1) Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) records the electrical activity of the heart through electrodes placed on the limbs and chest to diagnose abnormal rhythms and heart damage. 2) Angiography uses injected contrast material and x-rays to visualize blood vessels like arteries and determine damage by inserting a catheter. 3) Cardiac catheterization threads a thin catheter into the heart through blood vessels to examine the heart arteries using fluoroscopy, collect blood samples, and measure blood pressure within the heart.