Silicon metal is made through a reaction of silica and carbon materials like coke and coal. Silica comes from metallurgical gravel that is 99.5% silica and 3x1 or 6x1 inches in size. Coal used is low ash at 1-3% and contains 60% carbon at a similar size to the gravel. Byproducts like silica fume are sold to refractory and cement industries to improve strength, while slag is broken down and sold for further processing. Silicon grades include metallurgical for aluminum production, chemical for silicones, micronized for semiconductors, and solar for solar cells.

3. THE PROCESS

4. RAW MATERIALS
Silicon metal is made from the reaction of silica (silicon dioxide,
SiO2) and carbon materials like coke, coal and wood chips. Silica is
typically received in the form of metallurgical grade gravel.This
gravel is 99.5% silica, and is 3 x 1 or 6 x 1 in (8 x 3 cm or 15 x 3
cm) in size.The coal is usually of low ash content (1-3% to
minimize calcium, aluminum,and iron impurities), contains around
60% carbon, and is sized to match that of the gravel.Wood chips
are usually hardwood of 1/2 x 1/8 inch size (1 x. 3 cm size).All
materials are received as specified by the manufacturer.

5. BY PRODUCTS/WASTE
With statistical process control, waste is kept to a minimum.A byproduct of
the process, silica fume, is sold to the refractory and cement industries to
improve strength of their products. Silica fume also is used for heat
insulation, filler for rubber, polymers, grouts and other applications.The
cooled slag is broken down into smaller pieces and sold to other companies
for further processing. Some companies crush it into sandblasting material.
Because electric arc furnaces emit particulate emissions, manufacturers must
also comply with the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) regulations.

6. Silicon grades
Metallurgical Grade Silicon
It has very low levels of impurity and is used in the production of aluminum alloys, mainly in the
manufacture of parts for the automotive sector.The high purity of our product provides rapid
solubility and effective yield in addition to aluminum.
Chemical Grade Silicon
It is the basic raw material for the production of special silicones, called light oils. Now widely used,
this substance is used in the areas of medicine, cosmetics, civil architecture, electronics, textile and
automotive.
Micronized silicon
Used in the semiconductor industries, it is the main raw material in the production of trichlorosilane,
which are transformed into high performance diodes and processors (computer chips).
Solar Grade Silicon
Raw material used in the manufacture of solar cells, whose market has been growing exponentially
worldwide as an alternative to a new energy matrix.

7. Applications

9. MARKET

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