2. WHO HEALTH DEFINITION
Health is a state of complete state
Physical
Mental
social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity.
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3. What Is Mental Health?
Mental health includes emotional,
psychological, and social well-being.
It affects how we think, feel, and act.
It also helps determine how we handle stress,
relate to others, and make choices.
Mental health is important at every stage of
life, from childhood and adolescence through
adulthood.
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muhammad suliman/lecturer
4. Historical Overview of Psychiatric Care
Primitive beliefs regarding mental disturbances took several views.
Some thought that an individual with mental illness had been
dispossessed of his or her soul and that the only way wellness could be
achieved was if the soul returned.
Others believed that evil spirits or supernatural or magical powers had
entered the body.
The “cure” for these individuals involved a ritualistic exorcism to
purge the body of these unwanted forces.
This often consisted of brutal beatings, starvation, or other torturous
means.
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muhammad suliman/lecturer
5. Definition
• The American Psychiatric Association (APA 1980) defines mental
health as
“ Simultaneous success at working, loving and creating with the capacity of
mature & flexible resolution of conflicts between instincts, conscience,
important other people & reality.”
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6. Mental Health and Wellness
Positive mental health allows people to:
Realize their full potential
Cope with the stresses of life
Work productively.
Make meaningful contributions to their communities.
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7. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Maslow (1970) emphasized an individual’s motivation in the
continuous quest for self-actualization.
He identified a “hierarchy of needs,” the lower ones requiring
fulfillment before those at higher levels can be achieved, with self-
actualization being fulfillment of one’s highest potential.
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9. MENTAL ILNESS
• The American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2013), in its Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5),
defines mental disorder as:
A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an
individual’s cognitions, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a
dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes
underlying mental functioning.
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10. Factors contribute to mental health
problems
Many factors contribute to mental health problems,
including:
Biological factors, such as genes or brain chemistry
Life experiences, such as trauma or abuse
Family history of mental health problems
Mental health problems are common but help is
available
People with mental health problems can get better and
many recover completely.
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11. Early Warning Signs
Eating or sleeping too much or too little
Pulling away from people and usual activities
Having low or no energy
Feeling numb or like nothing matters
Having unexplained aches and pains
Feeling helpless or hopeless
Smoking, drinking, or using drugs more than usual
Feeling unusually confused, forgetful, angry, upset, worried, or scared.
Yelling or fighting with family and friends
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12. Early Warning Signs
Experiencing severe mood swings that cause problems in relationships
Having persistent thoughts and memories you can't get out of your head
Hearing voices or believing things that are not true
Thinking of harming yourself or others
Inability to perform daily tasks like taking care of your kids or getting to
work or school
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muhammad suliman/lecturer
13. Ways to maintain positive mental health
include:
Getting professional help if you need it.
Connecting with others.
Staying positive.
Getting physically active.
Helping others.
Getting enough sleep.
Developing coping skills.
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muhammad suliman/lecturer