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Childcare Systems in Hong Kong
1. CHILDCARE FROM A GLOBAL
PERSPECTIVE
B y : D o r a J o o
C h a n m a t t i e S i n g h
T e n e a s h a B r u f f
C o r o l i n S a n t h a n a
Hong Kong
http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/hk.html
2. THE AGENDA
• An overview of the
country Hong Kong
• Types of childcare
systems
• History of the
childcare system
• Philosophy
• Availability
/accessibility
• Roles of Early
Childhood Educators
http://mrg.bz/jB1HyZ
3. Hong Kong History
1. Colonial Era (1800-1930s):
Opium Wars: British territory
Christian missionaries: Infant classes
Chinese Republic (1912) & Sino Japanese
War: Refugees
2. Japanese Occupation Era (1940s):
World War II & Japanese Occupation: Refugees
3. Post Japanese Occupation (1945-1950):
Nationalist- Communist Civil War:
Migration and industries
http://desertwar.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Nationalist-warplanes-being-prepared-for-an-air-
raid-on-Communist-bases.png
D. Joo
4. Influx of manpower (50s-60s): Demand of preschool education and care
Preschoolers: 13,000 (1953) – 198,351 (1979)
Qualified teachers: 35% (1958) – 20% (1971)
Class sizes/ Ratio: 1:25 (1959) _ 1:35 (1972)
Entrance examinations
Teacher training courses: QAKT & QKT
http://si.wsj.net/public/resources/images/AI-BP725_HKSCHO_G_20111228123921.jpg
Modern HK Under Britain (1950-1997):
D. Joo
5. Modern HK Under China (1997…)
ECE was not recognized
as playing a formal role.
HK has been heavily influenced
by Western perspective.
The government is under the
pressure of opposing groups.
Parents are Confucianism
oriented towards education.
ECE is the domain of private
operators interested in quality
but must respond to parents.
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTiWR4yrxSnUD0NtAvFWe3TIDU848OKXYyMrZNDb65_za4VAZ_c
D, Joo
6. HONG KONG’S COMPETITIVE
PARENTS AND CHILDCARE
Hong Kong’s underlying
philosophy
Kindergarten in Hong Kong varies considerably by the different
teaching philosophies, curricula and the differences in the tuition
fee.
C. Singh
8. Children attend a class to learn how
to speak English with an American
accent in Hong Kong
(2013, November 25). Retrieved from Hong Kong's overzealous parents may be hampering their kids, says expert: http://www.scmp.com/sites/default/files/styles/486x302/public/2013/11/25/hong_kong-
lifestyle-education-language_pl803_38974107.jpg?itok=a3w6oefe
C. Singh
12. CONDUCTIVE EDUCATION
The Underlying Philosophy of
child care in Hong Kong
What is conductive Education?
Who is it for?
Rehabilitation is seen as an educational task.
C. Singh
17. Childcare in
Hong Kong
is available
• CHILDCARE IN HONG KONG IS
AVAILABLE IN NURSERY SCHOOL
AND DAY CARE CENTRES.
NURSERIES & DAYCARE CENTRES
ARE SUPERVISED BY THE SOCIAL
WELFARE DEPARTMENT'S AND
OTHER SUB-BRANCHES OF
CHILDCARE SERVICES.
• KINDERGARTENS ARE
SUPERVISED BY THE EDUCATION
BUREAU.
• KINDERGARTEN PLACES ARE NOT
FREE, BUT GOVERNMENT
SUBSIDIES THROUGH A NEW
PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION
VOUCHER SCHEME.
http://www.swd.gov.hk/en/index/site_pubsvc/page_famil
y/sub_listofserv/id_childcares/
T. Bruff
18. SPECIAL CHILD CARE CENTRE
PROVIDES SPECIAL TRAINING AND CARE FOR MODERATELY AND SEVERELY DISABLED
CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS OLD TO FACILITATE THEIR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT, HELPING THEM PREPARE FOR PRIMARY EDUCATION.
MUTUAL HELP CHILD CARE CENTRE
THERE TO PROMOTE MUTUAL HELP ON CHILD CARE WITHIN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD,
IS SET UP BY NON-PROFIT-MAKING ORGANIZATIONS TO PROVIDE CARE BABIES AND
TODDLERS.
NEIGHBOURHOOD SUPPORT CHILD CARE PROJECT
PROVIDES FLEXIBLE CHILD CARE SERVICE FOR CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS OLD, AND
PROMOTES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND MUTUAL HELP IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD.
TWO AVAILABLE SERVICES:
-HOME-BASED CHILD CARE SERVICE OPERATES FROM 7:00AM TO 11:00PM
-CENTRE-BASED CARE GROUP OPERATES TILL LATE EVENINGS AND COVERS SOME
WEEKENDS AND SOME PUBLIC HOLIDAYS.
…CONTINUED AVAILABLE CHILDCARE
T. Bruff
19. CHILD CARE CENTRE
PROVIDES CARE AND EDUCATION SERVICES FOR CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 3 YEARS
OLD CHILD CARE CENTRES HOURS ARE FROM 8:00A.M. TO 6:00P.M. (MONDAY TO FRIDAY)
AND FROM 8:00 A.M. TO 1:00P.M. ON SATURDAYS
KINDERGARTEN-CUM-CHILD CARE CENTRE
PROVIDES CARE AND EDUCATION SERVICES TO CHILDREN BELOW 6 YEARS OLD
OCCASIONAL CHILD CARE SERVICE
PROVIDES FULL-DAY, HALF-DAY OR TWO-HOUR SESSIONS IN SOME CHILD CARE CENTRES
FOR CHILDREN WHOSE CAREGIVERS ARE UNABLE TO TAKE CARE OF THEM
OCCASIONAL CHILD CARE SERVICES FEE: $64 FOR A FULL-DAY SESSION, $32 FOR A HALF -
DAY SESSION AND $16 FOR A TWO-HOUR SESSION
CHILD CARE CENTRES HOURS ARE FROM 8:00A.M. TO 6:00P.M. (MONDAY TO FRIDAY) AND
FROM 8:00 A.M. TO 1:00P.M. ON SATURDAYS
EXTENDED HOURS SERVICE
PROVIDES CHILD CARE CENTRES TO MEET THE SOCIAL NEEDS OF FAMILIES AND WORKING
PARENTS WHO NEED LONGER HOURS OF CHILD CARE ASSISTANCE.
EXTENDED HOURS SERVICE: $13 PER HOUR
EXTENDED HOURS SERVICE: GENERALLY FROM 6:00P.M. TO 8:00P.M. (MONDAY TO FRIDAY)
AND FROM 1:00P.M. TO 3:00P.M. ON SATURDAYS.
TYPES OF CHILDCARES AVAILABLE IN HONG KONG
T. Bruff
20. Accessibility
• TO BE ELIGIBLE IN THE ACCESS OF CHILDCARE SERVICES IN
HONG KONG THE APPLICANT MUST BE A HONG KONG
RESIDENTS, RIGHT TO LAND OR VALID PERMISSION TO
REMAIN WITHOUT ANY CONDITION OF STAY IN HONG KONG
• IN HONG KONG CHILD CARE ONLY EXISTS WITHIN THE HONG
KONG ADMINISTRATIVE REGION AND IS RUN BY THE
GOVERNMENT
• FALL IN THE CATEGORY OF LOW- INCOME FAMILIES
• BE LISTED ON THE WAITING LIST PRIOR TO REGISTRATION
STATE
T.Bruff
21. Types of Child Care System
•Picture
C. Santhana
http://www.thebeautygroup.com/images/Activities002.jpg
23. Government and Child care
• Pre- school is perceived as the first step for
education
• Two Government branches are responsible
for pre-primary education and care.
• Education and Manpower
• Health and Welfare C.SANTHANA
24. Two types of Pre-school
• Kindergarten and Child Care Center
• Provided for children from age 3 to 6 years
• At age 2, children are eligible for nursery.
• At age 3, they can start Kindergarten.
C.SANTHANA
25. Characteristics of Child Care Center
• Child Care center’s legislation depends on
child care Ordinance, and Regulations of Hong
Kong
• Governed by Social Welfare and charitable
agencies.
• Purpose
• a. Education
• b. Care and supervision
C.SANTHANA
26. Training of an ECE
• Meets the Educational Bureau provisions
• Two years of education
• Higher program language skills are included
• Graduates can work as a Kindergarten teachers
• As a Childcare Worker
• Staff: Registered Supervisor, Registered child care
worker, Trainee worker
C.SANTHANA
27. Role of an ECE
• Plan, implement and evaluate contemporary early
childhood curriculum
• Recognize the special needs with diverse population
and suggest solution
• Work with parents or families in promoting home-
school collaboration
• Offer safe and secure environment
C.SANTHANA
28. Cont....
• Responsible for the well-being of the children
• Carry out program activities
• Prepare and arrange educational materials
• Keep room clean and tidy and maintain equipment
• Perform educational and professional responsibilities
in the child care setting
C.SANTHANA
