Farmers' perspectives on antimicrobial stewardship
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Stewardship of Antimicrobial Drug Use in Food Animals: Farmers Perspectives and Implementation Consideration - Constance Cullman, President, Farm Foundation, NFP, from the 2016 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Working Together For Better Solutions, November 1 - 3, 2016, Herndon, Virginia, USA. More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-niaa-symposium-antibiotic-use-working-together-for-better-solutions
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Farmers' perspectives on antimicrobial stewardship
- 1. 1 Stewardship of Antimicrobial Drug Use in Food-Producing: Farmersâ Perspectives and Implementation Considerations
- 2. 2 Farm Foundation, NFP, works as a catalyst for sound public policy by providing objective information to foster a deeper understanding of issues shaping the future for agriculture, food systems and rural regions. Since its founding in 1933, Farm Foundation has been a non-advocacy organization. The Foundationâs action comes in bringing industry leaders together to together to examine evolving issues that will shape the future, and identify options to options to address those issues.
- 3. Why did Farm Foundation get involved? An issue that has no boundaries â by species or geography Agriculture committed to good stewardship Access needed to comprehensive information to meeting new policies Farm Foundationâs unique reputation as an objective convener 3
- 4. Guidance for Industry #209 âJudicious Use of Medically-Important Antimicrobial Drugs in Food-Producing Animalsâ Animalsâ Label changes required by Jan. 1, 2017 Guidance for Industry 213 âNew Animal Drugs and New Animal Drug Combination Products Administered in or on Medicated Feed or Drinking Water of Foodâ Takes full effect Jan. 1, 2017 Revised Veterinary Feed Directive Rule Effective October 2015 4
- 5. Farm Foundation Educational Workshops: Public-Private Partnership: Farm Foundation, FDA, USDA 12 regional workshops â 530 attendees, as well as 300+ webcast veiwers Target audiences: ⢠Livestock producers ⢠Veterinarians ⢠Feed Suppliers ⢠Support agencies and organizations, i.e. state and federal agencies, colleges colleges of veterinary medicine, state departments of agriculture, Cooperative Extension Online survey â open to all interested parties, whether or not they attended workshop 5
- 6. Farm Foundation Approach and Methodology Each workshop featured: ⢠Participation by senior FDA and USDA APHIS staff members members ⢠Presentations by regional producers, veterinarians and feed feed suppliers ⢠Significant time for discussion between participants, FDA and and APHIS FDA and APHIS left meetings with questions raised by workshop workshop attendees. Workshop attendees left with comprehensive overview of how policies will impact 6
- 7. 7 Anticipated Impacts on Livestock Industry 5 6 8 12 17 19 20 25 30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Government Overstep Inproved Food Supply/ Public Health Increased Paperwork Reduced Access to Antibiotics Decreased Animal Health Veterinarian Shortage Increased Costs Better Livestock Management Improved Public Perception Impacts on Industry
- 8. 8 Impact on Day-to-Day Business Activities Increased documentation/ paperwork - 20% Higher cost - 9% Decreased access 9% Confusion/ need for education 19% Decreased animal health- 9% Other -5% Lack of vets/ changing relationship - 15% No impact - 5% Improved public perception/ stewardship - 9%
- 9. Next steps 1) Need for more education and outreach. 9
- 10. Incentives, Disincentives for Research & Development of New Antimicrobial Drugs and Alternatives to Antibiotics for Food Animals 10 Workshop organized by USDAâs Economic Research Service and Farm Foundation, NFP More than 130 researchers, animal pharmaceutical manufacturers, health professionals and government representatives participated.
- 11. 11 Next Steps: ⢠Need for more education and outreach o Partnership with Animal Health Institute - focus on small producers, who may not regularly use services of a veterinarian o These producers may raise small numbers of livestock, or keep food-animals as pets o NCBA/LMA reaching out to sale barns o Information card, web site and radio interview series
- 12. 12
- 13. Next steps 1) More education and outreach 2) Continuing dialogue between industry & state and federal regulators ⢠Important to support a continuing process of stewardship 13
- 14. 14 Continuing dialogue between industry & state and federal regulators: Agreeing on Metrics ⢠After January 1 when implementation begins ⢠Looking to develop nationwide industry-agreed upon metrics for measuring antibiotic use ⢠In partnership with key stakeholders - researchers, foundations, retailors, etc.
- 15. Next steps 1) More education and outreach 2) Continuing dialogue between industry and state and federal regulators 3) Access to veterinary services & the supply of food-animal 15
- 16. www.farmfoundation.org Stewardship of Antimicrobial Drug Use in Food-Producing Animals
- 17. 17
Editor's Notes
- In the depths of the Great Depression, our founders saw the need for a nonpartisan organization focused on the future of the nationâs agriculture and food systems. Many of the issues have changed since our founding in 1933, but we remain committed to being an objective convener of public and private leaders seeking to understand the evolving issues shaping our future, and the options to address those issues. In addition to its 83-year history of objectivity, the Foundation is unique in tackling issues that have no geography, crop or species boundaries, but which have the potential to significantly direct the future. Stewardship of antimicrobial drug use is just such an issue.
- In the depths of the Great Depression, our founders saw the need for a nonpartisan organization focused on the future of the nationâs agriculture and food systems. Many of the issues have changed since our founding in 1933, but we remain committed to being an objective convener of public and private leaders seeking to understand the evolving issues shaping our future, and the options to address those issues. In addition to its 83-year history of objectivity, the Foundation is unique in tackling issues that have no geography, crop or species boundaries, but which have the potential to significantly direct the future. Stewardship of antimicrobial drug use is just such an issue.
- The 530 workshop attendees directly influence the animal health decision of more than 3,000 producers and 2.6 million animals.
- One of the benefits of this public private partnership was enhancing the dialogue between industry and federal regulators. Workshop participants identified as one of the most valuable elements of the workshop the direct interaction with FDA and USDA officials. FDA and APHIS left the meetings with questions raised. They responded to each of the questions and you can find the responses posted on the Farm Foundation website. The dialogue continuesâŚ
- Survey respondents listed improved public perception and better livestock management at the two top industry impacts of the new policies. Those were followed by increased costs and concerns about animal health, including access to antibiotics and veterinary services.
- In terms of day-to-day business activities, increased paperwork topped the list of anticipated impacts. A close second was the need for education to avoid confusion on what the new policies require. In third-anticipated changes in the relationship of vets and producers, as well as concern over the lack of veterinary services in some locales. Access to veterinary services is a particularly concern to farmers and ranchers who operate independently from large, integrated supply chains. Producers of small ruminants and other âminor speciesââsuch as deer, elk bison or honey bees, foresee reduced access to antibiotics as having a potentially large impact to their operations.
- Farm industry and professional organizations, as well as federal and state agencies, agricultural media and Cooperative Extension are doing significant work to make producers aware of the changes. Concerns remain that some small operationsâthe sundowner-type producers or the backyard chicken operationsâmay not be fully up to speed on the policy changes and the implications. Cooperative Extension, with its responsibility for public education, and feed suppliers, who interact directly with farmers and ranchers on a daily basis, are especially important in closing the awareness gap and providing educational materials.
- This March 2016 workshop was organized by USDAâs Economic Research Service and Farm Foundation, NFP Items discussed to incentivize new products to reduce medically-important antibiotic use in livestock agriculture: Establish which animal diseases should be targeted for incentives Model the interaction of veterinary and human drug development to establish whether and what types of human drug R&D incentives can be utilized for veterinary products. Analyze different types of government drug development incentive programs in the context of animal pharma to establish which are the most efficient and feasible specifically for veterinary products.
- Most large livestock operations regularly use the services of a veterinarianâor may have a vet on staff. These operations are mostly likely up to speed on the new VFD rules. Farm Foundationâs report highlighted concerns that smaller producersâfolks with smaller herds and flocks. This may include people who keep a few chickens in the backyard for egg production, or who food-producing animals as petsâyes rabbits are food animals, even if they are pets. These small producers may not regularly use the services of a veterinarian, or be involved in species groups. These producers may not be aware of the changes that will take place on Jan. 1. Two key points to reach these types of producers are sale barns and retail outlets. The National Cattlemenâs Beef Association and the Livestock Marketing Association have teamed to put informational posters in all sale barns alert folks the changes. Farm Foundation and the Animal Health Institute are focusing their work on retail outlets.
- We have developed this informational card to bring attention to the deadline. It can be used by retailer at point of sale or at the cash register. It can also be used by educatorsâExtension specialists, or organizationsâas a handout and meeting resourceâa tool producers can take with to remind them of the issue and how to prepare. The card refers people to a new websiteâfarmfoundation.org/VFDrulesâwhich offers informational resource from a variety of sources. We are working with cooperatives and retailers, such as Growmark, Land OâLakes and Rural King, to distribute the cards in their retail outlets and to promote the information resources in their newsletters and other communiques. We are also making the cards available to Extension livestock specialists across the nation to use at their educational workshops this fall. To complement this work, we are also doing a series of radio news reports, featuring different stakeholders with information on why the change is taking place and how producers need to prepare. These interviews will include a veterinarian, a pharmaceutical manufacturer, an FDA official and a feed supplier. The first interview was with Joe Swedberg, who chairs our project advisory committee and is a retired executive of Hormel. If you would like any more information about this effort, I would be happy to visit with you after our session today.
- As noted previously, participants identified the direction interaction with FDA and USDA officials as one of the most elements of the workshops. That interaction generated unanswered questionsâthe resolution of which will strength outcomes. Continuing this type of dialogue is critical not only to the successful implement of the these policies, but to help support a continuing process of stewardship.
- DO NOT MENTION THE SPECIFIC DATE!!!
- Near-term, state & federal officials need to work with colleges of veterinary medicine and professional veterinary organizations to quickly develop options to provide access to veterinary services to small producers in underserved areas. Long-term, part of the solution will be efforts by colleges of veterinary medicine to increase the number of veterinarians with economically-sustainable food-animal. There may also be opportunities for other stakeholdersâincluding feed suppliers, Cooperative Extension and state regulatory authoritiesâto explore new models of delivering veterinary services in underserved areas. Â Some of the most difficult challenges will be meeting needs of producers raising other species, including small ruminants, deer, elk, bison, fish and other so-called âminor species.â Few products are approved for use in these species, which risk becoming âorphan indicationsâ due to the limited market size. FDA and the pharmaceutical industry along with industry groups will need to seek solutions to these challenges.