美國公共圖書館施行讀者諮詢顧問服務之研究

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美國公共圖書館施行讀者諮詢顧問服務之研究
Research on Readers’ Advisory Services in American Public
Libraries
* **
Chen Su-may Sheih*, Chia-Li Wang**

摘　要
106

Abstract
This research investigated the scope and contents of readers’ advisory services in American
public libraries. Specifically, it explored librarians’ perspective on the following issues: definition,
function, and training objectives of readers’ advisory services; the problems and challenges librarians
face; their opinions on future developments in readers’ advisory services. The data collection was
carried out by an online questionnaire and the participants included 106 librarians who provided
readers’ advisory services in American public libraries. Through literature reviews and research results,
the author provides suggestions for readers’ advisory services in Taiwan’s public libraries to consider.
The author also provides suggestions for American public libraries that participated in this research,
Taiwan’s public libraries that intend to provide readers’ advisory services in the future, and Library
and Information Science related majors in the educational realm.

Keywords: Readers’ Advisory Services; American Public Library; Reading Guidance Services

*
(Associate Professor, Department of Library and Information Science, National Taiwan University)
**
(Reference & Extension Services Librarian, National Taiwan University Library)

31
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5 1/2 96.06/96.12

壹、
前言
1990

American
Reading guidance services
Public Library Association, APLA

Shearer, 1998
Moran, 2002 1994
1920 1950
American Library Association,
Readers’ advisory services
ALA Reference
and Users Services Association, RUSA
Readers’ Advisory
Committee
Saricks, 2005

90

Armstrong, 2001; Saricks,
2005

94 12

1940
94
1950

Moran, 2002 1980

32


90

Katz, 2002; Roche, 2005

Readers’ advisory interview

Moran, 2002

貳、
文獻分析

( )

Shearer,
( ) 1998

“Readers’ advisory services” Rolstad, 1993a

33


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

Robinson, 2005
Baker, 1993
1987
Rolstad, 1993b

( )

Chelton, 1993
1920
Dilevko
1923 Chicago Public
Magowan 2007 2000
Library

Live
Saricks &
chat readers’ advisory services
Brown, 1997
E-m a i l-
based readers’ advisory services Dilevko
Magowan 2007, p.3 2005

Moran, 2002 1930
1940

Armstrong, 2001
1935 44
1941
Baker, ( )
1993 1940 1950

34


1998 Saricks

Saricks, 2005

( )
Crowley, 2004
Armstrong 2001
1980

Direct
readers’ advisory services
Indirect readers’ advisory
The Book Industry Study
services
Group 1983
R o s s,
1995 1990
Online readers’ advisory services
Trott, 2005

90
service-oriented
Saricks
& Brown, 1997

genre literature

Burgin, 2001

Shearer,

35


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

Armstrong, 2001

Trott, 2005

books exhibits annotated online book discussion
book lists bookmarks groups
segregated genre Armstrong, 2001
collections
( )

Saricks & Brown, 1997

Hoffert,
2003

Rolstad, 1993b

( )

Trott, 2005
1.
“Genreﬂecting” “What Do I Read Next?”

36


“Fiction Catalog”
S a r i c k s,
2001a Johnson, 2001; Moran,
D o w n e y, 2002
2005
( )
2.
“Fiction Catalog” “NoveList” “What Do
I Read Next?”
Moran, 2002
“What Do I Read Next?”

Balcom, 1988
Novak, 2004
3.

Robinson, 2005
(1) “Bookbrowser”

Chelton, 1993
“Overbooked”
“ A m a z o n.c o m ” Kent
Kent District Library
McCook, 1993
“What Next” Moran,
2002
(2)

Chelton, 1993
M o r a n,
Baker, 1992
2002
(3)
Smith, 1993
“ F i c t i o n_L ”
( )
“DorothL” “Romance Readers
Anonymous” RRA-L “SF_Lit”

37


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

Shearer, 1998

( )

Saricks & Brown,
1940
1997

Baker, 1993

Baker, 1993

( )

paraprofessionals
( )
support personnel Smith,
1993

S a r i c k s,
McCook, 1993
2001b Shearer

38


nonprofessional staffs Baker, 1993

Shearer, 1998 Shearer,
1998
Burgin, 1996
McCook, 1993
Balcom, 1988

( )

Rast, 1958

Robinson, 2005

( )

McCook, 1993

American
Library Association, 1929 Luyt 2001

Shearer,1998

Smith,
2000

39


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

( )

Baker,
1993

Robinson,
2005 參、
研究目的與研究方法

Schultz, 2000
1.
2.

Armstrong,
3.
2001

( ) 4.

Armstrong, 2001

40


structured questionnaire

100

56

154
33

106
106
Dominican
Dominican University
Graduate School of Library and Information
Sciences

51
17

“Fiction_L” Dilevko &
( )
Magowan, 2007

2
95 4

41


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

3 10 4.
5.
4
2
3
1.
95 4 12

National
Center for Education Statistics, NCES 2005
2003
Public Libraries in the United States: Fiscal
Year 2003 NCES, 2005 1988
Online
Computer Library Center, OCLC

America’s Libraries:
New Views American Library Association,
1988
5

Shearer Burgin 2001

Burgin 1996

2.

1.
2.
3.

42


Likert

5.

Burgin 1996

23

3. Likert

( )

106

95 4 15
5 15 4 28 5 10

81 76.4%

4. SPSS 10.0

43


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

肆、
研究結果分析與討論 80
98.8%
64 80.0%

4
3
2 2
3
2

( )

25,000-99,999 Robinson

medium public libraries 2005

30 37%
100,000-499,999 37
45.7% 1 30
30 38.5% 43
53.1% 1 5
19 44.2%
35 55.6%
( )
74
1999
91.4% 30
37% 64
79.0%
Watson, 2000
63 77.8% 10
51 62.7%
Crowley

44


2001

Crowley 2001

Shearer Burgin 2001

27 74.1%
69.1%
Readers’ Advisory in General Popular Material
16 59.3% Shearer Burgin 65.4%
2001

Services to
Children/ Services to Young Adults
Annotation Writing
Listeners
Online RA in General and Viewers Advisory
Readers’ Advisory Training
4 Online Readers ’
Advisory in General 1
1

1 97.5%
92.6%
63.0%
59.3% 50.6%

45


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

21.0% 1993 Burgin 1996

73 90.1%
34
Saricks Brown 1997 46.6%

Baker,
graphic 1993
novels Christian fiction
literary criticism

49 42
51.9%
Balcom 1988 Rast 1958
Robinson 2005
Robinson 2005

Saricks
Brown 1997
( )

51 63.0% 1981

1980

( )
( )

46


71 87.7% 63

79%

( )
10 12.3%

67 82.7%
1980

52 77.6%

47 60.6%

( )
Saricks
8
0-5 37 48.7%
5.1 0-5
55 72.4%
6 0-5 42 Saricks &
56% Brown, 1997
6.6 0-5 46
( )
61.3%

62.8% 22.6%
Smith 1993
14.2%

47


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

80 99%
51 63.0% 1 1%

( )

29 36%

74 91.4%
17
7 8.6%
58.6%
4 13.8%

45 62.5% 27
37.5%
72
Freiband, 1993
41 56.9%
25 34.7%
4 5.6%
2 2.8%

Flexner 1941

R o y,
1993

homebound patrons

38 88.4% 36

( ) 30 78.9%

48


( )

49 60.5%
( )

40 81.6%

91.4%
28 57.1%
1

1

Rast
Rast

Rast, 1958

( )
61 75.3%
( )

25.9%
25.4%
33 40.7%
24 29.6%
23.6%
14 17.3%
4
8 9.9%
2 2.5% Burgin 1996
1993
44%
22%

49


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

21%

37.0%

14.8%
29.5%
25% 37.5%
44.3%
( )
11.5%
31.3% 6.3% Burgin 1996

Burgin
77 95.1% Burgin 1996 1993

58%

( ) 82.7%

48.1%
Burgin
73 90.1% 64%
70
86.4% Burgin 1996 1993 77.8% Burgin
53%

Burgin

50


19.4%

13.4%
13.4%

( )

78
96.3%

30 37.0%
13 16.0%
8 9.9%

( )

65 80.2%
54
83.1%
( ) 7.7%

67 82.7%
44 Chelton
65.7% 1993
43 65.2%

51


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

16 21.3% Cohen 2005

OPAC

( )
( )

77 95.1%

librarian-led discussion 75 92.6%
60 77.9% “What Do I Read Next”
66 88.0%
Kendrick 2001
genre-specific guides

White 1993
Developing
Extension Services Department Readers’ Advisory Services: Concepts and
Commitments

( )

75
92.6%

69 92.0%

25 33.3%

52


Johnson 2001
76 93.8% “NoveList”
72
93.5% “What Do I Read Next ”
33 42.9% “Booklist Online”
“Next Reads” 9 11.8%
“NoveList”
59 72.8%
“overbooked.com”
41 69.5%

“Books in Print” “Book Review Index”
“NetLibrary” “Booknews”
Moran 2002
Bookletters
Chapter a day

40 49.4%

“Fiction_L”
37 92.5%
“Fiction_L”

( )

53


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

( )
79
97.5%

20
24.7% 49 78 96.3%
60.5% 12
Moran 14.8% Linsay as cited in American Library
2002 Association, 1929 1920
Burgin
2001

( )

professional consultant
professional advisor
facilitator
translator salesman
collaborator
Smith
2001

54


45 60.4%

Saricks 2001a
( )

McCook 1993

( )

49 61.2%

McCook

( )

82.5%
81.1%

genres sub-genres

55


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

appeal

( )

1.

( )

58
72.5%
23.8%

Chelton 1999
Balcom 1988

56


luxury

Smith 1993

Saricks 2001b

2. 3.

83.6%

64.1%

40.5%
34.2%
14%
10%

7.6%

2

57


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

Flexner 1941
Amazon
Google

Amazon
Google
5.

4.

41 52.6%

27 34.6%
33 42.3%

32 41% Shearer Burgin 2001 Wiegand
2000

20

58


( )

( )
53 65.4%
79%

40 49.4%
24 29.6% 62.8%
17 21%

伍、
結論與建議 “What Do I Read Next?” “Fiction
Catalog”

59


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“NoveList”

“Overbooked.com”
“Bookbrowser.com”
Michigan Kent Kent
District Library “What’s Next”

( )

“Fiction_L”
“Novelist” 1.

( )

60


( )

2.

( )

( )

( )

61


5 1/2 96.06/96.12

( )

( )

( ) ( )

62


參考書目
96 7 29 1375
450
254 126-132
90
67
9-25
94
22
4 87-95
84 =Readers’
Advisory Services
2477

( ) 94
94
12 24 http://www.tccgc.
gov.tw/index.php?web=hotnews&from=d
etail&uid=1555
American Library Association (1929). The
readers’ adviser in England and America.
Adult Education and Library, 4, 17-20.
American Library Association (1988). America’s

63


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