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Ocurrència espacial-temporal
de contaminants de
preocupació emergent als
rius urbans del sud de Brasil
Anàlisi i Control Ambiental
Universitat Rovira i Virgili
2023 - 2024
ÍNDEX
• Introducció a la problemàtica
• Presa de mostra
• Tractament
• Anàlisi i resultats
• Conclusions
2
INTRODUCCIÓ
PROBLEMÀTICA
• Contaminants alliberats al rierol Dilúvio al sur de Brasil, que
poden ser perjudicials per al medi ambient i per la població
de la zona.
OBJECTIUS
• Determinar els contaminants de preocupació emergent i fer
anàlisis sistemàtiques per observar variabilitats (per
temporades, clima, activitat antropogènica, etc.)
3
PRESA DE MOSTRA
Durada
• Cada tres mesos: setembre, desembre, març i juny.
• 2016 – 2018.
Lloc
• Rierol Dilúvio a Porto Alegre, Brasil.
• Dues mostres per sis punts de mostreig  per triplicat.
• Ampolles de vidre de color ambre de 5,0 L.
Transport
• Addició de formaldehid (0,1 % per evitar el creixement d’organismes).
• Transport a 4- 10 C.
4
TRACTAMENT
5
Filtració
• Filtres de
membrana de
cel·lulosa
• Porus de 5, 3, 1.2
i 0.45 m
Emmagatzematge
• 4C i a la foscor
• Màxim 1 dia des
de la recepció
SPE
• 250 mL de
mostra i
extracció en buit.
• Acondicionament
i elució 
mescles de
dissolvents
• 5 m finals són
analitzats per
UHPLC-qTOF-MS
ANÀLISI I RESULTATS
Prèviament, analits d’estudi (198) recopilats a una base de dades
Anàlisi toxicològic (mostres 2017): generalment, risc baix. Més efecte
perjudicial sobre algues i crustacis.
Anàlisi de sospitosos confirma 27 analits.
33 analits detectats: 20 farmacèutics i 13 pesticides, majoritàriament
provinent de l’activitat de la població local i activitat rural.
Preocupants concentracions de lidocaïna anestèsica, possible utilitat
d’adulterant en drogues.
6
CONCLUSIONS
7
NO tots els compostos s’eliminen al tractament d’aigües residuals, poden arribar a les
aigües potables.
Necessitat d’un millor sanejament urbà a la regió i elevada preocupació per el
llançament inadequat de fàrmacs.
Alguns analits han pogut ser eluïts a la SPE i, per tant, no detectats a l’anàlisi
posterior.
Pocs analits determinats estan legislats; conseqüències preocupants per a la salut i al
medi ambient. Necessitat d’investigació i limitacions.
MOLTES GRÀCIES PER LA VOSTRA ATENCIÓ!
8

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FlashPresentationACA.pptx

  • 1. Ocurrència espacial-temporal de contaminants de preocupació emergent als rius urbans del sud de Brasil Anàlisi i Control Ambiental Universitat Rovira i Virgili 2023 - 2024
  • 2. ÍNDEX • Introducció a la problemàtica • Presa de mostra • Tractament • Anàlisi i resultats • Conclusions 2
  • 3. INTRODUCCIÓ PROBLEMÀTICA • Contaminants alliberats al rierol Dilúvio al sur de Brasil, que poden ser perjudicials per al medi ambient i per la població de la zona. OBJECTIUS • Determinar els contaminants de preocupació emergent i fer anàlisis sistemàtiques per observar variabilitats (per temporades, clima, activitat antropogènica, etc.) 3
  • 4. PRESA DE MOSTRA Durada • Cada tres mesos: setembre, desembre, març i juny. • 2016 – 2018. Lloc • Rierol Dilúvio a Porto Alegre, Brasil. • Dues mostres per sis punts de mostreig  per triplicat. • Ampolles de vidre de color ambre de 5,0 L. Transport • Addició de formaldehid (0,1 % per evitar el creixement d’organismes). • Transport a 4- 10 C. 4
  • 5. TRACTAMENT 5 Filtració • Filtres de membrana de cel·lulosa • Porus de 5, 3, 1.2 i 0.45 m Emmagatzematge • 4C i a la foscor • Màxim 1 dia des de la recepció SPE • 250 mL de mostra i extracció en buit. • Acondicionament i elució  mescles de dissolvents • 5 m finals són analitzats per UHPLC-qTOF-MS
  • 6. ANÀLISI I RESULTATS Prèviament, analits d’estudi (198) recopilats a una base de dades Anàlisi toxicològic (mostres 2017): generalment, risc baix. Més efecte perjudicial sobre algues i crustacis. Anàlisi de sospitosos confirma 27 analits. 33 analits detectats: 20 farmacèutics i 13 pesticides, majoritàriament provinent de l’activitat de la població local i activitat rural. Preocupants concentracions de lidocaïna anestèsica, possible utilitat d’adulterant en drogues. 6
  • 7. CONCLUSIONS 7 NO tots els compostos s’eliminen al tractament d’aigües residuals, poden arribar a les aigües potables. Necessitat d’un millor sanejament urbà a la regió i elevada preocupació per el llançament inadequat de fàrmacs. Alguns analits han pogut ser eluïts a la SPE i, per tant, no detectats a l’anàlisi posterior. Pocs analits determinats estan legislats; conseqüències preocupants per a la salut i al medi ambient. Necessitat d’investigació i limitacions.
  • 8. MOLTES GRÀCIES PER LA VOSTRA ATENCIÓ! 8