Veterinary Services' Current Swine Activities and Updates - Troy Bigelow, DVM, USDA, APHIS, VS, NCAHP, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA. More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive

1. USDA Swine Program
Initiatives and Updates:
Collaborations to Achieve
Results
Troy T. Bigelow
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Veterinary Services
April 1, 2014
Veterinary Services

2. Veterinary Services Swine Health Programs
Overview
• Update on surveillance and program activities
– PRV, SB, CSF, IAV-S
• PEDV collaborations
• VS swine health activities towards enhancing
surveillance
• Next steps
2

3. Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance
Pseudorabies FY 13
3
Surveillance Stream Fiscal Year 2013
Diagnostic Laboratory
Serologic Submissions
23,695 swine from 4,240
herds
Cull Sow-Boars at Slaughter 239,284
Market Swine at Slaughter 11,370
Feral Swine 2,393
Swine Cases Highly
Suspicious for PRV
------
Total 276,742

4. Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance
• Pseudorabies
– States submitting samples from herds with
high probability of contact with feral swine
receiving positives and coordinating traceback
– 99.9 percent of domestic swine samples were
negative
– 21 percent of feral swine tested positive
(FY13 convenience samples)
4

5. Hotspot Analysis
5
Slide provided by
VS, STAS,CEAH

6. • FY14 PRV initiatives:
– TAIO? Tool for assessment of intervention
options (part of overall comprehensive TAIO)
– Collaborating with industry on PRV sample
reduction initiatives
– Collaboration with States high risk samples
– Updating list of high risk states
– Improve the capture of State and premises
identifying information on market slaughter
(meat juice) and NAHLN samples
6
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

7. • Swine Brucellosis FY 13
– TAIO?
– Collaborating industry on SB sample
reduction.
– Implementing SB into NAHLN system
7
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

8. • Classical Swine Fever
– Goals of rapidly detecting disease
– Targets 5 areas
• Waste feeder/backyard (high priority)
• Sick pig specimens to VDL
• Slaughter swine with risks
• Feral swine
• FAD investigations
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Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

9. Surveillance
Stream
FY 2013
Animals
FY 2013
Specimens
Sick Pigs
Specimens
submitted to VDL
2,281 2,285
Slaughter Swine
meeting collection
definition
2,284 2,285
Swine with high
probability of
exposure
3,991 3,991
Other tested
samples (low risk)
- -
Feral Swine 2,383 2,383
FAD Submission 4 NR
9
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance (CSF)
Even with PEDV
highlighting the
importance of
rapid detection,
zero swine
FAD’s were
reported in FY13

10. CSF Improvement
• Improve data quality (no state of origin
reported)
• Continue efforts to transfer CSF serology
to NAHLN laboratories
• Promote correct VS form usage for
collection of samples
• Explore CSF testing platform possibilities
10
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

11. 11
Month
Diagnostic sick
domestic swine
submissions
Swine associated w/
public health
investigations
Sick pigs at
concentration points
or commingling
events
All Surveillance
streams
Accessions Samples Accessions Samples Accessions Samples Accessions Samples
Oct 2012 507 2,173 … … … … 507 2,173
Nov 2012 418 1,969 … … … … 418 1,969
Dec 2012 393 1,920 … … … … 393 1,920
Jan 2013 423 1,681 … … … … 423 1,681
Feb 2013 339 1,463 … … … … 339 1,463
Mar 2013 366 1,629 … … … … 366 1,629
Apr 2013 417 1,873 … … … … 417 1,873
May 2013 378 1,758 … … … … 378 1,758
Jun 2013 372 1,701 1 5 1 14 374 1,720
Jul 2013 382 1,581 1 5 … … 383 1,586
Aug 2013 451 1,699 1 1 … … 452 1,700
Sep 2013 538 2,247 2 5 1 1 541 2,253
FY 2013 4,984 21,694 5 16 2 15 4,991 21,725
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance
Influenza A Virus in Swine

12. Influenza A Virus in Swine
12
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

13. 13
Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Oct-10
Nov-10
Dec-10
Jan-11
Feb-11
Mar-11
Apr-11
May-11
Jun-11
Jul-11
Aug-11
Sep-11
Oct-11
Nov-11
Dec-11
Jan-12
Feb-12
Mar-12
Apr-12
May-12
Jun-12
Jul-12
Aug-12
Sep-12
Oct-12
Nov-12
Dec-12
Jan-13
Feb-13
Mar-13
Apr-13
May-13
Jun-13
Jul-13
Aug-13
Sep-13
H1N1
H1N2
H3N2
Mixed
Figure 2. Number of accessions with each IAV-S virus subtype present by month (FY10 through FY13)

14. • PEDV
– Confirmed by NVSL in May 2013
– VS cooperation with states and industry
• Conference calls
• Notifications
– VS is actively participating in:
• Risk assessments, diagnostic testing (including
bioassays), assisting in epidemiological investigations
to determine route of disease spread, strategic task
force, disease reporting, supporting research
– VS NAHLN is instrumental, information reporting
14
PEDV Activities

15. 15
Map of States with Positive PEDV Biological
Accessions

16. 16

17. • What is Comprehensive Integrated Surveillance (CIS)?
– CIS is a standardized data collection and information
management approach that facilitates designed sample targeting
in response to multiple and evolving swine health information
needs.
• October, 2013 -USAHA resolution update of
Comprehensive Integrated Surveillance in Swine (CISS)
activities on implementing surveillance through
appropriate surveillance streams and results.
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Collaborations to Achieve Results

18. 18
Data Stream
Targeted Pathogen-Specific Surveillance Non-Pathogen
Populations
CSF
FMD ASF IAV-
S
PRV
SB
Other Specific
Surveillance
Harvest (slaughter) surveillance
Market swine
1⁰ Commercial-growers & finishers
/pork
X X
Cull sow boar 1⁰ Commercial- breeding populations X X X
Roaster 1⁰ Commercial; High probability of dz X
FAD / Emerging disease reporting
Foreign animal disease
investigation
Domestic and feral swine X X X X X
Suspicious cases reported Domestic and feral swine X X X X X X X X
Comingling locations
Live animal markets Domestic and feral swine X X
Public exhibitions, sick pigs Domestic swine X
Suspicious cases reported Domestic and feral swine X X X X X X X X
Diagnostic laboratory submissions
Case compatible sick pig
submissions
1⁰ Commercial –Targeted high risk of dz X X X X
Routine serology / herd
profiles
Commercial swine X
Suspicious cases reported 1⁰ Commercial –Targeted high risk of dz X X X X X X
High probability of exposure to
feral swine
Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz
X X
Suspected exposure to feral
swine
Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz
X X
On-Farm collections
Waste feeding operations Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X X X
Designated high risk areas Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X X
Exposure to feral swine Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X X
Wildlife monitoring
Opportunistic feral swine
samples
Feral swine- monitor disease reservoirs X X X X X X
Targeted feral swine sampling Feral swine - in high dz risk areas X
Enhanced Passive surveillance
FSIS condemnation data 1⁰ Commercial X X X X X
Practitioner observations
Livestock market observations
VDL syndromic submissions

19. Surveillance activities
• Disease updates-previous slides
• Planning for FAD surveillance
• Non-regulatory surveillance and
information.
– Influenza A virus in swine.
– PEDV information coordination
19
CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

20. CISS – Completed tasks
• Initiated discussions on data standards with
states.
• Result reporting to stakeholders
• Validated diagnostic methods (ASF, CSF,
FMD, PRV)
• Pilot project on utilizing Prem ID tags
20
CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

21. Completed tasks
• Developed surveillance strategies for FMD, ASF
surveillance pilots
• Developed methods for sample collection,
testing and data messaging including NAHLN
network.
– PEDV- receiving network data sharing from
12+NAHLN labs. (4,000 PEDV testing
records every week from NAHLN labs.)
21
CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

22. Areas for improvement:
• Consistency
– State support on individual premises data sharing
agreements varies.
– Continued discussions among all parties in sharing
premises information with VS
• Testing efficiencies -targeting
• Information technology infrastructure
22
CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

23. CISS -Conclusion
• VS cannot implement CIS alone, nor can the
States or industry.
• CISS must operate as a unified system with
participation and support from all stakeholders to
be effective.
• To date, access to needed premises data is
missing.
• All parties must reach consensus on ways to
share premises identifiers.
23
CISS-Collaborations to Achieve Results

24. • VS-Next steps
– Continue collaboration
with stakeholders to
enhance current
surveillance structure
– Enhance surveillance by
adding future diseases of
concern
• Collaborate to overcome the
next CISS data constrains
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Collaborations to Achieve Results

25. • Risk Analyses
– October, 2013 USAHA resolution seeking
support and collaboration
• Risk analyses regarding the introduction of
diseases via production inputs sourced from
outside US.
25
Other VS Activities

26. Other VS Activities
• Pathway Assessment
– VS has initiated a pathway assessment for exotic
viral diseases of swine
– The assessment is to determine whether
significant gaps exist in commodities imported
– VS is analyzing the likelihood of disease entering
the country from a various pathways such as
processing of feed materials, transport,
equipment import mitigation procedures, etc.
– VS plans sharing results with stakeholders
26

27. Questions?