996年) • 依照黃金的價格作為參考值 •
使用者將美元存放在網路帳 戶,自由地進行線上交易 • 因《美國愛國者法案》,在 嚴峻的政府管控之下漸漸停 止了營運。
8.
去中心化的歷史 Napster • 在線音樂服務公司(1999年) • 開創性的點對點(Peer-to
Peer, P2P)音樂共享服務 • 技術上並非真正的P2P,電腦節 點的文件信息只會存儲在中央管 控的伺服器上 • 招致當時音樂界對其大規模侵權 行為的訴訟,最終在法庭的責令 下該服務已經終止
9.
去中心化的歷史 BitTorrent • 基於BitTorrent協定的點對點檔案 上傳/下載軟體(2001年) • BitTorrent協定是用在對等網路 (Peer-to
Peer,P2P)中檔案分 享的網路協定程式。 • 發布者會根據發布的檔案生成一 個.torrent檔案,簡稱為「種子」。 • 下載者需要先得到相應的種子檔案, 然後使用BT用戶端軟體進行下載。
10.
中心化 去中心化 分佈 點對點
11.
去中心化數位貨幣 『傳統貨幣政策遇到最根本的問題就是「信任」。我們必 須被迫信任中央銀行不會讓貨幣貶值,但仔細回顧人類歷 史,銀行一次又一次的違反我們對它的信任。我們被迫信 任銀行,把金錢交給他們保管並且同意他們用電子的方式 轉移,但是他們還是讓信貸泡沫發生了。然而我們還必須 提供我們的個人隱私以及帳號資料給銀行,並相信銀行不 會洩漏、讓不法份子竊取我們的帳號。』 “The Book of
Satoshi.” , Phil Champagne
12.
去中心化數位貨幣 比特幣 • 中本聰(Satoshi Nakamoto)於2008年發表了一篇名為《比特 幣:一種對等式的電子現金系統》(Bitcoin:
A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System)的論文 • 解決對等式電子現金系統的雙重支付(double-spending)問題 • 雙重支付指的是擁有者利用同一顆數位貨幣,先支付給了A收款 者,之後又支付給了B收款者。 • 論文中文翻譯關鍵字:比特幣:端對端電子現金系統
13.
區塊鏈演示 第一部分 雜湊函數 Hash • 訊息摘要 區塊Block •
工作證明 區塊鏈 Blockchain • 時間順序 分佈 Distributed • 共識機制 令牌Tokens • 共享帳本 貨幣交易 Coinbase • 紀錄追溯 區塊如何串成鏈及串成鏈的用意
14.
區塊鏈演示 公/私鑰及簽名 金鑰Keys • 公私金鑰對 簽章Signatures •
簽署及驗證 交易Transaction • 交易紀錄簽署 區塊鏈Blockchain • 紀錄證明 如何讓區塊內交易資訊正確的紀錄
15.
更加生動的說明影片 • 『發現芬特克!比特幣 &
區塊鏈原理大解析』 • 芬特克 FinTech EP1 ─ Taiwan Bar製作 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5r8kJCE1S1s
16.
參考 • https://blog.maidsafe.net/2015/12/04/evolving- terminology/ • https://medium.com/bitmark-inc-中文部落格/part-1-3分鐘了 解區塊鏈-cecf8032a7ed •
https://medium.com/@astromnhsu/試玩-blockchain-demo- 區塊鏈如何防止攻擊-挖礦電腦都在算什麼-6171fbc2619a • https://anders.com/blockchain/ • https://anders.com/blockchain/public-private-keys/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralised_system
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