The Concept of Algoritm

1. THE CONCEPT OF
ALGORITHM
BY: JOEMARIE O.
RENDON

2. WHAT IS ALGORITHM?
An algorithm is a step by step method of solving a problem. It is commonly used for
data processing, calculation and other related computer and mathematical operations.

3. WHAT IS PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM?
A recipe that describes the exact steps needed for the computer to solve a problem or
reach a goal

4. WHAT IS PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM?
Word for a Recipe Procedure
Inputs
The Ingredients
Output
sThe Result

5. WHAT IS PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM?
Starts
Ends
It has a start , a middle, and an end

6. PSEUDOCODE
A SEMI-PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE USED
TO DESCRIBE THE STEPS IN AN
ALGORITHM

7. THE FLOW CHART
A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or process.
The flowchart shows the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting
the boxes with arrows. This diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution model
to a given problem.
SYMBOLS USED IN FLOWCHART
Start / Stop
Input / output
Decision Making
The Oval Shape
Parallelogram
Diamond
Rectangle Process
Predefined Process
Looping
Connector
Flow Direction

8. ALGORITHM FLOW CHART JAVA PROGRAM
PROBLEM: FIND THE
AVERAGE OF 3 INTEGERS
STEP 1: START
STEP 2: OUTPUT “AVERAGE OF 3 INTEGERS”
STEP 3: OUTPUT “INPUT 3 INTEGERS”
STEP 4: INPUT A , B , C
STEP 5: = (A+B+C) /3AVE
STEP 6: OUTPUT “AVERAGE IS” , AVE
STEP 7: STOP
Start
“Average of 3 integers”
“Input 3 Integers”
“Input A,BC”
Ave = (A + B + C) / 3
Output “Average is ” AVE
End

9. PROBLEM: FIND
THE AVERAGE
OF 5 INTEGERS?

11. ALGORITHM FLOW CHART
PROBLEM: MAKE A SIMPLE
PAYROLL PROGRAM
STEP 1: START
STEP 2:
INPUT “ENTER FIRST NAME” , FNAME
OUTPUT “A SIMPLE PAYROLL PROGRAM”
STEP 3:
INPUT “ENTER BASIC PAY” , BASICPAYSTEP 4:
STEP 5:
OUTPUT “NET PAY” , NEYPAY
STEP 6:
INPUT “ENTER TAX DEDUCTION” , TAXDE
STEP 7:
BASICPAY - TAXDENETPAY =
Start
“A Simple Payroll Program”
Input “Enter First name”
,fname
End
Input “Enter Basic
Pay”,basicpay
Input “Enter Tax Deduction”,taxde
Netpay = basicpay-taxde
Output “Net Pay”,netpay
ENDSTEP 8:

13. Start
“Student Grade”
FLOW CHART
Input “First Grade:”,
FGRADE
Input “Second Grade:”,
SGRADE
Input “Third
Grade:”,TGRADE
Input “Fourth Grade:”,
FTHGRADE
Input “Enter
Name:”,FNAME
ALGORITHM
PROBLEM: STUDENT GRADE
PROGRAM USING IF STATEMENT
STEP 1: START
STEP 2: OUTPUT “STUDENT GRADE”
STEP 3: INPUT “ENTER FIRST NAME”,FNAME
STEP 4: INPUT “FIRST GRADE”,FGRADE
STEP 5: INPUT “SECOND GRADE”,SGRADE
STEP 6: INPUT “THIRD GRADE”,TGRADE
STEP 7: INPUT “FOURTH GRADE”,FTGRADE
STEP 8:
STEP 9:
AVE=(FGRADE+SGRADE+TGRADE+FTHGRADE)/4
OUTPUT “GENERAL AVERAGE”,AVE
STEP 10: IF (AVE >=75)
STEP 11: OUTPUT “PASSED”
STEP 12: ELSE
STEP 13: OUTPUT “FAILED”
STEP 14: STOP

14. If (Ave>=75)
True False
Output “Passed” Output “Failed”
End
Ave = (FGrade+SGrade+TGrade+FthGrade)/4;
Output “General Average” ,
ave

15. EXERCISES
1 .
2 .

17. PROBLEM: A SIMPLE GROCERY
PROGRAM USING SWITCH
STATEMENT
STEP 1: START
STEP 2: OUTPUT “THE SWITCH STATEMENT”
STEP 3: OUTPUT “PRODUCT CODE:5231 TINAPA
… P 70.99”
STEP 4: OUTPUT “PRODUCT CODE: 2241
NESCAFE 3 IN 1 … P 69.19”
OUTPUT “PRODUCT CODE: 3412
COLGATE … P 50.99”
STEP 5:
INPUT “ENTER PRODUCT CODE” , CODESTEP 6:
STEP 7: SWITCH (CODE)
STEP 8: CASE: 5431
STEP 9: PRICE = 70.99;
DESC="TINAPA";
STEP 10: CASE: 2241
STEP 11: PRICE = 69.19;
DESC=“NESCAFE 3 IN 1";
STEP 12:
PRICE = 50.99;
DESC=“COLGATE";
CASE: 3421
STEP 13:
PRICE = 0.0;
DESC=“NO PRODUCT";
STEP 14: DEFAULT:
STEP 15:
STEP 16:
STEP 17:
OUTPUT “DESCRIPTION”,DESC
OUTPUT “PRICE”,PRICE
STEP 18: STOP
ALGORITHM

18. FLOW CHART
PROBLEM: A SIMPLE GROCERY
PROGRAM USING SWITCH
STATEMENT
Start
output“The Switch statement”
Input “Enter Product Code:”,Code
Case
5231
Price = 90.00
Desc = Tinapa
Case
2241
Price = 69.19
Desc = N 3 in 1
Case
3412
Price = 50.99
Desc = Colgate
default
Price = 0.00
Desc = No Product
Output “Price”, Price
Output “Description”, desc
End
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False

19. PROBLEM: A MINI GROCERY
WITH LOOP
MAKE A SIMPLE ALGORITHM AND FLOW CHART
OF THIS PROGRAM