2. What is CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE?
The pressure in the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA near the
RIGHT ATRIUM
It is usually measured to guide Fluid Replacement in
situations such as major blood loss OR where
MYOCARDIAL function is impaired.
Normal Central Venous Pressure is 0 – 5 cmH2O or
between 8-12 mmHg
3. CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE CONTD’
Central Venous Pressure reflects the amount of blood
returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to
pump the blood into the arterial system
Pressure measured at the junction of the superior vena
cava and the right atrium
6. MEDICAL USES:
Administer medications
Fluids that are unable to be taken by mouth
To avoid harm to smaller peripheral lines
Obtain blood tests
Measure central Venous pressure
7. INDICATIONS:
CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE MONITORING
VOLUME RESUSCITATION
CARDIAC ARREST
LACK OF PERIPHERAL ACCESS
INFUSION OF HYPERALIMENTATION
INFUSION OF CONCENTRATED SOLUTIONS
PACEMAKER PLACEMENT
CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
HEMODIALYSIS
PULMONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
8. CENTRAL VENOUS
PRESSURE MONITORING :
CVP monitoring helps to assess
cardiac function, to evaluate
Venous return to the heart and to
indirectly gauge how well the heart
is pumping.
9. CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE
MONITORING CONTD’ :
In Central Venous Pressure Monitoring, the physician
inserts a catheter through a veining advances it until its
tip lies in or near the right atrium.
Because no major valves lie at the junction of the VENA
CAVA and right atrium, pressure at end diastolic reflects
back to the catheter
10. CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE
MONITORING CONTD:
When connected to a manometer, the catheter
measures central venous pressure (CVP), an
index of right ventricular function.
CVP monitoring helps to assess cardiac function,
to evaluate venous return to the heart, and to
indirectly gauge how well the heart is pumping.
12. CARDIAC ARREST:
to assess cardiac preload and volume status in critically ill
patients, assist in the diagnosis of right-sided heart failure,
and guide fluid resuscitation. It is determined by the
interaction between cardiac function and venous return.
13. Lack Of Peripheral Access :
Difficult venous access is characterized by non-visible
and non-palpable veins and is caused by the various
patient- and practitioner-related factors, such as age,
obesity, history of chemotherapy, drug addicts, end
stage renal disease, HDX dependent patients, and vein
characteristics of the patients, and the clinical
experience of the practitioners.
14. Hyper alimentation:
The larger central vein allows a larger catheter
to deliver higher concentrations of nutrition
with higher calories
Parenteral nutrition Is delivery of nutrients
including amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates,
vitamins, minerals and water through a venous
access device directly into the intravascular
fluid required for normal metabolic function of
the body.
16. CONCENTRATED SOLUTIONS :
As CVP has a direct and accessible route to a
larger vein rather than Peripheral Line,
therefore the fluids with large molecules like (
Potassium, hypertonic fluids, blood etc.) are
highly indicated for CVP CANNULATION.
18. Cardiac Catheterization:
Cardiac catheterization is the insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the
heart. This is done both for diagnostic and interventional purposes
Cardiac catheterization is a common procedure done to diagnose or treat a variety of
heart problems. For example, your doctor may recommend this procedure if you have
irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), chest pain (angina) or heart valve problems, among
other things.
Cardiac catheterization may be done during the diagnosis or treatment of:
Coronary artery disease
Congenital heart disease
Heart failure
Heart valve disease
Microvascular heart disease
19. Haemodialysis:
A central venous catheter (CVC) is a type of access
used for haemodialysis. Tunnelled CVCs are placed
under the skin and into a large central vein, preferably
the internal jugular veins. CVCs are meant to be used
for a short period of time until a more permanent type
of dialysis access has been established.
21. Pulmonary Angiography:
■ Pulmonary angiography is a medical fluoroscopic
procedure used to visualize the pulmonary arteries
and much less frequently, the pulmonary veins. It is a
minimally invasive procedure performed most
frequently by an interventional radiologist or
interventional cardiologist to visualise the arteries of
the lungs.
22. Methods to measure CVP:
Indirect assessment: inspection of jugular Venous
pulsations in the neck.
Direct assessment:
fluid filled manometer connected to Central Venous
Catheter.
Calibrated transducer
