WebGIS 2.0: New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
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WebGIS 2.0: New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes, presented @eGov2009, in DEXA Conference, Linz, Austria, 31 August - 4 September 2009 Work by Lucia Tilio, Viviana Lanza, Francesco Scorza, Beniamino Murgante
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WebGIS 2.0: New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 1. Webgis 2.0: New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering Lucia Tilio Viviana Lanza lucia.tilio@unibas.it viviana.lanza@unibas.it
- 2. OVERVIEW Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 3. PIT (Territorial Integrated Project) Marmo Platano Melandro INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 4. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Planning tools Programming Documents
- 5. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Analysis of programming documents Survey on territory Interviews to municipal employers
- 6. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 7. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes http://www.pitmpm.basilicata.it/PIT/map.phtml www.pitmpm.basilicata.it/cgi-bin/wms_pit
- 8. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes http://www.pitmpm.basilicata.it/PIT/map.phtml Spread of Spatial Data Knowledge Planning documents on Internet Increase of transparency level of programming choices Involvement of different stakeholder participation www.pitmpm.basilicata.it/cgi-bin/wms_pit
- 9. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes @ IC T BOTTOM-UP
- 10. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 11. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 12. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 13. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 14. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes
- 15. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Compare and exchange information suggest ideas to public administration virtual space where people can discuss
- 16. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes http://blogpit.wordpress.com ParticipationParticipation TransparencyTransparencyInteractionInteraction
- 17. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes http://blogpit.wordpress.com active participation of users through comments collection of all instances concerning past and future programming policies collaboration relationship and constant involvement of citizens in public decisions dialogue between organisation and data users
- 18. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes TOMORROW ...
- 19. INTRODUCTION: the context SPATIALIZATION of programming documents TOWARDS an SDI WEBGIS From information tools to interaction tools PIT 2.0 CONCLUSIONS Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes I’m the PIT I’m a Local Organization I’m a Data Producer I’m a Business ManI’m a Citizen
- 20. Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Any questions? Something to suggest? Lucia Tilio Viviana Lanza lucia.tilio@unibas.it viviana.lanza@unibas.it
- 21. Università degli Studi della Basilicata Facoltà di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Architettura, Pianificazione e Infrastrutture di Trasporto LISUT Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering WEBGIS 2.0:New approaches to democratic public involvement to programming processes Lucia Tilio Viviana Lanza lucia.tilio@unibas.it viviana.lanza@unibas.it This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.
Editor's Notes
- Good morning, we come from University of Basilicata, Italy, and we are here to speak about our experience ….
- Just Some words to define the geographic context of our research. Our study case has been applied to Marmo Platano – Melandro PIT, that is a Territorial Integrated Project, lead in an area with high potentialities in the North Western part of Basilicata Region, Italy, including fifteen municipalities and two consortiums of communes in mountain areas. The PIT is a local organisation responsible for the accomplishment of POR, that is Regional Operative Program of Basilicata for the programming period 2000-2006 , and the elaboration of a common and shared strategies for the local development. The area is an access corridor, caracterised by a strong naturalistic and environmental heritage and important cultures and traditions. The possible development is connected with the rural aspects of area. During a collaboration, we help the PIT organisation to carry out this strategy, pointed attention on methodologies and new tools, anticipated during the overview and to be described in the next slides.
- The first aspect we considered in our collaboration with PIT has been the problem of dialogue between programming tools, that is the main and the true interest of PIT organisation, and planning tools. Traditionally, there is not possibility of dialogue because of the different representation way. So, on one hand, we have programming documents simply as statements, as a collection of information not completed by a geographic description, even if they describe interventions on territory. On the other hand, we have a collection of plans, master plans, sector-based plans, plans developed in different periods, at various purposes and different scales, represented on territory.
- We attempt a translation of policy statements in geographical elements, establishing a method of spatialization of economic programs, in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness of strategic actions. Infact, the possibility to analyze strategic documents also according to geographical components has to be considered as a huge increase of knowledge; spatial aspects may highlight some redudancies and duplication and allow to verify coherence and compatibility. It becomes possible to contextualize the financed interventions, evaluating the coherence degree between choises, vocations, potentialities and so on; it becomes possible to rate (classify, order?) priorities, define strategies and synergies and so on. The spatial component can be considered in the computation of equity and effectiveness indicators. How to make this translation? We represent intervention by means of geometric primitives, point, line or polygon and we localise and georeference the intervention on territory. We follow two approaches: on one hand, a survey on territory and some interviews to municipal employers help us to find localisation for great part of interventions; on the other hand, we try to experiment the localisation by means of Google Earth. Globally, 70% of about one thousand interventions have been localised and georeferenced.
- Therefore (thus), we have produced some data, we collected some others data. Do we realize a geographic information system? No, we work with the idea to realize a Spatial Data Infrastructure, taking advantage from the sinergy between GIS and ICT and considering that we are operating in a network of local organisations. To clearify: we define a Spatial Data Infrastructure as technologies, policies, standards and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute and improve utilization of geospatial data, and we retain that in this context it is possible to began an SDI. PIT, so, gives the input, producing data, training municipal employers, stimulating GIS culture and playing an aggregation role.
- The fulfillment of SDI represented the starting point for the implementation of WEBGIS, accessible on the indicated url, here you can see a screen shot. The WebGIS, has been completely developed on open source platform, according to Open GIS Consortium specifications. Moreover, there is also available a WMS service, at the url indicated; WMS is “Web Map Service”, that is a tool allowing to add PIT data to its own data in a generic GIS software. (you can upload into your GIS software, from an URL, some data as image and, thanks to georeferencing, combining this data with your data, for instance an orthoimage used as basis for your work and so on. This tool applies the principle of co-planning and strenghten the network of local organizations, each of them contributing to the informative heritage.)
- WebGIS and WMS borns with the objectives of promoting a spread of spatial data knowledge, allowing consultation of planning documents via Internet, increasing transparency level of programming choices and not last involving different stakeholders participation.
- So, we arrive to the other aspect of our collaboration with PIT, most relevant in this context, and for the conference’s objectives, that is the approach we adopt for “participation”. We start saying that participation in planning processes is important, but it is also in the context of programming processes, where there is not, in our knowledge, some experience. We are persuaded (convinced) that open the programming practices to citizens is a way to assure transparency. Moreover, we think that the involvement of local organizations and citizens can be strategic into the local development for the dynamism that it can produce. In light of this, we attempt of implement some interactive tools to “start” participation in programming practices, in order to open a bottom – up approach, so that programming can take benefits from spontaneous input. Concerning the adopted tools, technologies and approach, our proposal starts from the observation that in the last decade all governments and local organisations have been more and more using Internet, so that it can be now considered a part of society and a new democratizing tool, supposedly bringing people closer together and allowing them to participate in civilized society. For these reasons, we build our interactive tools related to Internet and we decline the “participation” as “e-participation”. In the following slides, we will see how.
- So, before of all, it need a sort of “definition” of what we intend for e-participation, and in particular what kind of tools we think are necessary to. So. Just a sort of funnel in which put some communication tools. To communicate is the first aspect, but it is not enough. Communication and information have to be shared, so that every one can actively participate. Finally, the condition-key is the interaction.
- First, we start considering tools before described, WEBGIS and WMS, that are clearly linked to this approach. Moreover, it has been considered also the available website. We analyzed them to understand what kind of contribute they bring in such participation process. The analysis of Website highlights that it contains news, information from press reviews, events, publication, ect etc, and it is very complete and rich in content and information, but anyway it represents a low participation level, and a tool for “one-way” participation. WEBGIS produces information dynamically, in function of processed queries by users; it produces shots of territorial conditions through a complex data system, and it represents a powerful tool for facilitating involvement of local authorities and citizens in the evaluation of impacts of public expenses for local development; it represents a tool of sharing the geographic information. These two tools, website and webgis, contribute to involve citizens, but they only produce an information flow from PIT to citizens, and do not determine that interaction before mentioned.
- First, we start considering tools before described, WEBGIS and WMS, that are clearly linked to this approach. Moreover, it has been considered also the available website. We analyzed them to understand what kind of contribute they bring in such participation process. The analysis of Website highlights that it contains news, information from press reviews, events, publication, ect etc, and it is very complete and rich in content and information, but anyway it represents a low participation level, and a tool for “one-way” participation. WEBGIS produces information dynamically, in function of processed queries by users; it produces shots of territorial conditions through a complex data system, and it represents a powerful tool for facilitating involvement of local authorities and citizens in the evaluation of impacts of public expenses for local development; it represents a tool of sharing the geographic information. These two tools, website and webgis, contribute to involve citizens, but they only produce an information flow from PIT to citizens, and do not determine that interaction before mentioned.
- We complete our set in order to reach this interaction in the environment of Web 2.0, so that we speak of “PIT 2.0”, creating a tool really interactive, able to register feedback from users. This tool is a BLOG, described in the next slides.
- We complete our set in order to reach this interaction in the environment of Web 2.0, so that we speak of “PIT 2.0”, creating a tool really interactive, able to register feedback from users. This tool is a BLOG, described in the next slides.
- We thought to a virtual space where people can discuss, compare and exchange information, suggesting ideas to public administration. We think that this tool is a BLOG that is considered as the most popular and effective tool for exchanging opinions and collecting information. The blog, available at the indicated URL, is the PIT blog, where P-I-T are not only the acronym of Territorial Integrated Project, but also of Participation, Interaction and Transparency, that are the main objectives.
- This is our blog, available at the indicated URL; We decided to call it “PIT blog”, where P-I-T are not only the acronym of Territorial Integrated Project, but also of Participation, Interaction and Transparency, that are the main objectives. The main difference between blog and website is that the website is the official channel of communication, while the blog allows, with some moderation, contribution by citizens, that can comment and submit post.
- With the blog opening, users, that are citizens, data users, private ownerships and so on, can actively participate through comments, interact with organizations, collaborate in public decision and access to decision-making processes, finally conscious about interventions programming. In an area where the attitude to participate is low, and there is not confidence in decision-makers, but people are persuaded that it is not possible influence any decision, the BLOG can be a resource for local development, community life and identity, since it promotes collaboration relationship, overcoming typical participation constraints and giving more emphasis to the citizen role.
- We have not yet interesting results, in particular concerning the use of BLOG, implemented at the end of the programming phase, so we cannot say if it works or not, but we hope that the PIT 2.0 can promote and create a true citizenship involvement into the next programming phase (2007-2013). In particular, it is important underline that the experience of Marmo Platano Melandro PIT proved the feasibility of an approach of cooperation and networking of territorial authorities at local level, already working. PIT Marmo Platano Melandro started a new governance model alternative to the traditional one, more effective in the use of public resource. This approach worked in the passed programming phase but it is not over. The created network will work also in the next programming phase, completed by the blog that can bring a strong contribution.
- We have not yet interesting results, in particular concerning the use of BLOG, implemented at the end of the programming phase, so we cannot say if it works or not, but we hope that the PIT 2.0 can promote and create a true citizenship involvement into the next programming phase (2007-2013). In particular, it is important underline that the experience of Marmo Platano Melandro PIT proved the feasibility of an approach of cooperation and networking of territorial authorities at local level, already working. PIT Marmo Platano Melandro started a new governance model alternative to the traditional one, more effective in the use of public resource. This approach worked in the passed programming phase but it is not over. The created network will work also in the next programming phase, completed by the blog that can bring a strong contribution.