3. • Lung cancer is one of the most
common cancers throughout the
world.
• From the time of diagnosis, 80%
of patients are dead within 1 year
and only 5% survive 5 years,
making lung cancer the most
common cause of cancer death.
• More deaths by lung cancer than
the next four combined (colorectal,
breast, prostate and pancreas)
4.
5.
6. • ~90% of lung cancers attributed to
smoking
• Risk directly linked to “pack-years”
• Pack years : the number of packs smoked
per day multiplied by the number of years
of exposure.
14. • T1 tumor – A typical T1 tumor in the left lower lobe, completely
surrounded by pulmonary parenchyma.
15. • T2 tumor - A typical T2 tumor with atelectasis/pneumonitis of the left
lower lobe up to the hilum, due to involvement of the left main
bronchus.
16. • T3 tumor - A typical T3 tumor in the right upper
lobe with invasion of the chest wall.
17. • T4 tumor – A typical T4 tumor in the right upper
lobe with invasion of the mediastinum.
18. • A Pancoast tumor is a
tumor of the superior
pulmonary sulcus
characterized by pain due
to invasion of the brachial
plexus, Horner's
syndrome and destruction
of bone due to chest wall
invasion.
• MR is superior to CT for
local staging.
19. • Clinical features of
lung carcinoma
depend on:
• site of the lesion;
• invasion of
neighbouring
structures
• extent of metastases.
27. Thoracotomy :
Incision used
posterolateral
A double-lumen
endotracheal tube is
used to allow
ventilation of one
lung while the other
is collapsed
28. • Helps to gain access
through smaller
incision and complete
hilar dissection can
be achieved
• The technique avoids
rib-spreading and
appears to reduce
postoperative pain
and length of stay,
and aids a speedier
recovery.
29. • The principle of surgery is to
remove all cancer (the primary
and the regional lymph nodes)
but to conserve as much lung
as possible.
• Surgery with curative intent is
offered to patients with early
stage lung cancer (T1–3, N0–
1)
30.
31. • Treatment of stage I
and stage II NSCLC
radiation therapy is
considered alone
• reduces local failures
in completed resected
(stages II and
IIIA)NSCLC
